【SpringBoot自动化部署】

SpringBoot自动化部署方法

使用Jenkins进行持续集成与部署

Jenkins是最常用的自动化部署工具之一，能够实现代码拉取、构建、测试和部署的全流程自动化。

配置Jenkins任务时，需要添加Git仓库地址和凭证，设置构建触发器（如GitHub Webhook）。在构建步骤中添加Maven或Gradle构建命令。

mvn clean package

在Post-build Actions中配置部署脚本，例如将生成的JAR包通过SSH传输到目标服务器并启动。

scp target/your-app.jar user@server:/path/to/deploy
ssh user@server "java -jar /path/to/deploy/your-app.jar"

使用Docker容器化部署

将SpringBoot应用打包为Docker镜像，可以简化环境配置和部署流程。创建Dockerfile：

FROM openjdk:17-jdk-slim
COPY target/your-app.jar app.jar
ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "/app.jar"]

构建并推送镜像到仓库：

docker build -t your-registry/your-app:latest .
docker push your-registry/your-app:latest

在目标服务器上运行容器：

docker pull your-registry/your-app:latest
docker run -d -p 8080:8080 your-registry/your-app:latest

使用GitHub Actions实现CI/CD

GitHub Actions提供内置的自动化工作流功能。在项目根目录创建.github/workflows/deploy.yml：

name: Deploy SpringBoot App
on: [push]
jobs:
  build-and-deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - name: Set up JDK
        uses: actions/setup-java@v2
        with:
          distribution: 'temurin'
          java-version: '17'
      - name: Build with Maven
        run: mvn clean package
      - name: Deploy to Server
        uses: appleboy/ssh-action@master
        with:
          host: ${{ secrets.SERVER_HOST }}
          username: ${{ secrets.SERVER_USER }}
          password: ${{ secrets.SERVER_PASSWORD }}
          script: |
            nohup java -jar /path/to/your-app.jar > log.txt 2>&1 &

使用Ansible进行配置管理

Ansible可以实现服务器配置的标准化和批量部署。创建playbook文件deploy.yml：

- hosts: all
  become: yes
  tasks:
    - name: Copy JAR file
      copy:
        src: target/your-app.jar
        dest: /opt/your-app/
    - name: Ensure Java is installed
      apt:
        name: openjdk-17-jdk
        state: present
    - name: Start application
      shell: |
        nohup java -jar /opt/your-app/your-app.jar > /var/log/your-app.log 2>&1 &

运行playbook：

ansible-playbook -i inventory.ini deploy.yml

Kubernetes集群部署

对于大规模部署，可以使用Kubernetes。创建Deployment和Service配置：

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: your-app
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: your-app
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: your-app
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: your-app
        image: your-registry/your-app:latest
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: your-app-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: your-app
  ports:
    - protocol: TCP
      port: 80
      targetPort: 8080
  type: LoadBalancer

应用配置到Kubernetes集群：

kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml