Linux设备驱动：I2C架构分析/i2c_add_driver

我的阅读习惯，转帖他人技术笔记。

一:前言

I2c是philips提出的外设总线.I2C只有两条线,一条串行数据线:SDA,一条是时钟线SCL.正因为这样,它方便了工程人员 的布线.另外,I2C是一种多主机控制总线.它和USB总线不同,USB是基于master-slave机制,任何设备的通信必须由主机发起才可以.而 I2C 是基于multi master机制.一同总线上可允许多个master.

三:adapter注册
在 kernel中提供了两个adapter注册接口,分别为i2c_add_adapter()和 i2c_add_numbered_adapter().由于在系统中可能存在多个adapter,因为将每一条I2C总线对应一个编号,下文中称为 I2C总线号.这个总线号的PCI中的总线号不同.它和硬件无关,只是软件上便于区分而已.
对于i2c_add_adapter()而言,它使用的是动态总线号,即由系统给其分析一个总线号,而i2c_add_numbered_adapter()则是自己指定总线号,如果这个总线号非法或者是被占用,就会注册失败.
分别来看一下这两个函数的代码:   略！详见：http://blog.csdn.net/hongjiujing/article/details/4098547

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

 //以apapter的总线号从i2c_adapter_idr中找到adapter
    adap = i2c_get_adapter(i2c_dev->adap->nr);
    if (!adap)
        return -ENODEV;

    /* This creates an anonymous i2c_client, which may later be
    * pointed to some address using I2C_SLAVE or I2C_SLAVE_FORCE.
    *
    * This client is ** NEVER REGISTERED ** with the driver model
    * or I2C core code!!  It just holds private copies of addressing
    * information and maybe a PEC flag.
    */
    //分配并初始化一个i2c_client结构
    client = kzalloc(sizeof(*client), GFP_KERNEL);
    if (!client) {
        i2c_put_adapter(adap);
        return -ENOMEM;
    }
    snprintf(client->name, I2C_NAME_SIZE, "i2c-dev %d", adap->nr);
    client->driver = &i2cdev_driver;
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

adapter = i2c_get_adapter( i2c_set_data->i2c_bus);
if (!adapter) {
printk("%s: can't get i2c adapter %d\n",
__func__,  i2c_set_data->i2c_bus);
err = -ENODEV;
goto err_driver;
}
client = i2c_new_device(adapter, &info);
if (!client) {
printk("%s:  can't add i2c device at 0x%x\n",
__func__, (unsigned int)info.addr);
err = -ENODEV;
goto err_driver;
}
i2c_put_adapter(adapter);

ret = i2c_add_driver(driver);
if (ret != 0) {
printk("%s: can't add i2c driver\n", __func__);
err = -ENODEV;
goto err_driver;
}

return 0;

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