使用Retrofit获取json并解析

A type-safe HTTP client for Android and Java

http://square.github.io/retrofit/

因为其简单与出色的性能,Retrofit 是安卓上最流行的HTTP Client库之一，配合Rxjava使用效果更佳

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这里以一个Demo的形式来记录Retrofit的简单使用

示例使用和风天气的api获取城市列表

https://api.heweather.com/x3/citylist?search=allchina&key=“您的api key”

来获取国内所有的城市列表

每日免费3000次查询也足够个人开发者了

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在build.gradle中添加

compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.1.0'
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.1.0'

根据json返回的数据建立CityEntity.java

使用Android Studio的下载个GsonFormat直接生成javabean简单又快捷

由于代码量大所以就不贴上来了

activity_main.xml代码如下所示，就是一个listview

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    >

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/listview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</LinearLayout>

创建一个接口CityService.java

public interface CityService {
    @GET("x3/citylist")//对应后缀，这里用的是GET方法获取
       Call<CityEntity> getCity(@Query("search")String getType,@Query("key")String apiKey);
       //这里对应的是主页后缀x3/citylist?=allchina&key="您的api key"
       //String getType 对应的是search=
       //String apiKey 对应的是key=

       //假如没有任何附加参数的网址可以直接这样写
       //@GET()
       //Call<bean> get();
}

使用Retrofit

private void getCity() {
      Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl("https://api.heweather.com/")//传入URL
                .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())//加入gson解析
                .build();

        CityService cityService = retrofit.create(CityService.class);


        Call<CityEntity> call = cityService.getCity("allchina", "您的apiKey");

        call.enqueue(new Callback<CityEntity>() {
            //成功时执行
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<CityEntity> call, Response<CityEntity> response) {
                //所执行的操作
            }

            //失败时执行
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<CityEntity> call, Throwable t) {
                //所执行的操作
            }
        });
    }

MainActivity.java代码如下所示

package com.lzokks04.retrofitdemo;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import retrofit2.Call;
import retrofit2.Callback;
import retrofit2.Response;
import retrofit2.Retrofit;
import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    public static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private ListView mListView;
    private ArrayAdapter<String> adapter;
    private List<String> list;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);
        getCity();
    }

    private void getCity() {
        String baseURL = "https://api.heweather.com/";
        String cityType = "allchina";
        String apiKey = "您的APIKEY";

        Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl(baseURL)
                .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
                .build();

        CityService cityService = retrofit.create(CityService.class);


        Call<CityEntity> call = cityService.getCity(cityType, apiKey);

        call.enqueue(new Callback<CityEntity>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<CityEntity> call, Response<CityEntity> response) {
                list = getCityList(response.body());
                adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(MainActivity.this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,list);
                mListView.setAdapter(adapter);
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<CityEntity> call, Throwable t) {
                Log.i(TAG, t.getMessage());
            }
        });
    }

    /**
     * 提取javabean中的城市信息
     * @param bean
     * @return
     */
    private List<String> getCityList(CityEntity bean) {
        List<String> cityList = new ArrayList<String>();
        for (int i = 0; i < bean.getCity_info().size(); i++) {
            cityList.add(bean.getCity_info().get(i).getCity());
        }
        return cityList;
    }
}

最后一定要记住

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

运行效果如图所示