== 编写视图（view）
view 或 view function：一个python函数，处理一个Web request并返回一个Web response.
- 一个简单的view
from django.http import HttpResponse
import datetime
def current_datetime(request):
now = datetime.datetime.now()
html = "<html><body>It is now %s.</body></html>" % now
return HttpResponse(html)
- 返回错误
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseNotFound
def my_view(request):
if foo:
return HttpResponseNotFound('<h1>Page not found</h1>')
else:
return HttpResponse('<h1>Page was found</h1>')
def my_view(request):
# Return a "created" (201) response code.
return HttpResponse(status=201)
# Http404异常
from django.http import Http404
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from polls.models import Poll
def detail(request, poll_id):
try:
p = Poll.objects.get(pk=poll_id)
except Poll.DoesNotExist:
raise Http404("Poll does not exist")
return render_to_response('polls/detail.html', {'poll': p})
- 定制错误views
在URLconf中指定（其他地方无效果）
handler404 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_page_not_found_view'
handler500 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_error_view'
handler403 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_permission_denied_view'
handler400 = 'mysite.views.my_custom_bad_request_view'
== Django快捷函数
render(request, template_name, context=None, context_instance=_context_instance_undefined, content_type=None,
status=None, current_app=_current_app_undefined, dirs=_dirs_undefined, using=None)
render_to_response(template_name, context=None, context_instance=_context_instance_undefined, content_type=None,
status=None, dirs=_dirs_undefined, using=None)
redirect(to, permanent=False, *args, **kwargs)
get_object_or_404(klass, *args, **kwargs)
get_list_or_404(klass, *args, **kwargs)
== view函数修饰符
# 允许的http方法
require_http_methods(request_method_list)
@require_http_methods(["GET", "POST"])
def my_view(request):
require_GET()
require_POST()
require_safe()
# 条件处理
# GZip
# Vary headers
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