fstream 将类写入文件

将类写入文件是比较通用的任务，是写文件索引的基础。进一步可以将b+ tree等东西写入文件

1. /*
2.  * =====================================================================================
3.  *
4.  *       Filename:  classtfile.cpp
5.  *
6.  *    Description:  将类写入文件，必要时候都回到内存中
7.  *
8.  *        Version:  1.0
9.  *        Created:  2008年12月26日 10时34分50秒
10.  *       Revision:  none
11.  *       Compiler:  gcc
12.  *
13.  *         Author:  Li WeiJian (mn), lwj1396@163.com
14.  *        Company:  hunan university
15.  *
16.  * =====================================================================================
17.  */
19. #include<iostream>
20. #include<fstream>
21. using namespace std;
23. class person
24. {
25.     public:
26.         enum {SIZE=50};
27.         int id;
28.         int age;
29.         char name[SIZE];
30.         char address[SIZE];
31. };
33. class Database
34. {
35.     private:
36.         fstream fs;
37.         string filename;
38.         
39.         void openf()
40.         {
41.             try
42.             {
43.                 fs.open(this->filename.c_str(),fstream::in|fstream::out|fstream::app);
44.             }catch(...) 
45.             {   }
46.         }
47.     public:
48.         Database(string fn):filename(fn)
49.         {
50.         }
52.         ~Database()
53.         {
54.             if(fs.is_open())
55.                 fs.close();
56.         }
59.         //通过id查找位置
60.         size_t query(size_t id)
61.         {
62.             size_t index=0; 
63.             if(!fs.is_open())
64.                 openf();
65.             fs.seekg(0,ios_base::beg);
66.             while(!fs.eof())
67.             {
68.                 fs.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&index),sizeof(int));
69.                 if(index==id)
70.                 {
71.                     fs.seekg(-sizeof(int),ios_base::cur);
72.                     return fs.tellg();
73.                 }
74.                 fs.seekg(sizeof(person)-sizeof(int),ios_base::cur);
75.             }
76.             fs.close();
77.             
78.             return -1;
79.         }
82.         //返回位置n的person记录
83.         person retrieve(size_t n)
84.         {
85.             person p;
86.             if(!fs.is_open())
87.                 openf();
88.             int resultindex=query(n);
89.             if(resultindex!=-1)//找到了
90.             {
91.                 fs.seekg(resultindex);
92.                 fs.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&p),sizeof(person));
93.                 fs.close();
94.                 return p;
95.             }
96.         
97.             fs.close();
98.             throw("no result");
99.         }
100.         
102.         //修改位置n的person记录
103.         int update(size_t n, person& p)
104.         {
105.             if(!fs.is_open())
106.                 fs.open(filename.c_str(),fstream::in|fstream::out);
107.             int resultindex=query(n);
108.             if(resultindex!=-1)//找到了
109.             {
110.                 fs.seekp(resultindex);
111.                 fs.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&p),sizeof(person));
112.                 fs.close();
113.                 return 0;
114.             }
115.             fs.close();
116.             return 1;
117.         }
120.         //添加一个人的记录
121.         void add(person& p)
122.         {
123.             if(!fs.is_open())
124.                 openf();
125.             fs.seekp(0,ios::end);
126.             fs.write(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&p),sizeof(person));
127.             fs.close();
128.         }
129. };
132. int main()
133. {
134.     Database db("db");
135.     person p;
136.     p.id=1;
137.     p.age=10;
138.     strcpy(p.name,"person1");
139.     strcpy(p.address,"hunan");
140.     person p2;
141.     p2.id=2;
142.     p2.age=68;
143.     strcpy(p2.name,"person2");
144.     strcpy(p2.address,"guangxi");
145.     person p3;
146.     p3.id=3;
147.     p3.age=333;
148.     strcpy(p3.name,"person3");
149.     strcpy(p3.address,"shenzhen");
150.     db.add(p);
151.     db.add(p2);
152.     db.add(p3);
153.     for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
154.     {   
155.         try
156.         {
157.             person p=db.retrieve(i+1);
158.             cout<<"p.id="<<p.id<<endl;
159.             cout<<"p.age="<<p.age<<endl;
160.             cout<<"p.name="<<p.name<<endl;
161.             cout<<"p.address="<<p.address<<endl;
162.         }catch(...)
163.         {
164.             cout<<"can't not find the person "<<i+1<<endl;
165.         }
167.     }
170.     cout<<"change 2 happend...."<<endl;
171.     person ppp;
172.     ppp.id=1;
173.     ppp.age=222;
174.     strcpy(ppp.name,"new person 1");
175.     strcpy(ppp.address,"中华人们公共和国");
176.     db.update(1,ppp);//修改
178.     for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
179.     {   
180.         try
181.         {
182.             person p=db.retrieve(i+1);
183.             cout<<"p.id="<<p.id<<endl;
184.             cout<<"p.age="<<p.age<<endl;
185.             cout<<"p.name="<<p.name<<endl;
186.             cout<<"p.address="<<p.address<<endl;
187.         }catch(...)
188.         {
189.             cout<<"can't not find the person "<<i+1<<endl;
190.         }
192.     }
193. }