本文是在一篇动态代理文章的基础上,分析jdk8的动态代理源码,jdk8中动态代理的实现方式并没有变,只是源码的位置不同了,在此做下分析。
我们先上动态代理的例子代码,然后进行源码分析:
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
public class MyInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler {
// 目标对象
private Object target;
/**
* 构造方法
* @param target 目标对象
*/
public MyInvocationHandler(Object target) {
super();
this.target = target;
}
/**
* 执行目标对象的方法
*/
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
// 在目标对象的方法执行之前简单的打印一下
System.out.println("------------------before------------------");
// 执行目标对象的方法
Object result = method.invoke(target, args);
// 在目标对象的方法执行之后简单的打印一下
System.out.println("-------------------after------------------");
return result;
}
/**
* 获取目标对象的代理对象
* @return 代理对象
*/
public Object getProxy() {
return Proxy.newProxyInstance(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(),
target.getClass().getInterfaces(), this);
}
}
public interface UserService {
/**
* 目标方法
*/
public abstract void add();
}
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see dynamic.proxy.UserService#add()
*/
public void add() {
System.out.println("--------------------add---------------");
}
}
public class ProxyTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 实例化目标对象
UserService userService = new UserServiceImpl();
// 实例化InvocationHandler
MyInvocationHandler invocationHandler = new MyInvocationHandler(userService);
// 根据目标对象生成代理对象
UserService proxy = (UserService) invocationHandler.getProxy();
// 调用代理对象的方法
proxy.add();
}
}
getProxy()的方法是获取了动态代理的实例,我们从这块代码开始进入源码阅读public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces, InvocationHandler h) throws IllegalArgumentException { Objects.requireNonNull(h); final Class<?>[] intfs = interfaces.clone(); final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); if (sm != null) { checkProxyAccess(Reflection.getCallerClass(), loader, intfs); } /* * Look up or generate the designated proxy class. */ Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs); /* * Invoke its constructor with the designated invocation handler. */ try { if (sm != null) { checkNewProxyPermission(Reflection.getCallerClass(), cl); } final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams); final InvocationHandler ih = h; if (!Modifier.isPublic(cl.getModifiers())) { AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() { public Void run() { cons.setAccessible(true); return null; } }); } return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h});
先是创建了一个接口的克隆类,并通过getProxyClass0方法动态生成Class类,我们看下getProxyClass0源码:private static Class<?> getProxyClass0(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>... interfaces) { if (interfaces.length > 65535) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("interface limit exceeded"); } // If the proxy class defined by the given loader implementing // the given interfaces exists, this will simply return the cached copy; // otherwise, it will create the proxy class via the ProxyClassFactory return proxyClassCache.get(loader, interfaces); }
我们要重点看下标红的proxyClassCache.get(loader,interfaces)方法,java就是通过这个方法生成的动态代理类,proxyClassCache的声明如下:private static final WeakCache<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>> proxyClassCache = new WeakCache<>(new KeyFactory(), new ProxyClassFactory()); 其中的ProxyClassFactory就是生成动态代理的工厂类。public V get(K key, P parameter) { 。。。 V value = supplier.get(); 。。。 }
这个方法中的supplier.get()方法就是生成了代理类,我们进入看下get()方法,
public synchronized V get() { // serialize access
// re-check
。。。
value = Objects.requireNonNull(valueFactory.apply(key, parameter));
。。。
}
这个同步的方法就是生成代理类的,其中的valueFactory就是我们之前提到了能生成代理类的工厂类,ProxyClassFactory(),我们进入apply方法:
public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) {
Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length);
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
/*
* Verify that the class loader resolves the name of this
* interface to the same Class object.
*/
Class<?> interfaceClass = null;
try {
interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
}
if (interfaceClass != intf) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
intf + " is not visible from class loader");
}
/*
* Verify that the Class object actually represents an
* interface.
*/
if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface");
}
/*
* Verify that this interface is not a duplicate.
