Ansible中的任务执行控制流

最新推荐文章于 2023-12-28 09:38:26 发布

一叶存秋

最新推荐文章于 2023-12-28 09:38:26 发布

阅读量449

点赞数

文章标签： linq

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ly660402/article/details/121716210

版权

##一.循环##
#循环迭代任务#
#1.简单循环#
loop:
- value1
- value2
- ... ##赋值列表
{{item}} ##迭代变量名称

#实例#
---
- name: create file
hosts: 172.25.0.254
tasks:
- name: file module
file:
name: /mnt/{{item}}
state: present
loop:
- westos_file1
- westos_file2

#2.循环散列或字典列表#
---
- name: create file
hosts: 172.25.0.254
tasks:
- name: file module
service:
name: "{{ item.name}}"
state: "{{ item.state }}"
loop:
- name: httpd
state: started
- name: vsftpd
state: stopped

实例：

查询受控主机的硬盘信息

[devops@westoslinux .ansible]$ vim device.yml
- name: test
  hosts: westos
  tasks:
    - name: check device
      lineinfile:
        path: /mnt/device
        line: "{{item.name}}={{item.size}}"
        create: yes
      loop:
        - name: vda
          size: "{{ ansible_facts['devices']['size']| default('none') }}"
        - name: vdb
          size: "{{ ansible_facts['devices']['size']| default('none') }}"
[devops@westoslinux .ansible]$ ansible-playbook device.yml

PLAY [test] ***************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************
ok: [172.25.254.198]

TASK [check device] *******************************************************************
changed: [172.25.254.198] => (item={'name': 'vda', 'size': 'none'})
changed: [172.25.254.198] => (item={'name': 'vdb', 'size': 'none'})

PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************
172.25.254.198             : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0 
[root@qwe ~]# cat /mnt/device
vda=none
vdb=none

test:

[devops@westoslinux .ansible]$ vim device1.yml
 tasks:
    - name: check device
      get_url:
        url: http://172.25.254.250/RHCE_EXAM/files/hwreport.empty
        dest: /mnt/hwreport.txt
        force: yes
    - name: check device
      lineinfile:
        path: /mnt/hwreport.txt
        regexp: "{{item.name}}"
        line: "{{item.name}}={{item.size}}"
        create: yes
      loop:
        - name: HOST
          size: "{{ansible_facts['fqdn']}}"
        - name: MEMERY
          size: "{{ansible_memtotal_mb}}MB"
        - name: BIOS
          size: "{{ansible_facts['bios_version']}}"
        - name: vda
          size: "{{ansible_facts['device']['vda']['size']| default('NONE')}}"
        - name: vdb
          size: "{{ansible_facts['device']['vdb']['size']| default('NONE')}}"
[devops@westoslinux .ansible]$ ansible-playbook device1.yml

##二.条件##
when:
- 条件1
- 条件2

#条件判断#
=	value == "字符串",value == 数字
<	value < 数字
>	value > 数字
<=	value <= 数字
>=	value >= 数字
!=	value != 数字
is defined value	value is defined 变量存在
is not defined	value is not defined 变量不存在
in	value is in value 变量为
not in	value is not in value 变量不为
bool变量为true	value value的值为true
bool变量 false	not value value的值为false value in value2 value的值在value2列表中

已知只有198主机/mnt/有test文件 213主机没有
[devops@westoslinux .ansible]$ vim test1.yml
- name: test
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: check file
      shell: test -e /mnt/test
      register: CHECKOUT
      ignore_errors: yes

    - name: debug
      debug:
        msg: "/mnt/test is not exist"
      when:
        CHECKOUT.rc != 0

    - name: debug exist
      debug:
        msg: "/mnt/test is exist"
      when:
        CHECKOUT.rc == 0
[devops@westoslinux .ansible]$ ansible-playbook test1.yml

PLAY [test] *************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************
fatal: [172.25.254.213]: UNREACHABLE! => {"changed": false, "msg": "Failed to connect to the host via ssh: devops@172.25.254.213: Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password).", "unreachable": true}
ok: [172.25.254.198]

TASK [check file] *******************************************************************
changed: [172.25.254.198]

TASK [debug] ************************************************************************
skipping: [172.25.254.198]

TASK [debug exist] ******************************************************************
ok: [172.25.254.198] => {
    "msg": "/mnt/test is exist"
}

PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************
172.25.254.198             : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0   
172.25.254.213             : ok=0    changed=0    unreachable=1    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

