804. Unique Morse Code Words

1，题目要求
International Morse Code defines a standard encoding where each letter is mapped to a series of dots and dashes, as follows: “a” maps to “.-“, “b” maps to “-…”, “c” maps to “-.-.”, and so on.


也就是说，每个字母都对应一个摩尔斯码。给定单词，将其转化为摩尔斯电码，然后看一共有几种不同的摩尔斯码。

2，题目思路
这是一道比较新的LeetCode的题目，同时也比较简单。整体思路就是直接转换，然后利用set（集合）容器的特性->自动排除重复元素，获得最后的答案。

3，程序源码

static vector<string> MORSE = {".-","-...","-.-.","-..",".","..-.","--.","....","..",".---","-.-",".-..","--","-.","---",".--.","--.-",".-.","...","-","..-","...-",".--","-..-","-.--","--.."};

class Solution {
public:
    int uniqueMorseRepresentations(vector<string>& words) {
        unordered_set<string> resSet;
        for(auto word : words)
        {
            string tmp = "";
            for(auto alp : word)
                tmp += MORSE[alp-'a'];
            resSet.insert(tmp);
        }
        return resSet.size();
    }
};

在C++的类定义内，static成员前的static意思是对一个变量的声明，而非定义。静态成员变量的初始化通常必须在类的定义外，即.cpp文件里而不是.h里。
也就是说，static不可以写在Solution内。