swift 制作动态壁纸(live)实况图

前言

我相信老铁们都是走在时代前沿的弄潮儿，那么为你们的爱机自定义一张动态壁纸，我想这应该是一个 Good idea😎，如下图便是我制作的动态壁纸。

制作动态壁纸

动态壁纸在iOS中其实就是用实况图设置锁屏壁纸，在锁频界面长按就会播放视频内容

什么是实况图？

• 百度释义：

苹果实况照片的意思是指动态照片Live Photos，它的作用是在照片拍摄前后录制一段1.5秒的“动态视频”，当用户在照片上深按一下，照片就会自动播放动态效果。

• 程序员视角：

一张jpg图片作为封面 + .mov 视频

如何制作实况图?

• 思路：

准备一张封面和一段.mov格式的视频，分别写入identifier，然后保存到系统相册，相册会通过identifier将它们绑定起来便成了我们看到的实况图

• 第一步 图片写入identifier

 func addAssetID(_ assetIdentifier: String, toImage imageURL: URL, saveTo destinationURL: URL) -> URL? {
        guard let imageDestination = CGImageDestinationCreateWithURL(destinationURL as CFURL, kUTTypeJPEG, 1, nil),
              let imageSource = CGImageSourceCreateWithURL(imageURL as CFURL, nil),
              let imageRef = CGImageSourceCreateImageAtIndex(imageSource, 0, nil),
                var imageProperties = CGImageSourceCopyPropertiesAtIndex(imageSource, 0, nil) as? [AnyHashable : Any] else { return nil }
        let assetIdentifierKey = "17"
        let assetIdentifierInfo = [assetIdentifierKey : assetIdentifier]
        imageProperties[kCGImagePropertyMakerAppleDictionary] = assetIdentifierInfo
        CGImageDestinationAddImage(imageDestination, imageRef, imageProperties as CFDictionary)
        CGImageDestinationFinalize(imageDestination)
        return destinationURL
    }

• 第二步 视频写入 identifier并且 输出.mov格式

   var audioReader: AVAssetReader?
    var videoReader: AVAssetReader?
    var assetWriter: AVAssetWriter?

    func addAssetID(_ assetIdentifier: String, toVideo videoURL: URL, saveTo destinationURL: URL, progress: @escaping (CGFloat) -> Void, completion: @escaping (URL?) -> Void) {

        var audioWriterInput: AVAssetWriterInput?
        var audioReaderOutput: AVAssetReaderOutput?
        let videoAsset = AVURLAsset(url: videoURL)
        let frameCount = videoAsset.countFrames(exact: false)
        guard let videoTrack = videoAsset.tracks(withMediaType: .video).first else {
            completion(nil)
            return
        }
        do {
            // Create the Asset Writer
            assetWriter = try AVAssetWriter(outputURL: destinationURL, fileType: .mov)
            // Create Video Reader Output
            videoReader = try AVAssetReader(asset: videoAsset)
            let videoReaderSettings = [kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey as String: NSNumber(value: kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA as UInt32)]
            let videoReaderOutput = AVAssetReaderTrackOutput(track: videoTrack, outputSettings: videoReaderSettings)
            videoReader?.add(videoReaderOutput)
            // Create Video Writer Input
            let videoWriterInput = AVAssetWriterInput(mediaType: .video, outputSettings: [AVVideoCodecKey : AVVideoCodecH264, AVVideoWidthKey : videoTrack.naturalSize.width, AVVideoHeightKey : videoTrack.naturalSize.height])
            videoWriterInput.transform = videoTrack.preferredTransform
            videoWriterInput.expectsMediaDataInRealTime = true
            assetWriter?.add(videoWriterInput)
            // Create Audio Reader Output & Writer Input
            if let audioTrack = videoAsset.tracks(withMediaType: .audio).first {
                do {
                    let _audioReader = try AVAssetReader(asset: videoAsset)
                    let _audioReaderOutput = AVAssetReaderTrackOutput(track: audioTrack, outputSettings: nil)
                    _audioReader.add(_audioReaderOutput)
                    audioReader = _audioReader
                    audioReaderOutput = _audioReaderOutput
                    let _audioWriterInput = AVAssetWriterInput(mediaType: .audio, outputSettings: nil)
                    _audioWriterInput.expectsMediaDataInRealTime = false
                    assetWriter?.add(_audioWriterInput)
                    audioWriterInput = _audioWriterInput
                } catch {
                    print(error)
                }
            }
            // Create necessary identifier metadata and still image time metadata
            let assetIdentifierMetadata = metadataForAssetID(assetIdentifier)
            let stillImageTimeMetadataAdapter = createMetadataAdaptorForStillImageTime()
            assetWriter?.metadata = [assetIdentifierMetadata]
            assetWriter?.add(stillImageTimeMetadataAdapter.assetWriterInput)
            // Start the Asset Writer
            assetWriter?.startWriting()
            assetWriter?.startSession(atSourceTime: CMTime.zero)
            // Add still image metadata
            let _stillImagePercent: Float = 0.5
            stillImageTimeMetadataAdapter.append(AVTimedMetadataGroup(items: [metadataItemForStillImageTime()],timeRange: videoAsset.makeStillImageTimeRange(percent: _stillImagePercent, inFrameCount: frameCount)))
            // For end of writing / progress
            var writingVideoFinished = false
            var writingAudioFinished = false
            var currentFrameCount = 0
            func didCompleteWriting() {
                guard writingAudioFinished && writingVideoFinished else { return }
                assetWriter?.finishWriting {
                    if self.assetWriter?.status == .completed {
                        completion(destinationURL)
                    } else {
                        completion(nil)
                    }
                }
            }
            // Start writing video
            if videoReader?.startReading() ?? false {
                videoWriterInput.requestMediaDataWhenReady(on: DispatchQueue(label: "videoWriterInputQueue")) {
                    while videoWriterInput.isReadyForMoreMediaData {
                        if let sampleBuffer = videoReaderOutput.copyNextSampleBuffer()  {
                            currentFrameCount += 1
                            let percent:CGFloat = CGFloat(currentFrameCount)/CGFloat(frameCount)
                            progress(percent)
                            if !videoWriterInput.append(sampleBuffer) {
                                print("Cannot write: \\(String(describing: self.assetWriter?.error?.localizedDescription))")
                                self.videoReader?.cancelReading()
                            }
                        } else {
                            videoWriterInput.markAsFinished()
                            writingVideoFinished = true
                            didCompleteWriting()
                        }
                    }
                }
            } else {
                writingVideoFinished = true
                didCompleteWriting()
            }
            // Start writing audio
            if audioReader?.startReading() ?? false {
                audioWriterInput?.requestMediaDataWhenReady(on: DispatchQueue(label: "audioWriterInputQueue")) {
                    while audioWriterInput?.isReadyForMoreMediaData ?? false {
                        guard let sampleBuffer = audioReaderOutput?.copyNextSampleBuffer() else {
                            audioWriterInput?.markAsFinished()
                            writingAudioFinished = true
                            didCompleteWriting()
                            return
                        }
                        audioWriterInput?.append(sampleBuffer)
                    }
                }
            } else {
                writingAudioFinished = true
                didCompleteWriting()
            }
        } catch {
            print(error)
            completion(nil)
        }
    }

