如何实现Android应用的启动画面(闪屏)?

     Android的启动画面通常用来显示用户的某种形式的进度，在应用程序加载完全之前。有些人使用应用程序的启动动画，只是为了在几秒钟内显示其程序应用和公司的LOGO。不幸的是，和IOS相比，在Android中，我们没有任何内在的机制来显示启动画面。在本教程中，我们将学习如何实现Android应用程序的闪屏。

启动画面的应用场景

启动画面的目的，取决于应用程序的要求。在本教程中，我将讲解实现闪屏的两种实现场景。第一个是使用Timer来显示启动画面，第二个是在进行网络HTTP调用这需要一些时间来获取所需的信息时显示启动画面。这两个教程都是一样的，除了闪屏活动。为了实现闪屏,我们要创建一个单独Activity,一旦这个Activity关闭,我们就启动我们的主Activity.所以首先让我们创建一个新的项目.

1.使用Timer的Android启动画面

1)首先为启动画面创建一个单独的Activity,在新建的项目里新建一个类,命名为SplashScreen.Java.

2)打开你的AndroidManifest.xml文件,让SplashScreen Activity作为启动的Activity.

<!-- Splash screen -->
     <activity
         android:name="com.androidsplashscreentimer.SplashScreen"
         android:label="@string/app_name"
         android:screenOrientation="portrait"
         android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Black.NoTitleBar" >
         <intent-filter>
             <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

             <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
         </intent-filter>
     </activity>
      
     <!-- Main activity -->
     <activity
         android:name="com.androidsplashscreentimer.MainActivity"
         android:label="@string/app_name" >
     </activity>

3)为SplashScreen在res目录下创建一个layout文件,命名为activity_splash.xml,这个Layout只包含你的应用LOGO和公司LOGO.

activity_splash.xml
	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
	<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
	    android:layout_width="match_parent"
	    android:layout_height="match_parent"
	    android:background="@drawable/gradient_background" >
	 
	    <ImageView
	        android:id="@+id/imgLogo"
	        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
	        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
	        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
	        android:src="@drawable/wwe_logo" />
	 
	    <TextView
	        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
	        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
	        android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"
	        android:textSize="12dp"
	        android:textColor="#454545"
	        android:gravity="center_horizontal"
	        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" />
	 
	</RelativeLayout>

4)在SplashScreen.Java Activity中添加以下代码,在下面的代码中Handler被用于等待特定的时间,一旦timer时间用完,我们就启动主Activity.

SplashScreen.java
	package com.androidsplashscreentimer;
	 
	import android.app.Activity;
	import android.content.Intent;
	import android.os.Bundle;
	import android.os.Handler;
	 
	public class SplashScreen extends Activity {
	 
	    // Splash screen timer
	    private static int SPLASH_TIME_OUT = 3000;
	 
	    @Override
	    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
	        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
	        setContentView(R.layout.activity_splash);
	 
	        new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
	 
	            /*
	             * Showing splash screen with a timer. This will be useful when you
	             * want to show case your app logo / company
	             */
	 
	            @Override
	            public void run() {
	                // This method will be executed once the timer is over
	                // Start your app main activity
	                Intent i = new Intent(SplashScreen.this, MainActivity.class);
	                startActivity(i);
	 
	                // close this activity
	                finish();
	            }
	        }, SPLASH_TIME_OUT);
	    }
	 
	} 

5)启动这个程序,你将会看到3s的闪屏,而且之后你的主Activity也会被启动.

接下来是第二个场景,我们的应用程序在进入主Activity之前会进行一些网络请求.在这里所有的步骤都与之前相同,除了SplashScreen.Java的代码.在SplashScreen.Java的onCreat()方法中我将使用Asynctask方法请求网络获取需要的信息.一旦网络请求终止,就在onPostExecute()方法中启动主Activity.

2.进行网络请求时的Android闪屏

1)依照上面的步骤创建SplashScreen.Java类.

2)在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加 INTERNET 权限.     

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

3)在SplashScreen.Java中添加AsyncTask方法请求网络.在本教程中将通过HTTP调用来获取JSON并用log形式显示在屏幕.获取Json数据之后通过Intent传值到MainActivity中.

    

SplashScreen.java
package info.androidhive.androidsplashscreentimer;
 
import info.androidhive.androidsplashscreennetwork.R;
import info.androidhive.network.JsonParser;
 
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
 
public class SplashScreen extends Activity {
 
    String now_playing, earned;
 
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_splash);
 
        /**
         * Showing splashscreen while making network calls to download necessary
         * data before launching the app Will use AsyncTask to make http call
         */
        new PrefetchData().execute();
 
    }
 
    /**
     * Async Task to make http call
     */
    private class PrefetchData extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {
 
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
            // before making http calls         
 
        }
 
        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... arg0) {
            /*
             * Will make http call here This call will download required data
             * before launching the app 
             * example: 
             * 1. Downloading and storing in SQLite 
             * 2. Downloading images 
             * 3. Fetching and parsing the xml / json 
             * 4. Sending device information to server 
             * 5. etc.,
             */
            JsonParser jsonParser = new JsonParser();
            String json = jsonParser
                    .getJSONFromUrl("http://api.androidhive.info/game/game_stats.json");
 
            Log.e("Response: ", "> " + json);
 
            if (json != null) {
                try {
                    JSONObject jObj = new JSONObject(json)
                            .getJSONObject("game_stat");
                    now_playing = jObj.getString("now_playing");
                    earned = jObj.getString("earned");
 
                    Log.e("JSON", "> " + now_playing + earned);
 
                } catch (JSONException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
 
            }
 
            return null;
        }
 
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Void result) {
            super.onPostExecute(result);
            // After completing http call
            // will close this activity and lauch main activity
            Intent i = new Intent(SplashScreen.this, MainActivity.class);
            i.putExtra("now_playing", now_playing);
            i.putExtra("earned", earned);
            startActivity(i);
 
            // close this activity
            finish();
        }
 
    }
 
}

MainActivity.java
	package com.androidsplashscreentimer;
	 
	import com.androidsplashscreennetwork.R;
	import android.app.Activity;
	import android.content.Intent;
	import android.os.Bundle;
	import android.view.View;
	import android.widget.LinearLayout;
	import android.widget.TextView;
	 
	public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	 
	    LinearLayout llStats;
	    TextView txtPlayCount, txtEarned;
	 
	    @Override
	    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
	        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
	        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
	 
	        llStats = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.llStats);
	        txtPlayCount = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtNowPlaying);
	        txtEarned = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtEarned);
	 
	        // layout background transparent
	        llStats.getBackground().setAlpha(150);
	        llStats.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
	 
	        Intent i = getIntent();
	        String now_playing = i.getStringExtra("now_playing");
	        String earned = i.getStringExtra("earned");
	 
	        // Diplaying the text
	        txtPlayCount.setText(now_playing);
	        txtEarned.setText(earned);
	    }
	}