Centos7 中 python 开发环境准备

1. 首先需要下载 get-pip.py 到本地

$  wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
--2017-04-02 03:44:49--  https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
Resolving bootstrap.pypa.io (bootstrap.pypa.io)... 151.101.88.175
Connecting to bootstrap.pypa.io (bootstrap.pypa.io)|151.101.88.175|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1595408 (1.5M) [text/x-python]
Saving to: 'get-pip.py'

100%[=========================================================================>] 1,595,408    925KB/s   in 1.7s

2017-04-02 03:44:51 (925 KB/s) - 'get-pip.py' saved [1595408/1595408]


$ ll
total 1560
-rw-rw-r-- 1 vagrant vagrant 1595408 Nov  6 19:30 get-pip.py

2. 执行安装

这个脚本的安装，其实里边包含了 pip、setuptools、wheel、six等多个工具

$ sudo python get-pip.py
Collecting pip
  Downloading pip-9.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB)
    100% |################################| 1.3MB 208kB/s
Collecting setuptools
  Downloading setuptools-34.3.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (389kB)
    100% |################################| 399kB 1.1MB/s
Collecting wheel
  Downloading wheel-0.29.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (66kB)
    100% |################################| 71kB 2.0MB/s

......

Installing collected packages: pip, six, appdirs, pyparsing, packaging, setuptools, wheel
Successfully installed appdirs-1.4.3 packaging-16.8 pip-9.0.1 pyparsing-2.2.0 setuptools-34.3.3 six-1.10.0 wheel-0.29.0

3. 配置pip的国内豆瓣源

在用户家目录下创建 .pip目录

$ mkdir .pip

在 .pip 目录下添加 一个空的pip.conf文件，加入如下的内容：

#pip.conf
[global]
 index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple
 trusted-host = pypi.douban.com

4. 安装ipython

4.1 安装 ipython 依赖的C库 python-devel:

$ sudo yum install -y python-devel

4.2 使用pip安装ipython

$ sudo pip install ipython

5. 安装python虚拟环境 virtualenv 以及虚拟环境管理工具virtualenvwrapper

$ sudo pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper

接下来，找到virtualenvwrapperd的安装位置：

$  whereis virtualenvwrapper
virtualenvwrapper: /usr/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

将下面的语句添加到你的.bashrc或者.bash_profile中，避免每次打开新的shell都得手动执行：

source /usr/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

6. 创建 openstack M版虚拟开发环境：

$  mkvirtualenv mitaka
New python executable in /home/vagrant/.virtualenvs/mitaka/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/vagrant/.virtualenvs/mitaka/bin/predeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/vagrant/.virtualenvs/mitaka/bin/postdeactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/vagrant/.virtualenvs/mitaka/bin/preactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/vagrant/.virtualenvs/mitaka/bin/postactivate
virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /home/vagrant/.virtualenvs/mitaka/bin/get_env_details
(mitaka) $  ~

最后我们发现，它已经自动切换到名称为mitaka的虚拟环境中。
至此，环境准备完成。