【物联网】mqtt初体验

最近在了解物联网云平台方面的知识，接触了mqtt协议，只看书籍难免有些枯燥，所以直接试验一下，便于巩固理论知识。
broker服务器操作系统：centos7
broker服务程序：EMQX
虚拟机IP地址：192.168.89.82

安装EMQX

在自己的虚拟机环境下进行安装，按照EMQX官方资料操作即可，步骤如下：

[root@centos7-82 ~]# cd /usr/src
[root@centos7-82 src]# wget https://www.emqx.com/zh/downloads/broker/5.0.17/emqx-5.0.17-el7-amd64.tar.gz
[root@centos7-82 src]# mkdir -p emqx
[root@centos7-82 src]# tar -zxvf emqx-5.0.17-el7-amd64.tar.gz -C emqx
[root@centos7-82 src]# ./emqx/bin/emqx start

启动后，控制台日志如下：

可以看下emqx端口：
浏览器访问地址如下：http://192.168.89.82:18083/ 默认的用户名密码为admin、public，第一次登录后会首先要求修改密码。

java集成

为了快速体验，直接一个springboot工程里既有发布客户端也有订阅客户端。

添加依赖

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.eclipse.paho</groupId>
        <artifactId>org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
    </dependency>

mqtt配置参数

mqtt.broker=tcp://192.168.89.82:1883
mqtt.username=admin
mqtt.password=admin

发布组件

@Component
public class PublishSample {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PublishSample.class);

    @Autowired
    public MqttPropertiesConfig mqttPropertiesConfig;

    public void sentMsg(String content, String clientId, String topic, int qos){
        try {
            MqttClient mqttClient = new MqttClient(mqttPropertiesConfig.getBroker(), clientId, new MemoryPersistence());
            // 连接参数
            MqttConnectOptions mqttConnectOptions = new MqttConnectOptions();
            // 设置用户名和密码
            mqttConnectOptions.setUserName(mqttPropertiesConfig.getUsername());
            mqttConnectOptions.setPassword(mqttPropertiesConfig.getPassword().toCharArray());

            mqttConnectOptions.setConnectionTimeout(60);
            mqttConnectOptions.setKeepAliveInterval(60);

            // 连接
            mqttClient.connect(mqttConnectOptions);

            // 创建消息并设置 QoS
            MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage(content.getBytes());
            message.setQos(qos);

            // 发布消息
            mqttClient.publish(topic, message);
            log.info("Message published");
            log.info("topic: {}", topic);
            log.info("message content: {}", content);
            // 关闭连接
            mqttClient.disconnect();
            // 关闭客户端
            mqttClient.close();

        } catch (MqttException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

}

订阅组件

@Component
public class SubscribeSample {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SubscribeSample.class);

    @Autowired
    public MqttPropertiesConfig mqttPropertiesConfig;

    public void subTest(String clientId, String topic, int qos){
        try {
            MqttClient client = new MqttClient(mqttPropertiesConfig.getBroker(), clientId, new MemoryPersistence());
            // 连接参数
            MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
            options.setUserName(mqttPropertiesConfig.getUsername());
            options.setPassword(mqttPropertiesConfig.getPassword().toCharArray());
            options.setConnectionTimeout(60);
            options.setKeepAliveInterval(60);
            // 设置回调
            client.setCallback(new MqttCallback() {

                public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
                    log.info("connectionLost: {}", cause.getMessage());
                }

                public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) {
                    log.info("topic: {}", topic);
                    log.info("Qos: {}", message.getQos());
                    log.info("message content: {}", new String(message.getPayload()));

                }

                public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
                    log.info("deliveryComplete---------{}", token.isComplete());
                }

            });
            client.connect(options);
            client.subscribe(topic, qos);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

测试接口

@RestController
public class TestController {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestController.class);

    @Autowired
    public PublishSample publishSample;
    @Autowired
    public SubscribeSample subscribeSample;

    /**
     * 发布接口
     * @param content
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("sent")
    public String sent(String content){
        String clientId = "lizx_pub_client1";
        int qos = 0;
        String topic = "mqtt/test";

        log.info("sent");
        publishSample.sentMsg(content, clientId, topic, qos);
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 模拟订阅客户端1
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("sub1")
    public String sub1(){
        String clientId = "lizx_sub_client1";
        int qos = 0;
        String topic = "mqtt/test";
        
        log.info("sub1");
        subscribeSample.subTest(clientId, topic, qos);
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 模拟订阅客户端2
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("sub2")
    public String sub2(){
        String clientId = "lizx_sub_client2";
        int qos = 0;
        String topic = "mqtt/test";

        log.info("sub2");
        subscribeSample.subTest(clientId, topic, qos);
        return "success";
    }
}

接口测试

直接简单浏览器两个标签页分别输入：
http://127.0.0.1:8080/sub1
http://127.0.0.1:8080/sub2
然后再打开一个标签页输入：
http://127.0.0.1:8080/sent?content=Hello%20MQTT
后台日志如下：

2023-02-14 16:19:39.970  INFO 5708 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] com.lizx.emqx.client.web.TestController  : sub1
2023-02-14 16:19:46.651  INFO 5708 --- [nio-8080-exec-2] com.lizx.emqx.client.web.TestController  : sub2
2023-02-14 16:19:50.384  INFO 5708 --- [nio-8080-exec-3] com.lizx.emqx.client.web.TestController  : sent
2023-02-14 16:19:50.697  INFO 5708 --- [nio-8080-exec-3] c.lizx.emqx.client.sample.PublishSample  : Message published
2023-02-14 16:19:50.698  INFO 5708 --- [nio-8080-exec-3] c.lizx.emqx.client.sample.PublishSample  : topic: mqtt/test
2023-02-14 16:19:50.703  INFO 5708 --- [izx_sub_client2] c.l.emqx.client.sample.SubscribeSample   : topic: mqtt/test
2023-02-14 16:19:50.703  INFO 5708 --- [izx_sub_client1] c.l.emqx.client.sample.SubscribeSample   : topic: mqtt/test
2023-02-14 16:19:50.705  INFO 5708 --- [nio-8080-exec-3] c.lizx.emqx.client.sample.PublishSample  : message content: Hello MQTT
2023-02-14 16:19:50.705  INFO 5708 --- [izx_sub_client2] c.l.emqx.client.sample.SubscribeSample   : Qos: 0
2023-02-14 16:19:50.705  INFO 5708 --- [izx_sub_client1] c.l.emqx.client.sample.SubscribeSample   : Qos: 0
2023-02-14 16:19:50.706  INFO 5708 --- [izx_sub_client2] c.l.emqx.client.sample.SubscribeSample   : message content: Hello MQTT
2023-02-14 16:19:50.706  INFO 5708 --- [izx_sub_client1] c.l.emqx.client.sample.SubscribeSample   : message content: Hello MQTT