设计模式-责任链模式

简介

责任链模式（Chain of Responsibility Pattern）为请求创建了一个接收者对象的链。这种模式给予请求的类型，对请求的发送者和接收者进行解耦。这种类型的设计模式属于行为型模式。

在这种模式中，通常每个接收者都包含对另一个接收者的引用。如果一个对象不能处理该请求，那么它会把相同的请求传给下一个接收者，依此类推。

实际应用场景

1、红楼梦中的"击鼓传花"。

2、JS 中的事件冒泡。

3、JAVA WEB 中 Apache Tomcat 对 Encoding 的处理，Struts2 的拦截器，jsp servlet 的 Filter

UML

代码实现

public abstract class AbsLogger {

    public static int debugger = 1;
    public static int info = 2;
    public static int error = 3;

    protected int level;
    private AbsLogger absLogger;

    public void setNextLogger(AbsLogger absLogger) {
        this.absLogger = absLogger;
    }

    public void logMsg(int level, String msg) {
        if (this.level <= level) {
            this.write(msg);
        }
        if (absLogger != null) {
            absLogger.logMsg(level, msg);
        }
    }

    protected abstract void write(String msg);

}

public class DebugLogger extends AbsLogger {

    public DebugLogger(int level) {
        this.level = level;
    }

    @Override
    protected void write(String msg) {
        System.out.println("DebugLogger::logger " + msg);
    }
}

public class ErrorLogger extends AbsLogger {

    public ErrorLogger(int level) {
        this.level = level;
    }

    @Override
    protected void write(String msg) {
        System.out.println("ErrorLogger::logger " + msg);
    }
}

public class InfoLogger extends AbsLogger {

    public InfoLogger(int level) {
        this.level = level;
    }

    @Override
    protected void write(String msg) {
        System.out.println("InfoLogger::logger " + msg);
    }
}

public class Main {

    public static AbsLogger getChainOfLoggers(){
        DebugLogger debugLogger = new DebugLogger(AbsLogger.debugger);
        InfoLogger infoLogger = new InfoLogger(AbsLogger.info);
        ErrorLogger errorLogger = new ErrorLogger(AbsLogger.error);

        debugLogger.setNextLogger(infoLogger);
        infoLogger.setNextLogger(errorLogger);
        return debugLogger;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AbsLogger chain = getChainOfLoggers();
//        chain.logMsg(AbsLogger.debugger,"我是 debugger...");
//        chain.logMsg(AbsLogger.info,"我是 info...");
        chain.logMsg(AbsLogger.error,"我是 error...");
    }
}

测试