FocusRequester 与 FocusManager
在 Compose 中,可以通过 FocusRequester
与 FocusManager
这两个对象可以主动在代码中控制焦点获取和取消焦点,其中FocusRequester
可以用来获取焦点,通过调用它的requestFocus()
方法来实现,而 FocusManager
可以用来取消焦点(以及移动焦点),通过调用它的clearFocus()
方法来实现。(不知道 Compose 官方的设计初衷是什么,这里为什么要搞两个对象。。)
@Composable
fun FocusControlExample() {
var text by remember {
mutableStateOf("") }
var hasFocus by remember {
mutableStateOf(false) }
val focusRequester = remember {
FocusRequester() }
val focusManager = LocalFocusManager.current
Column(horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally) {
TextField(
value = text,
onValueChange = {
text = it },
Modifier
.focusRequester(focusRequester) // 如果要代码中requestFocus()这句必须加,否则会报错
.onFocusChanged {
hasFocus = it.isFocused },
placeholder = {
Text("请输入...") },
textStyle = TextStyle(fontSize = 20.sp),
colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
backgroundColor = Color.Transparent // 修改输入框背景色
),
)
Button(
onClick = {
if (!hasFocus) {
// 必须先调用Modifier.focusRequester()绑定FocusRequester,否则报错
focusRequester.requestFocus() // 主动获取焦点
} else{
focusManager.clearFocus() // 主动清空焦点
}
}
) {
Text(if (!hasFocus) "Focus" else "UnFocus")
}
}
}
这里有一个非常重要的点需要注意:在调用 focusRequester.requestFocus()
之前必须保证已经调用Modifier.focusRequester()
为组件绑定过了FocusRequester
,否则将会导致应用崩溃。
另外这里使用了 Modifier.onFocusChanged
修饰符来获取焦点状态,它的lambda中可以获取到一个FocusState
参数,FocusState.isFocused
可以判断当前组件是否获取焦点,而FocusState.hasFocus
则可以判断是否包含获取焦点的child组件。
进入页面后输入框自动弹出软键盘
既然 focusRequester
可以主动获取焦点,对于TextField
组件,那么我们理所当然地可以在进入其Composable重组作用域时,就通过一个副作用Api来启动协程进行焦点获取,那么软键盘自然也就自动弹出了。
@Composable
fun AutoFocusExample() {
var text by remember {
mutableStateOf("") }
var hasFocus by remember {
mutableStateOf(false) }
val focusRequester = remember {
FocusRequester() }
LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
if (!hasFocus) focusRequester.requestFocus()
}
Column(horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally) {
TextField(
value = text,
onValueChange = {
text = it },
modifier = Modifier
.focusRequester(focusRequester)
.onFocusChanged {
hasFocus = it.isFocused },
textStyle = TextStyle(fontSize = 20.sp),
colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
backgroundColor = Color.Transparent
),
)
}
}
捕获焦点
研究了一下,在Compose中捕获焦点跟获取到焦点是两个概念,使用还是通过 focusRequester
的两个方法 captureFocus()
和 freeFocus()
,具体区别可以看下面代码与运行效果:
@Composable
fun CaptureFocusExample() {
Column(horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally) {
val focusRequester = remember {
FocusRequester() }
var text by remember {
mutableStateOf("") }
TextField(
value = text,
onValueChange = {
text = it },
placeholder = {
Text(text = "TextField1")},
modifier = Modifier.focusRequester(focusRequester),
textStyle = TextStyle(fontSize = 20.sp),
colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
backgroundColor = Color.Transparent
),
)
val focusRequester2 = remember {
FocusRequester() }
var value by remember {
mutableStateOf("") }
var borderColor by remember {
mutableStateOf(Color.Transparent) }
TextField(
value = value,
onValueChange = {
value = it.apply {
if (length > 5)
focusRequester2.captureFocus() //捕获焦点
else
focusRequester2.freeFocus() // 释放焦点
}
},
placeholder = {
Text(text = "TextField2")},
colors = TextFieldDefaults.textFieldColors(
backgroundColor = Color.Transparent
),
modifier = Modifier
.border(2.dp, borderColor)
.focusRequester(focusRequester2)
.onFocusChanged {
borderColor = if (it.isCaptured) Color.Red else Color.Transparent
}
)
val focusManager = LocalFocusManager.current
Button(onClick = {
focusManager.clearFocus() }) {
Text("clearFocus") }
Button(onClick = {
focusRequester.requestFocus() }) {
Text("TextField1 requestFocus") }
}
}
可以看到在捕获焦点以后,任何其他组件均不能获取焦点(包括clearFocus()
也不会起作用),直到当前组件调用freeFocus()
释放焦点。 相当于当前组件锁定了焦点模式。
这里为每个TextField
组件都绑定了一个 FocusRequester
对象,每个 FocusRequester
对象控制各自绑定的组件的焦点获取。而 FocusManager
使用一个就可以了,因此 FocusManager
的获取是通过 LocalFocusManager.current
它获取到的是一个范围内的单例。
通过 SoftwareKeyboardController 控制软键盘显示与隐藏
前面通过 FocusManager.clearFocus()
方法可以取消组件的焦点,对于TextField
组件,如果失去焦点,那么软键盘也会自动隐藏。这里 Compose 中还有另一种方式来专门控制键盘的显示与隐藏,就是通过SoftwareKeyboardController
来实现。
@OptIn(ExperimentalComposeUiApi::class, ExperimentalLayoutApi::class)
@Composable
fun KeyboardControllerExample() {
var text by remember {
mutableStateOf("") }
var hasFocus by remember {
mutableStateOf(false) }
val focusRequester = remember {
FocusRequester() }
val keyboardController = LocalSoftwareKeyboardController.current
val isImeVisible = WindowInsets.isImeVisible
Column(horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally) {
TextField(
value = text,
onValueChange = {
text = it },
Modifier
.