JDK的AES加密异常java.security.InvalidKeyException: Illegal key size 的解决方法（已解决）

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已于 2022-09-07 01:08:37 修改

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文章标签： java 开发语言

于 2022-09-01 10:45:28 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lz65169317/article/details/126637852

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背景：在集成钉钉或者企微API时回调接口需要使用32位长（258bit）密钥解密服务器回传的加密信息，在代码执行至cipher.init(2, keySpec, iv)时报java.security.InvalidKeyException: Illegal key size错误。

原因：JDK受版本安全限制，默认只允许128位长度以内的。秘钥长度，如果密钥大于128, 会抛出java.security.InvalidKeyException: Illegal key size 异常. java运行时环境默认读到的是受限的policy文件. 文件位于${java_home}/jre/lib/security, 这种限制是因为美国对软件出口的控制所造成的的.JDK1.8之后已经兼容了该问题。

跟踪代码：

Cipher#passCryptoPermCheck().engineGetKeySize()

取当AES编码传入的aesKey的长度*8为一个编码长度单元，笔者使用的企微的AES编码长度为32位，即一个编码存储长度为32*8 =256个bit。

JDK的AES默认加密限制长度是128bit，即使用16字节的长度进行分组加密密文填充

javax.crypto.CryptoPermissions@db743bc (
(CryptoPermission RC2 128 , effective 128)
(CryptoPermission RSA 2147483647)
(CryptoPermission RC4 128)
(CryptoPermission DES 64)
(CryptoPermission RC5 128 , rounds 12)
(CryptoPermission DESEDE 2147483647)
(CryptoPermission * 128)
)

所以，当前机器的加密编码的加密键为4个byte的编码格式。

故在长度校验的时候会报异常。

解决方案：去官方下载JCE无限制权限策略文件。

解决方案：

1，升级不受限制JDK版本

升级JDK9级以上版本，未测试

2，替换JDK受限文件级配置

JDK7的下载地址: Java Cryptography Extension (JCE) Unlimited Strength Jurisdiction Policy Files 7 Download
JDK8的下载地址: JCE Unlimited Strength Jurisdiction Policy Files for JDK/JRE 8 Download
下载后解压，可以看到local_policy.jar和US_export_policy.jar以及readme.txt
如果安装了JRE，将两个jar文件放到%JRE_HOME%\lib\security目录下覆盖原来的文件
如果安装了JDK，还要将两个jar文件也放到%JDK_HOME%\jre\lib\security目录下覆盖原来文件

3，JDK1.8 代码策略修改

JDK1.8 已经支持不受限的jar，但配置默认是受限的

修改代码配置，在加密之前，修改不受限配置.

WXBizMsgCrypt wxcpt = createWXBizMsgCrypt(suiteId, getCorpId(postData), false);
Security.setProperty("crypto.policy", "unlimited");
sMsg = wxcpt.decryptMsg(msgSignature, timestamp, nonce, postData);

Security.setProperty("crypto.policy", "unlimited"); 本方案已测试

4，自定义加密封装

1，代码去除限制算法

参考博客https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39265427/article/details/106505502

package com.service;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.Permission;
import java.security.PermissionCollection;
import java.util.Map;

public class JCEUtil {
    private static void removeCryptographyRestrictions() {
        if (!isRestrictedCryptography()) {
            System.out.println("Cryptography restrictions removal not needed");
            return;
        }
        try {
        /*
         * Do the following, but with reflection to bypass access checks:
         *
         * JceSecurity.isRestricted = false;
         * JceSecurity.defaultPolicy.perms.clear();
         * JceSecurity.defaultPolicy.add(CryptoAllPermission.INSTANCE);
         */
            final Class<?> jceSecurity = Class.forName("javax.crypto.JceSecurity");
            final Class<?> cryptoPermissions = Class.forName("javax.crypto.CryptoPermissions");
            final Class<?> cryptoAllPermission = Class.forName("javax.crypto.CryptoAllPermission");

            final Field isRestrictedField = jceSecurity.getDeclaredField("isRestricted");
            isRestrictedField.setAccessible(true);
            //去除isRestricted的final限制
            final Field modifiersField = Field.class.getDeclaredField("modifiers");
            modifiersField.setAccessible(true);
            modifiersField.setInt(isRestrictedField, isRestrictedField.getModifiers() & ~Modifier.FINAL);
            isRestrictedField.set(null, false);

            final Field defaultPolicyField = jceSecurity.getDeclaredField("defaultPolicy");
            defaultPolicyField.setAccessible(true);
            final PermissionCollection defaultPolicy = (PermissionCollection) defaultPolicyField.get(null);

            final Field perms = cryptoPermissions.getDeclaredField("perms");
            perms.setAccessible(true);
            ((Map<?, ?>) perms.get(defaultPolicy)).clear();

            final Field instance = cryptoAllPermission.getDeclaredField("INSTANCE");
            instance.setAccessible(true);
            defaultPolicy.add((Permission) instance.get(null));