    private func metadataForAssetID(_ assetIdentifier: String) -> AVMetadataItem {
        let item = AVMutableMetadataItem()
        let keyContentIdentifier =  "com.apple.quicktime.content.identifier"
        let keySpaceQuickTimeMetadata = "mdta"
        item.key = keyContentIdentifier as (NSCopying & NSObjectProtocol)?
        item.keySpace = AVMetadataKeySpace(rawValue: keySpaceQuickTimeMetadata)
        item.value = assetIdentifier as (NSCopying & NSObjectProtocol)?
        item.dataType = "com.apple.metadata.datatype.UTF-8"
        return item
    }

    private func createMetadataAdaptorForStillImageTime() -> AVAssetWriterInputMetadataAdaptor {
        let keyStillImageTime = "com.apple.quicktime.still-image-time"
        let keySpaceQuickTimeMetadata = "mdta"
        let spec : NSDictionary = [
            kCMMetadataFormatDescriptionMetadataSpecificationKey_Identifier as NSString:
            "\\(keySpaceQuickTimeMetadata)/\\(keyStillImageTime)",
            kCMMetadataFormatDescriptionMetadataSpecificationKey_DataType as NSString:
            "com.apple.metadata.datatype.int8"            ]
        var desc : CMFormatDescription? = nil
        CMMetadataFormatDescriptionCreateWithMetadataSpecifications(allocator: kCFAllocatorDefault, metadataType: kCMMetadataFormatType_Boxed, metadataSpecifications: [spec] as CFArray, formatDescriptionOut: &desc)
        let input = AVAssetWriterInput(mediaType: .metadata,
                                       outputSettings: nil, sourceFormatHint: desc)
        return AVAssetWriterInputMetadataAdaptor(assetWriterInput: input)
    }

    private func metadataItemForStillImageTime() -> AVMetadataItem {
        let item = AVMutableMetadataItem()
        let keyStillImageTime = "com.apple.quicktime.still-image-time"
        let keySpaceQuickTimeMetadata = "mdta"
        item.key = keyStillImageTime as (NSCopying & NSObjectProtocol)?
        item.keySpace = AVMetadataKeySpace(rawValue: keySpaceQuickTimeMetadata)
        item.value = 0 as (NSCopying & NSObjectProtocol)?
        item.dataType = "com.apple.metadata.datatype.int8"
        return item
    }

• 最后 保存实况图到相册

typealias LivePhotoResources = (pairedImage: URL, pairedVideo: URL)

  /// Save a Live Photo to the Photo Library by passing the paired image and video.
    public class func saveToLibrary(_ resources: LivePhotoResources, completion: @escaping (Bool) -> Void) {
        PHPhotoLibrary.shared().performChanges({
            let creationRequest = PHAssetCreationRequest.forAsset()
            let options = PHAssetResourceCreationOptions()
            creationRequest.addResource(with: PHAssetResourceType.pairedVideo, fileURL: resources.pairedVideo, options: options)
            creationRequest.addResource(with: PHAssetResourceType.photo, fileURL: resources.pairedImage, options: options)
        }, completionHandler: { (success, error) in
            if error != nil {
                print(error as Any)
            }
            completion(success)
        })
    }

看到这里，相信你已经可以制作出实况图了，快去让你的屏幕炫起来吧！

😂看大段代码确实打脑壳，那就来个demo吧！

SwiftLivePhoto-demo

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