已知只有198主机/mnt/有test文件 213主机没有
[devops@westoslinux .ansible]$ vim test3.yml
- name: test
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: check test
      shell: test -e /mnt/file1
      register: out
      ignore_errors: yes

    - name: debug
      debug:
        msg: "/mnt/test is not exist {{out.rc}}"
      when:
        - out.rc 不存在为1

    - name: debug
      debug:
        msg: "/mnt/test is exist {{out.rc}}"
      when:
        - not out.rc  存在为0
[devops@westoslinux .ansible]$ ansible-playbook test3.yml

PLAY [test] *************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************
fatal: [172.25.254.213]: UNREACHABLE! => {"changed": false, "msg": "Failed to connect to the host via ssh: devops@172.25.254.213: Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password).", "unreachable": true}
ok: [172.25.254.198]

TASK [check test] *******************************************************************
changed: [172.25.254.198]

TASK [debug] ************************************************************************
skipping: [172.25.254.198]

TASK [debug] ************************************************************************
ok: [172.25.254.198] => {
    "msg": "/mnt/test is exist 0"
}

PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************
172.25.254.198             : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0   
172.25.254.213             : ok=0    changed=0    unreachable=1    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

#多条条件组合#

条件1与条件2并且关系，共同成立才实施。
when:
条件1 and 条件2
- 条件1
- 条件2

已知198和213主机都有/mnt/test文件
[devops@westoslinux .ansible]$ vim test2.yml
- name: test
  hosts: all
  tasks:
    - name: check file
      shell: test -e /mnt/test
      register: CHECKOUT
      ignore_errors: yes
      when: inventory_hostname in groups.westos

    - name: debug
      debug:
        msg: "/mnt/test is not exist"
      when:
        - inventory_hostname in groups.westos
        - CHECKOUT.rc != 0

    - name: debug exist
      debug:
        msg: "/mnt/test is exist"
      when:
        - inventory_hostname in groups.westos
        - CHECKOUT.rc == 0
[devops@westoslinux .ansible]$ ansible-playbook test2.yml

PLAY [test] *************************************************************************

TASK [Gathering Facts] **************************************************************
fatal: [172.25.254.213]: UNREACHABLE! => {"changed": false, "msg": "Failed to connect to the host via ssh: devops@172.25.254.213: Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password).", "unreachable": true}
ok: [172.25.254.198]

TASK [check file] *******************************************************************
changed: [172.25.254.198]

TASK [debug] ************************************************************************
skipping: [172.25.254.198]

TASK [debug exist] ******************************************************************
ok: [172.25.254.198] => {
    "msg": "/mnt/test is exist"
}

PLAY RECAP **************************************************************************
172.25.254.198             : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=1    rescued=0    ignored=0   
172.25.254.213             : ok=0    changed=0    unreachable=1    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

条件1与条件2或者关系，一条成立立即实施。

when:

条件1 or 条件2

when: >
条件1
or
条件2

##三.触发器##
notify: 触发器当遇到更改是触发handlers
handlers: 触发器触发后执行的动作

实例：

vim apache1.yml

重新执行此剧本会发现没有更改剧本里的任何东西此剧本也会重启

vim apache1.yml vim apache1.yml 修改此剧本#四.处理失败任务#
#1.ignore_errors#
#作用: 当play遇到任务失败是会终止
ignore_errors: yes 将会忽略任务失败使下面的任务继续运行

实例：

vim apache1.yml 剧本中没有http这个软件，所以执行到install httpd失败

vim apache1.yml#2.force_handlers#
#作用: #当任务失败后play被终止也会调用触发器进程

vim apache1.yml 将剧本端口修改为8080

vim apache1.yml

#3.changed_when#
#作用: #控制任务在何时报告它已进行更改

vim apache1.yml changed_when=yes强制改变的状态即使没有修改它也是改变的状态

vim apache1.yml changed_when=no 没修改就不会进行改变 #4.failed_when#
#当符合条件时强制任务失败

vim apache1.yml failed_when=yes 即使没失败也会执行错误vim apache1.yml failed_when=no 失败就是失败,没失败就是没失败#5.block#
block: ##定义要运行的任务
rescue: ##定义当block句子中出现失败任务后运行的任务
always: ##定义最终独立运行的任务

实例

vim apache2.yml

vim apache2.yml #测试练习#
建立playbook ~/westos.yml要求如下:
建立大小为1500M名为/dev/vdb1的设备
如果/dev/vdb不存在请输入:
/dev/vdb is not exist
如果/dev/vdb大小不足1.5G请输出:
/dev/vdb is less then 1.5G
并建立800M大小的/dev/vdb1
此设备挂载到/westos上