最近刚开始接触laravel框架,看了下用户认证这块,封装的比较全面
Auth 认证原理简述
Laravel 的认证是使用 guard
与 provider
配合完成, guard
负责认证的业务逻辑,认证信息的服务端保存等; provider
负责提供认证信息的持久化数据提供。
请求提交给 guard
, guard
从 provider
里取出数据(类似用户名、密码等),验证输入数据与服务器端存储的数据是否吻合。如果提交的数据正确,再做 session 等业务的处理(如有需要)。
在一个新的 Laravel 应用程序中运行
php artisan make:auth
php artisan migrate
这两个命令将负责构建整个认证系统(users用户表)
现在新增admins用户表用户认证
修改 Auth 认证的配置文件 config/auth.php()
在 gurads 处,添加 admin
guard 用于后台管理员认证
'guards' => [ 'web' => [ 'driver' => 'session', 'provider' => 'users', ], 'admin' => [ 'driver' => 'session', 'provider' => 'admins', ], 'api' => [ 'driver' => 'token', 'provider' => 'users', ], ],
在 providers 处添加 admins
provider,使用 Admin
模型
'providers' => [
'users' => [
'driver' => 'eloquent',
'model' => App\User::class,
],'admins' => [
'driver' => 'eloquent',
'model' => App\Admin::class,
],
],
创建后台管理员模型
我们再创建一个 Admin
模型,用于后台管理员登录验证。
php artisan make:model Admin -m
-m 参数会同时生成数据库迁移文件 xxxx_create_admins_table
修改 app/Admin.php
模型文件
<?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;class Admin extends Authenticatable
{
use Notifiable;/**
* The attributes that are mass assignable.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $fillable = [
'name', 'password',
];/**
* The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $hidden = [
'password', 'remember_token',
];
}
编辑 xxxx_create_admins_table
文件,后台管理员模型结构与前台用户差不多,去掉 email
字段,name
字段设为 unique
<?php
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;class CreateAdminsTable extends Migration
{
/**
* Run the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function up()
{
Schema::create('admins', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->string('name')->unique();
$table->string('password');
$table->rememberToken();
$table->timestamps();
});
}/**
* Reverse the migrations.
*
* @return void
*/
public function down()
{
Schema::dropIfExists('admins');
}
}
管理员模型填充数据
定义一个数据模型工厂,在 database/factories/ModelFactory.php
中添加如下代码
$factory->define(App\Admin::class, function (Faker\Generator $faker) {
static $password;return [
'name' => $faker->firstName,
'password' => $password ?: $password = bcrypt('secret'),
'remember_token' => str_random(10),
];
});
使用 Faker
随机填充用户名
在 database/seeds
目录下生成 AdminsTableSeeder.php
文件。
php artisan make:seeder AdminsTableSeeder
编辑 database/seeds/AdminsTableSeeder.php
文件的 run
方法,添加3个管理员用户,密码为 123456
public function run() { factory('App\Admin', 3)->create([ 'password' => bcrypt('123456') ]); }
在 database/seeds/DatabaseSeeder.php
的 run
方法里调用 AdminsTableSeeder
类
public function run() { $this->call(AdminsTableSeeder::class); }
执行数据库迁移命令
php artisan migrate --seed
数据库里会创建 admins 表,并且生成了3条数据
创建后台页面
创建控制器
php artisan make:controller Admin/LoginController php artisan make:controller Admin/IndexController
其中, Admin/LoginController
负责登录逻辑; Admin/IndexController
管理登录后的首页。
编辑 Admin/LoginController.php
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers\Admin;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\AuthenticatesUsers;
class LoginController extends Controller
{
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Login Controller
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| This controller handles authenticating users for the application and
| redirecting them to your home screen. The controller uses a trait
| to conveniently provide its functionality to your applications.
|
*/
use AuthenticatesUsers;
/**
* Where to redirect users after login / registration.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $redirectTo = '/admin';
/**
* Create a new controller instance.