*/
if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName());
}
}
String proxyPkg = null; // package to define proxy class in
int accessFlags = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL;
/*
* Record the package of a non-public proxy interface so that the
* proxy class will be defined in the same package. Verify that
* all non-public proxy interfaces are in the same package.
*/
for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
int flags = intf.getModifiers();
if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) {
accessFlags = Modifier.FINAL;
String name = intf.getName();
int n = name.lastIndexOf('.');
String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1));
if (proxyPkg == null) {
proxyPkg = pkg;
} else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"non-public interfaces from different packages");
}
}
}
if (proxyPkg == null) {
// if no non-public proxy interfaces, use com.sun.proxy package
proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + ".";
}
/*
* Choose a name for the proxy class to generate.
*/
long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement();
String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num;
/*
* Generate the specified proxy class.
*/
byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);
try {
return defineClass0(loader, proxyName,
proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length);
前面都是一些验证,我们不用管,主要看下后面这几行,首先是定义代理类的名称proxyName,然后通过PrxoyGenerator.generateProxyClass生成字节码文件(生成字节码文件比较复杂,我们在此不做过多介绍了)然后通过defineClass0方法去加载这个类,使用的类加载器就是我们之前传入的哪个类,由此代理类就是生成了,但生成了后是怎么实例化的呢,我们继续分析:
之前我们刚进去的第一个方法,可以向上搜索:newProxyInstance中做了实例化,我们看下:
final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams);return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h});private static final Class<?>[] constructorParams = { InvocationHandler.class };
这两个方法,首先,获取了带参数InvocationHandler类的构造器,然后通过构造器,往里看最后通过调用NativeConstructorAccessorImpl的本地方法实例化了这个类
讲解完了代理类的生成源码,我们一定想要看看代理类的代码是什么样的,下面提供一个生成代理类的方法供大家使用:
/**
* 代理类的生成工具
* @author zyb
* @since 2012-8-9
*/
public class ProxyGeneratorUtils {
/**
* 把代理类的字节码写到硬盘上
* @param path 保存路径
*/
public static void writeProxyClassToHardDisk(String path) {
// 第一种方法,这种方式在刚才分析ProxyGenerator时已经知道了
// System.getProperties().put("sun.misc.ProxyGenerator.saveGeneratedFiles", true);
// 第二种方法
// 获取代理类的字节码
byte[] classFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass("$Proxy11", UserServiceImpl.class.getInterfaces());
FileOutputStream out = null;
try {
out = new FileOutputStream(path);
out.write(classFile);
out.flush();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ProxyGeneratorUtils.writeProxyClassToHardDisk("C:/x/$Proxy11.class");
此时就会在指定的C盘x文件夹下生成代理类的.class文件,我们看下反编译后的结果:
public final class $Proxy11 extends Proxy implements UserService {
private static Method m1;
private static Method m2;
private static Method m3;
private static Method m0;
public $Proxy11(InvocationHandler var1) throws {
super(var1);
}
public final boolean equals(Object var1) throws {
try {
return ((Boolean)super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[]{var1})).booleanValue();
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
throw var3;
} catch (Throwable var4) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
}
}
public final String toString() throws {
try {
return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m2, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
public final void add() throws {
try {
super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null);
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
public final int hashCode() throws {
try {
return ((Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m0, (Object[])null)).intValue();
} catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
throw var2;
} catch (Throwable var3) {
throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
}
}
static {
try {
m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", Class.forName("java.lang.Object"));
m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString");
m3 = Class.forName("UserService").getMethod("add");
m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode");
} catch (NoSuchMethodException var2) {
throw new NoSuchMethodError(var2.getMessage());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException var3) {
throw new NoClassDefFoundError(var3.getMessage());
}
}
}
equals,hashcode,toString都是Object的,先看构造方法,我们前面介绍过通过构造器实例化,传入的invocationHandler就是我们之前定义的MyInvocationHandler,所以add()方法会执行MyInvocationHandler的invoke()方法。