【OpenStack】编程实现对OpenStack的访问

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1. 使用novaclient访问Nova

#!/usr/bin/env python
import logging
import novaclient
from novaclient.v1_1 import client
# enable debug logging
logger = logging.getLogger('novaclient.client')
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
debug_stream = logging.StreamHandler()
logger.addHandler(debug_stream)
auth_url = 'http://182.168.61.21:5000/v2.0'
user = 'admin'
password = 'Galax8800'
project = 'admin'
region = 'RegionOne'
service = 'compute'

nova = client.Client(user, password, project, auth_url,
                    region_name=region, service_type=service)
results = nova.images.list(detailed=True)

for image in results:
    print image.id, image.name, image.status

输出：

root@openstack:~# python novatest.py 
d06482b4-beda-4f7e-b63f-deffc6e8072d winxp-mini ACTIVE
b1efe625-cb81-4754-a46d-6e00c13c9d05 Ubuntu 12.04 cloudimg amd64 ACTIVE
a0dbf801-e919-4cb5-be79-c8b9dbc2bbf1 cirros-0.3.0-x86_64 ACTIVE

2. 使用urllib2访问Keystone

import urllib2
import json

def get_keystone_token():
    """authenticate against keystone identity service
    returns an auth token, and the service url
    """
    user = 'admin'
    password = 'Galax8800'
    project = 'admin'
    auth_url = 'http://182.168.61.21:5000/v2.0/tokens'
    auth_request = urllib2.Request(auth_url)
    auth_request.add_header('Content-Type', 'application/json;charset=utf8')
    auth_request.add_header('Accept', 'application/json')
    auth_request.add_header('User-Agent', 'python-mikeyp')
    auth_data = {"auth":
                    {
                        "tenantName": project,
                        "passwordCredentials": {
                            "username": user,
                            "password": password}
                    }
                }
                
    auth_request.add_data(json.dumps(auth_data))
    auth_response = urllib2.urlopen(auth_request)
    response_data = json.loads(auth_response.read())
    
    token = response_data['access']['token']['id']
    service_list = response_data['access']['serviceCatalog']
    
    for s in service_list:
        if s['type'] == 'compute' and s['name'] == "'Compute Service'":
            break
    nova_url = s['endpoints'][0]['publicURL']
    
    return (token, nova_url)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    print get_keystone_token()

输出（G版的keystone中，token变长了……）：

root@openstack:~# python keystonetest.py 
(u'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-zCB-AIBATBcMFcxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMQ4wDAYDVQQIEwVVbnNldDEOMAwGA1UEBxMFVW5zZXQxDjAMBgNVBAoTBVVuc2V0MRgwFgYDVQQDEw93d3cuZXhhbXBsZS5jb20CAQEwBwYFKw4DAhowDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQAEgYAH+FJcMZzORMRyK3efj8VPa2XgArhBRLdwefmbleT3ntWOSDpaf-rYXd-klAVlqUQVcMzSuTnP17acCuE7KSsyYipyLUZ++t3IwYb2Z+MT0k1E9VxrVTbiJIw53AWQYBnILS29Qe0PAIuyenyT5cXEAUQ73WD2B3McOSJnPH0gjg==', u'http://182.168.61.50:8774/v2/0bfe6a094db14ab6859146b3ad04aa0b')

3. 使用urllib2通过Nova调用Glance

这里会用到上面调用Keystone的代码，因为要获取token。

#!/usr/bin/env python
import urllib2
import json

def get_keystone_token():
    """authenticate against keystone identity service
    returns an auth token, and the service url
    """
    user = 'admin'
    password = 'Galax8800'
    project = 'admin'
    auth_url = 'http://182.168.61.21:5000/v2.0/tokens'
    auth_request = urllib2.Request(auth_url)
    auth_request.add_header('Content-Type', 'application/json;charset=utf8')
    auth_request.add_header('Accept', 'application/json')
    auth_request.add_header('User-Agent', 'python-mikeyp')
    auth_data = {"auth":
                    {
                        "tenantName": project,
                        "passwordCredentials": {
                            "username": user,
                            "password": password}
                    }
                }
                
    auth_request.add_data(json.dumps(auth_data))
    auth_response = urllib2.urlopen(auth_request)
    response_data = json.loads(auth_response.read())
    
    token = response_data['access']['token']['id']
    service_list = response_data['access']['serviceCatalog']
    
    for s in service_list:
        if s['type'] == 'compute':
            service_url = s['endpoints'][0]['publicURL']
            break
    
    return (token, service_url)
    
token, service_url = get_keystone_token()
image_api = service_url + '/images/detail'
print image_api
images_request = urllib2.Request(image_api)
images_request.add_header('Content-Type', 'application/json;charset=utf8')
images_request.add_header('Accept', 'application/json')
images_request.add_header('User-Agent', 'python-mikeyp')
images_request.add_header('X-Auth-Token', token)
images_request.add_header('X-Auth-Project-Id', 'admin')
image_response = urllib2.urlopen(images_request)
image_data = json.loads(image_response.read())
print json.dumps(image_data, indent=4)

