•基类对象与派生类对象之间存在赋值相容性。包括以下几种情况:
–
把派生类对象赋值给基类对象。
–
把派生类对象的地址赋值给基类指针。
–
用派生类对象初始化基类对象的引用。
•
反之则不行,即不能把基类对象赋值给派生类对象;不能把基类对象的地址赋值给派生类对象的指针;也不能把基类对象作为派生对象的引用。
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;class A {
int a;
public:
void setA(int x){ a=x; }
int getA(){ return a;}
};
class B:public A{
int b;
public:
void setB(int x){ b=x; }
int getB(){ return b;}
};
void f1(A a, int x){ a.setA(x); }
void f2(A *pA, int x){ pA->setA(x); }
void f3(A &rA, int x){ rA.setA(x); }
void main(){
A a1,*pA;
B b1,*pB;
a1.setA(1);
b1.setA(2);
a1=b1;
cout<<a1.getA()<<endl;
cout<<b1.getA()<<endl;
a1.setA(10);
cout<<a1.getA()<<endl;
cout<<b1.getA()<<endl;
pA=&b1;
pA->setA(20);
cout<<pA->getA()<<endl; cout<<b1.getA()<<endl; A &ra=b1;
ra.setA(30);
cout<<pA->getA()<<endl;
cout<<b1.getA()<<endl; b1.setA(7);
cout<<b1.getA()<<endl; f1(b1,100);
cout<<b1.getA()<<endl; f2(&b1,200);
cout<<b1.getA()<<endl; f3(b1,300);
cout<<b1.getA()<<endl; }