H264 AVCC 格式转 ANNEX B格式

概述

有很多封装格式的H264码流采用的是AVCC格式。有些硬件编码器仅支持ANNEX B格式的H264码流，因此就需要做一次中转，本示例主要展示如何转换。

代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>

#define NALU_TYPE_SLICE 1
#define NALU_TYPE_DPA 2
#define NALU_TYPE_DPB 3
#define NALU_TYPE_DPC 4
#define NALU_TYPE_IDR 5
#define NALU_TYPE_SEI 6
#define NALU_TYPE_SPS 7
#define NALU_TYPE_PPS 8
#define NALU_TYPE_AUD 9
#define NALU_TYPE_EOSEQ 10
#define NALU_TYPE_EOSTREAM 11
#define NALU_TYPE_FILL 12

/*
H264帧由NALU头和NALU主体组成。
NALU头由一个字节组成,它的语法如下:

  +---------------+
  |0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|
  +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  |F|NRI|  Type   |
  +---------------+

F: 1个比特.
  forbidden_zero_bit. 在 H.264 规范中规定了这一位必须为 0.

NRI: 2个比特.
  nal_ref_idc. 取00~11,似乎指示这个NALU的重要性,
  如00的NALU解码器可以丢弃它而不影响图像的回放,0～3,
  取值越大，表示当前NAL越重要，需要优先受到保护.
  如果当前NAL是属于参考帧的片，或是序列参数集，
  或是图像参数集这些重要的单位时，本句法元素必需大于0。

Type: 5个比特.
  nal_unit_type. 这个NALU单元的类型,1～12由H.264使用，
  24～31由H.264以外的应用使用.
 */
typedef struct {
	uint8_t nal_type:5;
	uint8_t nal_ref_idc:2;
	uint8_t forbidden_zero_bit:1;
} H264Hdr;

int parase_nalu_hdr(uint8_t *nal_hdr, int nal_len) {
	const char *type_str = NULL;
	H264Hdr *hdr = (H264Hdr *)nal_hdr;
	printf("### DUMP nalu hdr(hdr:0x%02x, len=%d):\n",*nal_hdr, nal_len);
	printf("forbidden_zero_bit:%d\n", hdr->forbidden_zero_bit);
	printf("nal_ref_idc:%d\n", hdr->nal_ref_idc);
	switch (hdr->nal_type) {
		case NALU_TYPE_SLICE:
			type_str = "P/B Slice";
			break;
		case NALU_TYPE_AUD:
			type_str = "AUD Slice";
			break;
		case NALU_TYPE_DPA:
			type_str = "DPA Slice";
			break;
		case NALU_TYPE_DPB:
			type_str = "DPB Slice";
			break;
		case NALU_TYPE_DPC:
			type_str = "DPC Slice";
			break;
		case NALU_TYPE_EOSEQ:
			type_str = "EOS seq Slice";
			break;
		case NALU_TYPE_EOSTREAM:
			type_str = "EOS stream Slice";
			break;
		case NALU_TYPE_FILL:
			type_str = "FILL Slice";
			break;
		case NALU_TYPE_IDR:
			type_str = "IDR Slice";
			break;
		case NALU_TYPE_PPS:
			type_str = "PPS Slice";
			break;
		case NALU_TYPE_SPS:
			type_str = "SPS Slice";
			break;
		case NALU_TYPE_SEI:
			type_str = "SEI Slice";
			break;
		default:
			type_str = "Unknow Slice";
			printf("Warn: nal type:%d\n", hdr->nal_type);
			break;
	}
	printf("nal_type:%s\n", type_str);
	return 0;
}

/*
 bits:  
	8   version ( always 0x01 )
	8   avc profile ( sps[0][1] )
	8   avc compatibility ( sps[0][2] )
	8   avc level ( sps[0][3] )
	6   reserved ( all bits on )
	2   NALULengthSizeMinusOne  // 这个值是（前缀长度-1），值如果是3，那前缀就是4，因为4-1=3
	3   reserved ( all bits on )
	5   number of SPS NALUs (usually 1)
repeated once per SPS:
	16     SPS size
	variable   SPS NALU data
	8   number of PPS NALUs (usually 1)
repeated once per PPS
	16    PPS size
	variable PPS NALU data
 */

typedef struct {
	uint8_t version;
	uint8_t avc_profile;
	uint8_t avc_compatibility;
	uint8_t avc_level;
	uint8_t reserved0:6;
	uint8_t nalu_len:2;
} AvccExtraHdr;

#define SPS_CNT_MASK 0x1F

int parase_avcc_extra(char *buff, int size) {
	uint8_t sps_cnt;
	uint16_t sps_size;
	uint8_t pps_cnt;
	uint16_t pps_size;
	uint8_t *offset = NULL;
	uint8_t extra_to_anexb[1024] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00};

	if (!buff || (size < 7))
		return -1;

	AvccExtraHdr *hdr = (AvccExtraHdr *)buff;
	printf("version:0x%02x\n", hdr->version);
	printf("avc_profile:0x%02x\n", hdr->avc_profile);
	printf("avc_compatibility:0x%02x\n", hdr->avc_compatibility);
	printf("avc_level:0x%02x\n", hdr->avc_level);
	printf("reserved0:0x%02x\n", hdr->reserved0);
	printf("nalu_len:0x%02x\n", hdr->nalu_len);