输出：

root@openstack:~# python glancetest.py 
http://182.168.61.50:8774/v2/0bfe6a094db14ab6859146b3ad04aa0b/images/detail
{
    "images": [
        {
            "status": "ACTIVE", 
            "updated": "2013-04-10T03:33:03Z", 
            "name": "winxp-mini", 
            "links": [
                {
                    "href": "http://182.168.61.50:8774/v2/0bfe6a094db14ab6859146b3ad04aa0b/images/d06482b4-beda-4f7e-b63f-deffc6e8072d", 
                    "rel": "self"
                }, 
                {
                    "href": "http://182.168.61.50:8774/0bfe6a094db14ab6859146b3ad04aa0b/images/d06482b4-beda-4f7e-b63f-deffc6e8072d", 
                    "rel": "bookmark"
                }, 
                {
                    "href": "http://182.168.61.21:9292/0bfe6a094db14ab6859146b3ad04aa0b/images/d06482b4-beda-4f7e-b63f-deffc6e8072d", 
                    "type": "application/vnd.openstack.image", 
                    "rel": "alternate"
                }
            ], 
            "created": "2013-04-10T03:32:48Z", 
            "minDisk": 0, 
            "progress": 100, 
            "minRam": 0, 
            "metadata": {}, 
            "id": "d06482b4-beda-4f7e-b63f-deffc6e8072d", 
            "OS-EXT-IMG-SIZE:size": 2147483648
        }, 
        {
            "status": "ACTIVE", 
            "updated": "2013-04-08T13:34:19Z", 
            "name": "Ubuntu 12.04 cloudimg amd64", 
            "links": [
                {
                    "href": "http://182.168.61.50:8774/v2/0bfe6a094db14ab6859146b3ad04aa0b/images/b1efe625-cb81-4754-a46d-6e00c13c9d05", 
                    "rel": "self"
                }, 
                {
                    "href": "http://182.168.61.50:8774/0bfe6a094db14ab6859146b3ad04aa0b/images/b1efe625-cb81-4754-a46d-6e00c13c9d05", 
                    "rel": "bookmark"
                }, 
                {
                    "href": "http://182.168.61.21:9292/0bfe6a094db14ab6859146b3ad04aa0b/images/b1efe625-cb81-4754-a46d-6e00c13c9d05", 
                    "type": "application/vnd.openstack.image", 
                    "rel": "alternate"
                }
            ], 
            "created": "2013-04-08T13:34:17Z", 
            "minDisk": 0, 
            "progress": 100, 
            "minRam": 0, 
            "metadata": {}, 
            "id": "b1efe625-cb81-4754-a46d-6e00c13c9d05", 
            "OS-EXT-IMG-SIZE:size": 213123072
        }, 
        {
            "status": "ACTIVE", 
            "updated": "2013-04-08T13:16:49Z", 
            "name": "cirros-0.3.0-x86_64", 
            "links": [
                {
                    "href": "http://182.168.61.50:8774/v2/0bfe6a094db14ab6859146b3ad04aa0b/images/a0dbf801-e919-4cb5-be79-c8b9dbc2bbf1", 
                    "rel": "self"
                }, 
                {
                    "href": "http://182.168.61.50:8774/0bfe6a094db14ab6859146b3ad04aa0b/images/a0dbf801-e919-4cb5-be79-c8b9dbc2bbf1", 
                    "rel": "bookmark"
                }, 
                {
                    "href": "http://182.168.61.21:9292/0bfe6a094db14ab6859146b3ad04aa0b/images/a0dbf801-e919-4cb5-be79-c8b9dbc2bbf1", 
                    "type": "application/vnd.openstack.image", 
                    "rel": "alternate"
                }
            ], 
            "created": "2013-04-08T13:16:48Z", 
            "minDisk": 0, 
            "progress": 100, 
            "minRam": 0, 
            "metadata": {}, 
            "id": "a0dbf801-e919-4cb5-be79-c8b9dbc2bbf1", 
            "OS-EXT-IMG-SIZE:size": 9159168
        }
    ]
}