android 网络请求+json解析 最优分析

最近在项目中使用到了网络请求，网页数据以 json的方式返回，所以也避免不了json解析。众所周知，android为防止UI 阻塞，所以耗时操作时候都需要用户异步的方式处理。虽然进行了异步处理，但是速度上还是应该尽可能快。最后分析得出–HttpURLConnection+GSON解析最优。

一： 网络请求 httpClient or HttpURLConnection

1. 在Android 2.3及以上版本，使用的是HttpURLConnection，而在Android2.2及以下版本，使用的是HttpClient。至于为什么新版本为什么不推荐使用，则是谷歌对其不怎么更新，支持不太高。

2. HttpURLConnection是一种多用途、轻量极的HTTP客户端，使用它来进行HTTP操作可以适用于大多数的应用程序。虽然HttpURLConnection的API提供的比较简单，但是同时这也使得我们可以更加容易地去使用和扩展它。

3. 但是如果不是简单网页，比如需要登录后与服务器保持连接的话，还是推荐使用httpClient，通过set-cookies方式。

   这些都是比较书面化的定义，在实际的项目中测试了一下速度。httpURLConnect会更快一些，毕竟是读取字节流的方式读取json信息。

    // httpClient Get
    public static String connServerResult(String strUrl) {
        // 请求服务器的URL地址
        // 返回数据转换成String
        HttpGet httpRequest = new HttpGet(strUrl);

        String strResult = null;

        try {

            HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();

            HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpRequest);
            int code = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
            if (code == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                Log.v("lzw", "PoiSearch-connServerResult-1");
                strResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());

            }

        } catch (Exception e) {

        }

        return strResult;
    }

//httpURlConnect  采用回调方式处理异步事件
public static void getHttpResponse(final String allConfigUrl) {

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                BufferedReader in = null;
                StringBuffer result = null;
                HttpURLConnection connection = null;
                try {

                    URL url = new URL(allConfigUrl);
                    connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
                    connection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "utf-8");
                    if (connection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
                        result = new StringBuffer();
                        // 读取URL的响应
                        in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
                        String line;
                        while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                            result.append(line);
                        }
                        Message msg_navigation = mHandler.obtainMessage();
                        msg_navigation.what = 0;
                        msg_navigation.obj = result.toString();
                        mHandler.sendMessage(msg_navigation);
                    }

                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    try {
                        if (connection != null) {
                            connection.disconnect();
                            connection = null;
                        }
                        if (in != null) {
                            in.close();
                            in = null;
                        }
                    } catch (Exception e2) {
                        e2.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }

            }

        }).start();

    }

    //执行回调函数，处理异步事件。
    public static void doHttpUtilsCallBaockListener(final HttpUtilsCallbackListener listener) {
        mHandler = new Handler() {
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                super.handleMessage(msg);
                switch (msg.what) {
                case 0:
                    String str = (String) msg.obj;
                    listener.success(str);
                    break;

                default:

                    break;
                }
            }
        };
    }

    public interface HttpUtilsCallbackListener {
        void success(String str);
    }

 经过上面两种方式，对我请求的一个路径导航的网页，httpClient大概3385ms httpURLConncet 2025ms。同等情况下 httpURLConnect性能更优。

二. JSON解析。
测试一个北京到上海的路径导航API网页数据，大约json里面坐标数组几万个，此时良好的解析方式将会凸显出性能的优劣。
我在处理json解析的时候用到三种方式；

1. 第一种 传统android自带的解析方式，使用JSONObject 解析对象， JSONArray 解析数组。

2. 第二种 阿里巴巴开源提供的fastjson.

3. 第三种 谷歌提供的GSON。

实际在几万个数据的解析下 谷歌GSON解析更胜一筹，领先fastjson 几秒，最慢也是自带的 JSONObject .
最后附上GSON解析相关类。fastjson 和传统JSONObject 将不再赘述。

//PoiGsonBean 类
public class PoiGsonBean {
    private List<PoiInfos> poiInfos;


    private int totalHits;

    public void setPoiInfos(List<PoiInfos> poiInfos) {
        this.poiInfos = poiInfos;
    }

    public List<PoiInfos> getPoiInfos() {
        return this.poiInfos;
    }

    public void setTotalHits(int totalHits) {
        this.totalHits = totalHits;
    }

    public int getTotalHits() {
        return this.totalHits;
    }

    public static class PoiInfos {
        private String address;

        private Location location;

        private String name;

        private int score;

        private String telephone;

        private String uid;

        public void setAddress(String address) {
            this.address = address;
        }

        public String getAddress() {
            return this.address;
        }

        public void setLocation(Location location) {
            this.location = location;
        }

        public Location getLocation() {
            return this.location;
        }

        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public String getName() {
            return this.name;
        }

        public void setScore(int score) {
            this.score = score;
        }

        public int getScore() {
            return this.score;
        }

        public void setTelephone(String telephone) {
            this.telephone = telephone;
        }

        public String getTelephone() {
            return this.telephone;
        }

        public void setUid(String uid) {
            this.uid = uid;
        }

        public String getUid() {
            return this.uid;
        }

    }
    public class PathInfos {

        public double pathLength;
        public List<Location> pathPoints;

        public double getPathLength(){

            return pathLength;
        }
        public void setPathLength(){

            this.pathLength=pathLength;

        }

        public List<Location> getPathPoints (){

            return pathPoints;
        }
        public void setPathPoints (List<Location> pathPoints){

            this.pathPoints=pathPoints;

        }
    }

    public static class Location {

        private double x;

        private double y;

        public void setX(double x) {
            this.x = x;
        }

        public double getX() {
            return this.x;
        }

        public void setY(double y) {
            this.y = y;
        }

        public double getY() {
            return this.y;
        }
    }
    public static class Junction {

        private double x;

        private double y;

        public void setX(double x) {
            this.x = x;
        }

        public double getX() {
            return this.x;
        }

        public void setY(double y) {
            this.y = y;
        }

        public double getY() {
            return this.y;
        }
    }
}

//json解析类
public class JsonPara {
    //解析POI 
    public void parsePOI(String strResult, ArrayList<PoiInfos> locationList) {
        Type type = new TypeToken<PoiGsonBean>() {
        }.getType();
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        PoiGsonBean poiGsonBean = gson.fromJson(strResult, type);
        locationList.clear();
        locationList.addAll(poiGsonBean.getPoiInfos());

    }
    //解析路径导航
    public void parseNavigation(String strResult, ArrayList<Location> LocationList) {

        Type type = new TypeToken<PathInfos>() {
        }.getType();
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        PathInfos pathInfos = gson.fromJson(strResult, type);
        LocationList.addAll(pathInfos.getPathPoints());

    }

}