        } catch (final Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static boolean isRestrictedCryptography() {
        // This matches Oracle Java 7 and 8, but not Java 9 or OpenJDK.
        final String name = System.getProperty("java.runtime.name");
        final String ver = System.getProperty("java.version");
        return name != null && name.equals("Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment")
                && ver != null && (ver.startsWith("1.7") || ver.startsWith("1.8"));
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
//        removeCryptographyRestrictions();
        long length = Cipher.getMaxAllowedKeyLength("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
        System.out.println(length);
    }
}

2，分段算法加密

下面参考 https://blog.csdn.net/centralperk/article/details/8538697#

package security;
 
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
 
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
 
/** *//**
 * <p>
 * RSA公钥/私钥/签名工具包
 * </p>
 * <p>
 * 罗纳德·李维斯特（Ron [R]ivest）、阿迪·萨莫尔（Adi [S]hamir）和伦纳德·阿德曼（Leonard [A]dleman）
 * </p>
 * <p>
 * 字符串格式的密钥在未在特殊说明情况下都为BASE64编码格式<br/>
 * 由于非对称加密速度极其缓慢，一般文件不使用它来加密而是使用对称加密，<br/>
 * 非对称加密算法可以用来对对称加密的密钥加密，这样保证密钥的安全也就保证了数据的安全
 * </p>
 * 
 * @author IceWee
 * @date 2012-4-26
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class RSAUtils {
 
    /** *//**
     * 加密算法RSA
     */
    public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";
    
    /** *//**
     * 签名算法
     */
    public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA";
 
    /** *//**
     * 获取公钥的key
     */
    private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey";
    
    /** *//**
     * 获取私钥的key
     */
    private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey";
    
    /** *//**
     * RSA最大加密明文大小
     */
    private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;
    
    /** *//**
     * RSA最大解密密文大小
     */
    private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128;
 
    /** *//**
     * <p>
     * 生成密钥对(公钥和私钥)
     * </p>
     * 
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static Map<String, Object> genKeyPair() throws Exception {
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        keyPairGen.initialize(1024);
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
        RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
        RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
        Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
        keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
        keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
        return keyMap;
    }
    
    /** *//**
     * <p>
     * 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param data 已加密数据
     * @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
     * 
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        PrivateKey privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
        Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
        signature.initSign(privateK);
        signature.update(data);
        return Base64Utils.encode(signature.sign());
    }
 
    /** *//**
     * <p>
     * 校验数字签名
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param data 已加密数据
     * @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
     * @param sign 数字签名
     * 
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     * 
     */
    public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign)
            throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
        X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        PublicKey publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
        Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
        signature.initVerify(publicK);
        signature.update(data);
        return signature.verify(Base64Utils.decode(sign));
    }
 
    /** *//**
     * <P>
     * 私钥解密
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param encryptedData 已加密数据
     * @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] encryptedData, String privateKey)
            throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateK);
        int inputLen = encryptedData.length;
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int offSet = 0;
        byte[] cache;
        int i = 0;
        // 对数据分段解密
        while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
            if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
            } else {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
            }
            out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
            i++;
            offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK;
        }
        byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray();
        out.close();
        return decryptedData;
    }
 
    /** *//**
     * <p>
     * 公钥解密
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param encryptedData 已加密数据
     * @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] encryptedData, String publicKey)
            throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicK);
        int inputLen = encryptedData.length;
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int offSet = 0;
        byte[] cache;
        int i = 0;
        // 对数据分段解密
        while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
            if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
            } else {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
            }
            out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
            i++;
            offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK;
        }
        byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray();
        out.close();
        return decryptedData;
    }
 
    /** *//**
     * <p>
     * 公钥加密
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param data 源数据
     * @param publicKey 公钥(BASE64编码)
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String publicKey)
            throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
        // 对数据加密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicK);
        int inputLen = data.length;
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int offSet = 0;
        byte[] cache;
        int i = 0;
        // 对数据分段加密
        while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
            if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
            } else {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
            }
            out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
            i++;
            offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
        }
        byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();
        out.close();
        return encryptedData;
    }
 
    /** *//**
     * <p>
     * 私钥加密
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param data 源数据
     * @param privateKey 私钥(BASE64编码)
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String privateKey)
            throws Exception {
        byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
        Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateK);
        int inputLen = data.length;
        ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int offSet = 0;
        byte[] cache;
        int i = 0;
        // 对数据分段加密
        while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
            if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
            } else {
                cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
            }
            out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
            i++;
            offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
        }
        byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();
        out.close();
        return encryptedData;
    }
 
    /** *//**
     * <p>
     * 获取私钥
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param keyMap 密钥对
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
            throws Exception {
        Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
        return Base64Utils.encode(key.getEncoded());
    }
 
    /** *//**
     * <p>
     * 获取公钥
     * </p>
     * 
     * @param keyMap 密钥对
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
            throws Exception {
        Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
        return Base64Utils.encode(key.getEncoded());
    }
 
}```

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JDK的AES加密异常java.security.InvalidKeyException: Illegal key size 的解决方法（已解决）

秘钥长度，如果密钥大于128, 会抛出java.security.InvalidKeyException: Illegal key size 异常，已解决
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