《鸟哥的Linux私房菜》之管道命令的使用

1、cut
    -d 按照其后面的字符串分割
    -f 分割后取哪一个位置的分割项
    -c 按照字符分割后取哪一个位置到哪一个位置

echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/soft/jdk1.8.0_144/bin:/root/soft/hadoop-2.7.2/bin:/root/soft/hadoop-2.7.2/sbin:/root/bin


echo $PATH | cut -d ':' -f2
/usr/local/bin
按照:分割后取第二项（shell的下标从1开始）


echo $PATH | cut -c 5-
/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/soft/jdk1.8.0_144/bin:/root/soft/hadoop-2.7.2/bin:/root/soft/hadoop-2.7.2/sbin:/root/bin
按照字符分割后取第5位及其后面的字符

echo $PATH | cut -c 5-10
/local
按照字符分割后取5，6,7,8,9,10位

2、grep
grep [-acinv] '' filename
-c 计算出待搜寻字符串出现的次数
-i 忽略大小写
-n 顺便输出行号
-v 反向选择

    [root@localhost ~]# cat 1.txt 
    aaaaaaaaaaa
    AAAAAA
    bbbb
    bbb
    ccccccc
    ddddddddd
    eeeeeeeeee
    ffffffffffff
    ggggggggg
    GGGGGGGG

[root@localhost ~]# grep -c 'a' 1.txt 
1
[root@localhost ~]# grep -ic 'a' 1.txt 
2

3、sort
sort [-fbMnrtuk] [file or stdin]
[root@localhost ~]# cat 1.txt | sort -t ':' -k 2
ffffffffffff:1
AAAAAA:10000
bbbb:2
GGGGGGGG:22
bbb:33
ccccccc:4
ggggggggg:4
vvvv:7
eeeeeeeeee:9
ddddddddd:90
xxxx:98
aaaaaaaaaaa:99
[root@localhost ~]# cat 1.txt | sort -t ':' -k 2 -c

[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# cat 1.txt | sort -t ':' -k 2 -n
ffffffffffff:1
bbbb:2
ccccccc:4
ggggggggg:4
vvvv:7
eeeeeeeeee:9
GGGGGGGG:22
bbb:33
ddddddddd:90
xxxx:98
aaaaaaaaaaa:99
AAAAAA:10000