C++设计者模式——Builder模式

在软件设计过程中面临着复杂对象的创建工作：其通常有一些稳定的算法构成，由于需求的变化各个子部分通常会发生剧烈的变化

代码报错： "public: __thiscall House::House(void)" (??0House@@QAE@XZ)，该符号在函数 "public: __thiscall StoneHouse::StoneHouse(void)" (??0StoneHouse@@QAE@XZ) 中被引用

解决办法：

将纯虚函数提到调用者的前面

现在举例：一个房子需要捡起来，建房子的流程都是一样的，但是不同房子的不同流程具体使用的方法是不一样的。

如下代码所示：Init函数代表构建的流程，不管是StoneHouse还是RiverViewHouse流程都是这样的，但是不同房子各个流程具体实现是不同的。

#pragma once
#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
//房子的构建过程是确定的，即算法是固定的
//但是每种房子各个部分的构造方法是不同的
class House
{
protected:
	virtual void ConstructPart1() = 0;
	virtual bool ConstructPart2() = 0;
	virtual bool ConstructPart3() = 0;
	virtual bool ConstructPart4() = 0;
public:
	void Init()
	{
		ConstructPart1();

		bool flag = ConstructPart2();
		if (flag)
		{
			flag = ConstructPart3();
		}
		if (flag)
		{
			ConstructPart4();
		}

	}

};
class StoneHouse :public House
{
public:
public:
	virtual void ConstructPart1()
	{
		cout << "StoneHouse ConstructPart1" << endl;
	}
	virtual bool ConstructPart2()
	{
		cout << "StoneHouse ConstructPart2" << endl;
		return true;
	}
	virtual bool ConstructPart3()
	{
		cout << "StoneHouse ConstructPart3" << endl;
		return true;
	}
	virtual bool ConstructPart4()
	{
		cout << "StoneHouse ConstructPart4" << endl;
		return true;
	}
};
class RiverViewHouse :public House
{
public:
	virtual void ConstructPart1()
	{
		cout << "RiverViewHouse ConstructPart1" << endl;
	}
	virtual bool ConstructPart2()
	{
		cout << "RiverViewHouse ConstructPart2" << endl;
	}
	virtual bool ConstructPart3()
	{
		cout << "RiverViewHouse ConstructPart3" << endl;
	}
	virtual bool ConstructPart4()
	{
		cout << "RiverViewHouse ConstructPart4" << endl;
	}
};

Bulider模式通过上面的方法已经实现：但是我们还可以将对象的构建与对象的表现分离：

如下代码所示：

#pragma once
#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
//房子的构建过程是确定的，即算法是固定的
//但是每种房子各个部分的构造方法是不同的
enum DoorDirection
{
	EastDoor, WestDoor, NorthDoor,SouthDoor
};
enum HouseColor
{
	Red,Bool,Green,Orange
};
class House
{
public:
	virtual HouseColor GetHouseColor() = 0;
};
//将一个复杂对象的构建与表示分离
class HouseBuilder
{
public:
	virtual void ConstructPart1() = 0;
	virtual bool ConstructPart2() = 0;
	virtual bool ConstructPart3() = 0;
	virtual bool ConstructPart4() = 0;
public:
	House* GetResult()
	{
		return pHouse;
	}
protected:
	House* pHouse;
};
class StoneHouse :public House
{	
public:
	HouseColor GetHouseColor()
	{
		return HouseColor::Orange;
	}
};
class StoneHouseBuilder :public HouseBuilder
{
public:
	StoneHouseBuilder()
	{
		pHouse = new StoneHouse();
	}
public:
	virtual void ConstructPart1()
	{
		cout << "StoneHouseBuilder ConstructPart1" << endl;
	}
	virtual bool ConstructPart2()
	{
		cout << "StoneHouseBuilder ConstructPart2" << endl;
		return true;
	}
	virtual bool ConstructPart3()
	{
		cout << "StoneHouseBuilder ConstructPart3" << endl;
		return true;
	}
	virtual bool ConstructPart4()
	{
		cout << "StoneHouseBuilder ConstructPart4" << endl;
		return true;
	}
};

//房子的装修这部分也是稳定的，传入什么房子就进行构建什么样的房子
class HouseDirector 
{
public:
	HouseDirector(HouseBuilder* pHouseBulider)
	{
		this->pHouseBulider = pHouseBulider;
	}
public:
	HouseBuilder* pHouseBulider;
	House* Construct()
	{
		pHouseBulider->ConstructPart1();
		bool flag = pHouseBulider->ConstructPart2();
		if (flag)
		{
			flag = pHouseBulider->ConstructPart3();
		}
		if (flag)
		{
			pHouseBulider->ConstructPart4();
		}
		return pHouseBulider->GetResult();
	}
};
class RiverViewHouse :public House
{	
};

测试：

#include"House.h"

int main()
{
	//House* phouse = new StoneHouse();
	//phouse->Init();
	House* pHouse = new StoneHouse();
	//具体装修那种房子
	HouseBuilder* pHouseBulider = new StoneHouseBuilder();
	//房子装修
	HouseDirector* pHouseDirector = new HouseDirector(pHouseBulider);
	pHouse = pHouseDirector->Construct();
	int color = pHouse->GetHouseColor();
	cout << color << endl;
	return 0;
}