*
* @return void
*/
public function __construct()
{
$this->middleware('guest.admin', ['except' => 'logout']);
}
/**
* 显示后台登录模板
*/
public function showLoginForm()
{
return view('admin.login');
}
/**
* 使用 admin guard
*/
protected function guard()
{
return auth()->guard('admin');
}
/**
* 重写验证时使用的用户名字段
*/
public function username()
{
return 'name';
}
}
编辑 Admin/IndexController.php
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers\Admin;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
class IndexController extends Controller
{
/**
* 显示后台管理模板首页
*/
public function index()
{
return view('admin.index');
}
}
后台显示模板
复制 views/layouts/app.blade.php
成 views/layouts/admin.blade.php
编辑后台管理布局模板
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><!-- CSRF Token -->
<meta name="csrf-token" content="{{ csrf_token() }}"><title>{{ config('app.name', 'Laravel') }} - Admin</title>
<!-- Styles -->
<link href="{{ asset('css/app.css') }}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default navbar-static-top">
<div class="container">
<div class="navbar-header"><!-- Collapsed Hamburger -->
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse"
data-target="#app-navbar-collapse">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle Navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button><!-- Branding Image -->
<a class="navbar-brand" href="{{ url('/') }}">
{{ config('app.name', 'Laravel') }}
</a>
</div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="app-navbar-collapse">
<!-- Left Side Of Navbar -->
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
</ul><!-- Right Side Of Navbar -->
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<!-- Authentication Links -->
@if (auth()->guard('admin')->guest())
<li><a href="{{ url('/admin/login') }}">Login</a></li>
{{--<li><a href="{{ route('register') }}">Register</a></li>--}}
@else
<li class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button"
aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true">
{{ auth()->guard('admin')->user()->name }} <span class="caret"></span>
</a><ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li>
<a href="{{ url('/admin/logout')}}"
οnclick="event.preventDefault();
document.getElementById('logout-form').submit();">
Logout
</a><form id="logout-form" action="{{ url('/admin/logout')}}" method="POST"
style="display: none;">
{{ csrf_field() }}
</form>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
@endif
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</nav>@yield('content')
<!-- Scripts -->
<script src="{{ asset('js/app.js') }}"></script>
</body>
</html>
复制 views/auth/login.blade.php
成 views/admin/login.blade.php
编辑该模板,更改布局文件为 layouts.admin, 把表单的提交 url 改为 admin/login
,email 字段改成 name字段,去掉找回密码的部分
@extends('layouts.admin')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">
<div class="panel panel-default">
<div class="panel-heading">Admin Login</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<form class="form-horizontal" role="form" method="POST" action="{{ url('/admin/login') }}">
{{ csrf_field() }}<div class="form-group{{ $errors->has('name') ? ' has-error' : '' }}">
<label for="name" class="col-md-4 control-label">Name</label><div class="col-md-6">
<input id="name" type="text" class="form-control" name="name" value="{{ old('name') }}" required autofocus>@if ($errors->has('name'))
<span class="help-block">
<strong>{{ $errors->first('name') }}</strong>
</span>
@endif
</div>
</div><div class="form-group{{ $errors->has('password') ? ' has-error' : '' }}">
<label for="password" class="col-md-4 control-label">Password</label><div class="col-md-6">
<input id="password" type="password" class="form-control" name="password" required>@if ($errors->has('password'))
<span class="help-block">
<strong>{{ $errors->first('password') }}</strong>
</span>
@endif
</div>
</div><div class="form-group">
<div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-4">
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" name="remember"> Remember Me
</label>
</div>
</div>
</div><div class="form-group">
<div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-4">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">
Login
</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@endsection
复制 views/home.blade.php
成 views/admin/index.blade.php
编辑该模板
@extends('layouts.admin')
@section('content')
<div class="container">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">
<div class="panel panel-default">
<div class="panel-heading">Dashboard</div><div class="panel-body">
You are logged in admin dashboard!
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@endsection
添加后台路由
编辑 routes/web.php
, 添加以下内容
Route::group(['prefix' => 'admin'], function () {
Route::group(['middleware' => 'auth.admin'], function () {
Route::get('/', 'Admin\IndexController@index');
});Route::get('login', 'Admin\LoginController@showLoginForm')->name('admin.login');
Route::post('login', 'Admin\LoginController@login');
Route::post('logout', 'Admin\LoginController@logout');
});
后台管理认证中间件
创建后台管理认证中间件
php artisan make:middleware AuthAdmin
编辑 AuthAdmin
<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;
class AuthAdmin
{
/**
* Handle an incoming request.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request
* @param \Closure $next
* @return mixed
*/
public function handle($request, Closure $next)
{
if (auth()->guard('admin')->guest()) {
if ($request->ajax() || $request->wantsJson()) {
return response('Unauthorized.', 401);
} else {
return redirect()->guest('admin/login');
}
}return $next($request);
}
}
创建后台管理登录跳转中间件,用于有些操作在登录之后的跳转
php artisan make:middleware GuestAdmin
编辑该中间件的 handle
方法
public function handle($request, Closure $next)
{
if (auth()->guard('admin')->check()) {
return redirect('/admin');
}return $next($request);
}
在 app/Http/Kernel.php
中注册以上中间件
protected $routeMiddleware = [ .... 'auth.admin' => \App\Http\Middleware\AuthAdmin::class, 'guest.admin' => \App\Http\Middleware\GuestAdmin::class, ];
处理注销
经过上面的步骤,已经实现了前后台分离登录,但是不管是在前台注销,还是在后台注销,都销毁了所有的 session,导致前后台注销连在一起。所以我们还要对注销的方法处理一下。
原来的 logout 方法是这样写的,在 Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\AuthenticatesUsers
里
public function logout(Request $request)
{
$this->guard()->logout();$request->session()->flush();
$request->session()->regenerate();
return redirect('/');
}
注意这一句
$request->session()->flush();
将所有的 session 全部清除,这里不分前台、后台,所以要对这里进行改造。
因为前台、后台注销都要修改,所以我们新建一个 trait,前后台都可以使用。
新建一个文件 app/Extensions/AuthenticatesLogout.php
<?php
namespace App\Exceptions;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
trait AuthenticatesLogout
{
public function logout(Request $request)
{
$this->guard()->logout();
$request->session()->forget($this->guard()->getName());
$request->session()->regenerate();
//这里稍微做了处理,根据不同的模块返回不同的路由
$urlInfo = $this->getTemplatePath($request);
if(strtolower($urlInfo['modules']) == 'admin'){
$url = '/admin';
}else{
$url = '/';
}
return redirect($url);
}
}
我们将上面的那一句改成
$request->session()->forget($this->guard()->getName());
只是删除掉当前 guard
所创建的 session,这样就达到了分别注销的目的。
修改 Auth/LoginController.php
和 Admin/LoginController.php
,将
class LoginController extends Controller { use AuthenticatesUsers;
改掉,在文件的前面别忘了加上 use
语句
use App\Exceptions\AuthenticatesLogout;
...
class LoginController extends Controller
{
use AuthenticatesUsers, AuthenticatesLogout {
AuthenticatesLogout::logout insteadof AuthenticatesUsers;
}
...
到这里,就完成了整个不同用户表登录认证的过程。