Hibernate入门03_单向多对一

这里用一个顾客对应多个订单为例：

1、Customer.java

    /**客户-可以有多个 */
    public class Customer {
        private Integer customerId;
        private String customerName;
        //set/get...
    }

Customer.hbm.xml映射文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2017-3-25 18:05:11 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.hibernate.entities.n21.Customer" table="CUSTOMERS">
        <id name="customerId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="CUSTOMER_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="customerName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="CUSTOMER_NAME" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

2、Order.java，订单类

public class Order {
    private Integer orderId;
    private String orderName;
    private Customer customer;
    //set/get...
}

Order .hbm.xml映射文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2017-3-25 18:05:11 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping package="com.hibernate.entities.n21">
    <class name="Order" table="ORDERS">
        <id name="orderId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="ORDERID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="orderName" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="ORDER_NAME" />
        </property>
        <!-- 映射多对一的关联关系  使用多对一的关联关系 -->
        <many-to-one name="customer" class="Customer" column="CUSTOMER_ID"></many-to-one>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

3、hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>

    <!-- 配置链接数据库的基本信息 -->
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">root</property>
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate01</property>

        <!-- hibernate的基本信息 -->
        <!-- hibernate使用的数据库方言 -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
        <!-- 执行操作时是否在控制台打印sql语句 -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <!-- 是否对sql进行格式化 -->
        <property name="format_sql">true</property>
        <!-- 指定自动生成数据表的策略 -->
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <!-- 设置hibernate的隔离级别 -->
        <property name="connection.isolation">2</property>
        <!-- 删除对象后，设置其OID为null -->
        <property name="use_identifier_rollback">true</property>

        <!-- 配置C3P0数据源 -->
        <property name="c3p0.max_size">100</property>
        <property name="c3p0.min_size">5</property>
        <property name="c3p0.acquire_increment">2</property>
        <property name="c3p0.idle_test_period">2000</property>
        <property name="c3p0.timeout">2000</property>
        <property name="c3p0.max_statements">10</property>

        <!-- 设置JDBC的statement读取数据库的时候每次从数据库中读取记录条数，这个值100合适，太大会损耗内存，小了速度慢 -->
        <property name="jdbc.fetch_size">100</property>
        <!-- 设置数据库进行批量删除，更新，插入的时候批次的大小，30比较合适 -->
        <property name="jdbc.batch_size">30</property>



        <!-- 指定关联的hbm.xml文件 -->
        <mapping resource="com/hibernate/entities/n21/Order.hbm.xml"/>
        <mapping resource="com/hibernate/entities/n21/Customer.hbm.xml"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

4、Test

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.hibernate.entities.n21.Customer;
import com.hibernate.entities.n21.Order;

public class HibernateTest {
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    private Session session;
    private Transaction transaction;
    @Test
    public void testN21Save() {
        Customer customer = new Customer();
        customer.setCustomerName("BB");

        Order order1 = new Order();
        order1.setOrderName("Oyder3");
        order1.setCustomer(customer);

        Order order2 = new Order();
        order2.setOrderName("Oyder4");
        order2.setCustomer(customer);

        // 注意插入顺序先插入1的一端，在插入n的一端,会发生3条insert语句
        // session.save(customer);
        // session.save(order1);
        // session.save(order2);

        // 注意插入顺序，先插入n的一端，在插入1的一端,会发生3条insert语句，2条update语句，因为无法确定1的一端，所以会发生两条update语句，不推荐这样
        session.save(order1);
        session.save(order2);
        session.save(customer);

    }

    @Test
    public void testn21Update() {
        Order order = (Order) session.get(Order.class, 1);
        order.getCustomer().setCustomerName("AAA");

    }

    @Test
    public void testn21Delete() {
        Customer customer = (Customer) session.get(Customer.class, 1);
        // 在不设定级联关系的情况下，不能直接删除1这一端的对象，因为在其他表中有其外键引用
        session.delete(customer);

    }

    @Test
    public void testN21Get() {
        // 1.若查询多的一端的一个对象，默认情况下只查询对的一端的对象，而没有查询关联1的那一段的对象
        Order order = (Order) session.get(Order.class, 1);
        Customer customer = order.getCustomer();
        // 2.在需要使用到关联的对象时才去查询
        System.out.println(customer.getCustomerName());

    }

    @Before
    public void init() {
        System.out.println("HibernateTest.init()");

        // 1.创建一个sessionFactory对象
        Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
        ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(configuration.getProperties())
                .buildServiceRegistry();
        sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);

        // 2.创建一个session对象
        session = sessionFactory.openSession();

        // 3.开启事务
        transaction = session.beginTransaction();

    }

    @After
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("HibernateTest.destroy()");
        // 5.提交事务
        transaction.commit();
        // 6.关闭session
        session.close();
        // 7.关闭SessionFactory
        sessionFactory.close();

    }
}

5、备注：本博客适合有一定java基础，对数据库有一定认识的读者。不会做过多的文字描述，敬请原谅。本人也是新手，写博客当做笔记作分享，不喜勿喷，欢迎指教。