前面几章实现了在RMS系统中进行数据的增删查改以及通过Excel批量导入。但仍有遗留的问题,比如在新增或编辑时,怪物的生命值、护甲等数据我们可以输入负值,这种数据是不合理且没有意义的。本章我们就实现服务端对参数的校验。
一、添加依赖项
在rms模块的pom.xml中,添加校验组件的依赖项(注意:之前的组件我们都引用了最新版本。但因hibernate-validator的最新版本6.xx+中引用的el-api.jar有冲突,无法用maven插件启动,所以这里使用5.1.1版本):
<!-- 参数校验 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
这个组件本身提供了一些注解,@NotNull , @NotBlank, @Min等等,来对模型进行校验,但错误提示不够好,默认通用的错误提示无法明确知道是哪个字段报错。如果为每个字段添加一个提示语,又非常繁琐,所以我们这里稍加改动,在util模块做一个通用的校验工具包。
在util模块的pom.xml中添加依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1.Final</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
二、添加自定义注解及提示信息
以非空校验为例,在util模块中新建包com.idlewow.util.validation.annotaion,在此包下新建一个注解类NotBlank.java如下:
package com.idlewow.util.validation.annotation;
import com.idlewow.util.validation.validator.NotBlankValidator;
import javax.validation.Constraint;
import javax.validation.Payload;
import javax.validation.ReportAsSingleViolation;
import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
@Documented
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE, ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR, ElementType.PARAMETER})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@ReportAsSingleViolation
@Constraint(validatedBy = NotBlankValidator.class)
@NotNull
public @interface NotBlank {
String field() default "";
String message() default "{field.not.blank.message}";
Class<?>[] groups() default {};
Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE, ElementType.CONSTRUCTOR, ElementType.PARAMETER})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@interface List {
NotBlank[] value();
}
}
注解有了,还需要一个对应的检验器,新建包com.idlewow.util.validation.validator,并在此包下新建类NotBlankValidator如下:
package com.idlewow.util.validation.validator;
import com.idlewow.util.validation.annotation.NotBlank;
import javax.validation.ConstraintValidator;
import javax.validation.ConstraintValidatorContext;
public class NotBlankValidator implements ConstraintValidator<NotBlank, CharSequence> {
public NotBlankValidator() {
}
public void initialize(NotBlank annotation) {
}
@Override
public boolean isValid(CharSequence charSequence, ConstraintValidatorContext constraintValidatorContext) {
if (charSequence == null) {
return false;
} else {
return charSequence.toString().trim().length() > 0;
}
}
}
另外,在对模型进行校验时,不同场景下的需求不同。比如,在新增时,因为主键由数据库自增,无需添加主键;编辑时,则必须指定主键ID,对其进行非空校验。因此,我们在com.idlewow.util.validation包下在新建一个对校验分组的类ValidateGroup:
package com.idlewow.util.validation;
import javax.validation.groups.Default;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class ValidateGroup implements Serializable {
public interface Create extends Default {
}
public interface Update extends Default {
}
}
最后,我们在util模块的resource资源目录下添加提示信息的资源文件ValidationMessages.properties,
#common invalid message
field.not.blank.message={field}不能为空
field.not.null.message={field}不能为NULL
field.size.message={field}的长度应为{min}至{max}之间
field.min.message={field}不能小于{value}
field.max.message={field}不能大于{value}
field.range.message={field}的大小应为{min}至{max}之间
field.positive.message={field}必须是正数
field.negative.message={field}必须是负数
三、参数校验注解的使用
首先,我们需要在需要校验的模型上加上注解,此处以怪物模型为例:
package com.idlewow.mob.model;
import com.idlewow.common.model.BaseModel;
import com.idlewow.util.validation.annotation.NotBlank;
import com.idlewow.util.validation.annotation.NotNull;
import com.idlewow.util.validation.annotation.Positive;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import java.io.Serializable;
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
public class MapMob extends BaseModel implements Serializable {
@NotBlank(field = "主键id", groups = ValidateGroup.Update.class)
private String id;
@NotBlank(field = "怪物名称")
private String name;
@NotBlank(field = "地图id")
private String mapId;
@NotBlank(field = "地图名称")
private String mapName;
@NotNull(field = "阵营")
private Integer faction;
@NotNull(field = "怪物种类")
private Integer mobClass;
@NotNull(field = "怪物类型")
private Integer mobType;
@Positive(field = "等级")
private Integer level;
@Positive(field = "生命值")
private Integer hp;
@Positive(field = "伤害")
private Integer damage;
@Positive(field = "护甲")
private Integer amour;
}
模型注解添加完毕,我们在BaseController中添加一个通用的校验方法,方便在各个Controller中调用:
public abstract class BaseController {
......
......
@Autowired
protected Validator validator;
......
......
protected CommonResult validate(Object object, Class... classes) {
Set<ConstraintViolation<Object>> set = validator.validate(object, classes);
if (set != null && set.size() > 0) {
ConstraintViolation constraintViolation = set.iterator().next();
return CommonResult.fail(constraintViolation.getMessage());
}
return CommonResult.success();
}
}
在MapMobController的新增和编辑方法中,添加校验逻辑,
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/manage/map_mob")
public class MapMobController extends BaseController {
……
……
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Object add(@RequestBody MapMob mapMob) {
try {
CommonResult commonResult = this.validate(mapMob, ValidateGroup.Create.class);
if (!commonResult.isSuccess())
return commonResult;
mapMob.setCreateUser(this.currentUserName());
mapMobManager.insert(mapMob);
return CommonResult.success();
} catch (Exception ex) {
logger.error(ex.getMessage(), ex);
return CommonResult.fail();
}
}
……
……
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/edit/{id}", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Object edit(@PathVariable String id, @RequestBody MapMob mapMob) {
try {
if (!id.equals(mapMob.getId())) {
return CommonResult.fail("id不一致");
}
CommonResult commonResult = this.validate(mapMob, ValidateGroup.Update.class);
if (!commonResult.isSuccess())
return commonResult;
mapMob.setUpdateUser(this.currentUserName());
mapMobManager.update(mapMob);
return CommonResult.success();
} catch (Exception ex) {
logger.error(ex.getMessage(), ex);
return CommonResult.fail();
}
}
}
四、运行效果
小结
本章实现了对请求参数的后台校验,当然也可以在前端提前进行校验,但后端的校验一般必不可少。
源码下载地址:https://idlestudio.ctfile.com/fs/14960372-384755438
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