Java中线程的几种状态 代码打印

Java中线程有六种状态。
使用IDEA找到Thread类，点进去，快捷键ALT + 7查看Structure如下：

NEW

当线程对象被创建，但还没有调用start()方法时。

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(() -> {
        });
        System.out.println(thread.getState());	// NEW
    }

RUNNABLE

调用start()方法后的状态。在这个状态下，线程正在等待操作系统分配CPU时间片来执行，或者正在执行。

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread thread = new Thread(() -> {
            while (true) {
            }
        });
        thread.start();
        System.out.println(thread.getState());  // RUNNABLE
        Thread.sleep(3000);
        System.out.println(thread.getState());  // RUNNABLE
    }

BLOCKED

线程被阻塞时，暂时停止执行。线程可能会进入阻塞状态，等待获取一个锁，或者等待一段时间后再次尝试获取锁。

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Object obj = new Object();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (obj) {
            }
        });

        synchronized (obj) {
            t1.start();
            System.out.println(t1.getState());  // RUNNABLE
            Thread.sleep(3000);
            System.out.println(t1.getState());  // BLOCKED
        }
    }

WAITING

当线程等待某个条件时，它进入等待状态。这个状态下，线程不会占用CPU时间片，直到条件满足。

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Object obj = new Object();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (obj) {
                try {
                    obj.wait();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
        
        t1.start();
        System.out.println(t1.getState());  // RUNNABLE
        Thread.sleep(3000);
        System.out.println(t1.getState());  // WAITING
    }

TIMED_WAITING

和WAITING状态一样，但是不需要手动唤醒，在打到一定时间后（sleep）自动唤醒。

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
        t1.start();
        Thread.sleep(1000);
        System.out.println(t1.getState());  // TIMED_WAITING
    }

TERMINATED

线程结束的状态

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
        t1.start();
        System.out.println(t1.getState());  // RUNNABLE
        Thread.sleep(500);
        System.out.println(t1.getState());  // TIMED_WAITING
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        System.out.println(t1.getState());  // TERMINATED
    }