二维数组作为函数参数---- missing subscript 错误

出自 http://www.cplusplus.com/forum/beginner/75706/

To quote the C standard:

An incomplete type may only by used when the size of an object of that type is not needed. It is not  needed, for example, when a typedef name is declared to be a specifier for a structure or union, or  when a pointer to or a function returning a structure or union is being declared. (See incomplete types  in 6.2.5.) The specification has to be complete before such a function is called or defined.

6.2.5.22 goes on to say:

An array type of unknown size is an incomplete type. It is completed, for an identifier of  that type, by specifying the size in a later declaration (with internal or external linkage).

What does that mean?

It means that for:

void mat(int param[]);

the size is not needed. It can be treated as an array of int of unspecified size where the size isn't needed. Incrementing a pointer to the next element of the array means adding sizeof(int) to the pointer.

For:

void mat(int param[][]);

a 2D array (an array of int[]) is specified, but we don't know the size of int[]. In this case, the size is needed. We don't know how to increment the pointer to an int[].

For:

void mat(int param[][1]);

a 2D array (an array of int[1]) is specified. We know how to increment the pointer to the next element, it's sizeof(int) * 1.

Why all this? The background link I posted earlier talks about the history of the treatment of arrays.

编程中，经常需要将一个二维数组作为参数传递给一个函数。当二维数组的行列不确定时，编译会报错。

如果这样定义函数void fun(int matrix[][],int m,int n);则会提示error C2087: '' : missing subscript，因为二维数组作为函数的参数是，二维数组的列值必须确定。