	FILE *file_out = fopen("annexb.h264", "wb");
	if (!file_out) {
		printf("ERROR: open annexb.h264 failed!\n");
		return -1;
	}
	fseek(file_out, 0, SEEK_SET);

	offset = (uint8_t *)buff + sizeof(AvccExtraHdr);
	sps_cnt = *offset & SPS_CNT_MASK;
	offset++;
	printf("sps_cnt:%d\n", sps_cnt);
	for (int i = 0; i < sps_cnt; i++) {
		// 网络字节序转为主机字节序
		sps_size = ntohs(*((uint16_t *)offset));
		offset += 2;
		printf("+++ FLC-DBG: write anexb hdr to annexb.h264...\n");
		fwrite(extra_to_anexb, 1, 4, file_out);
		printf("+++ FLC-DBG: write sps:0x%02x to annexb.h264...\n", *offset);
		fwrite(offset, 1, sps_size, file_out);
		printf("[%d] sps_size:%d, sps_data:", i, sps_size);
		for (int j = 0; j < sps_size; j++)
			printf("0x%02x ", *(offset++));
		printf("\n");
	}
	pps_cnt = *(offset++);
	printf("pps_cnt:%d\n", pps_cnt);
	for (int i = 0; i < sps_cnt; i++) {
		// 网络字节序转为主机字节序
		pps_size = ntohs(*((uint16_t *)offset));
		offset += 2;
		printf("+++ FLC-DBG: write anexb hdr to annexb.h264...\n");
		fwrite(extra_to_anexb, 1, 4, file_out);
		printf("+++ FLC-DBG: write sps:0x%02x to annexb.h264...\n", *offset);
		fwrite(offset, 1, pps_size, file_out);
		printf("[%d] pps_size:%d, pps_data:", i, pps_size);
		for (int j = 0; j < pps_size; j++)
			printf("0x%02x ", *(offset++));
		printf("\n");
	}

	fclose(file_out);

	return 0;
}

#define PARASE_MODE_EXTRA 1
#define PARASE_MODE_STREAM 2

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
	int mode = 0;
	if (argc < 3) {
		printf("ERROR: Invalid args\n");
		printf("Usage: \n\t1.%s -extra avcc_extra.bin\n", argv[0]);
		printf("\t2.%s -stream avcc_stream.bin\n", argv[0]);
		return -1;
	}

	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-extra"))
		mode = PARASE_MODE_EXTRA;
	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-stream"))
		mode = PARASE_MODE_STREAM;
	else {
		printf("ERROR: Mode invalid\n");
		return -1;
	}

	printf("# InFile:%s\n", argv[2]);
	FILE *file = fopen(argv[2], "r");
	if (!file) {
		printf("ERROR: open %s failed!\n", argv[2]);
		return -1;
	}

	fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
	int flen = ftell(file);
	if (flen <= 0) {
		printf("ERROR: file length invalid! flen:%d\n", flen);
		fclose(file);
		return -1;
	}

	uint8_t *buffer = (uint8_t *)malloc(flen + 1);
	if (!buffer) {
		printf("ERROR: malloc %d Bytes failed!\n", flen);
		fclose(file);
		return -1;
	}

	fseek(file, 0, SEEK_SET);
	int ret = fread(buffer, 1, flen, file);
	if (ret <= 0) {
		printf("ERROR: read file %d Bytes error!\n", flen);
		fclose(file);
		free(buffer);
		return -1;
	}
	fclose(file);

	if (mode == PARASE_MODE_EXTRA) {
		printf("#### PARASE AVCC EXTRA DATA ####\n");
		ret = parase_avcc_extra(buffer, ret);
		if (ret < 0)
			printf("ERROR: parase avcc data failed!\n");
	} else {
		printf("#### PARASE AVCC STREAM ####\n");
		// 解析avcc h264码流，长度默认：4字节，可根据extra data的nalu_len来计算。
		int offset = 0;
		int nal_len = 0;
		while (offset < flen) {
			nal_len = ntohl(*((uint32_t *)(buffer + offset)));
			// 将avcc的4字节长度转换为annex b的“00 00 00 01”分隔符。
			*(buffer + offset) = 0;
			*(buffer + offset + 1) = 0;
			*(buffer + offset + 2) = 0;
			*(buffer + offset + 3) = 1;
			offset += 4;
			parase_nalu_hdr((uint8_t *)(buffer + offset), nal_len);
			offset += nal_len;
		}
		// 追加形式打开文件，保存转换后的Stream。
		FILE *file_out = fopen("annexb.h264", "a+");
		if (!file_out) {
			printf("ERROR: open annexb.h264 failed!\n");
			fclose(file);
			free(buffer);
			return -1;
		}

		fwrite(buffer, 1, flen, file_out);
		fclose(file_out);
	}

	free(buffer);
	return ret;
}

用法

1、先从extra信息中解析出sps跟pps。

./main -extra avcc_extradata.bin

2、转换avcc的码流为annex B格式。

./main -stream avcc_stream.bin

完整资源包下载

https://download.csdn.net/download/lyy901135/12347498