解决java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
当图片过大,或图片数量较多时使用BitmapFactory解码图片会出java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget,要想正常使用则需分配更少的内存,具体的解决办法是修改采样值BitmapFactory.Options.inSampleSize,例 如:
- BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
- opts.inSampleSize = 4 ;
- Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imageFile, opts);
如何设置恰当的inSampleSize
设置恰当的inSampleSize是解决该问题的关键之一。BitmapFactory.Options提供了另一个成员inJustDecodeBounds。
- BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
- opts.inJustDecodeBounds = true ;
- Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imageFile, opts);
设置inJustDecodeBounds为true后,decodeFile并不分配空间,但可计算出原始图片的长度和宽度,即opts.width和opts.height。有了这两个参数,再通过一定的算法,即可得到一个恰当的inSampleSize。
查看Android源码,Android提供了一种动态计算的方法。
- public static int computeSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,
- int minSideLength, int maxNumOfPixels) {
- int initialSize = computeInitialSampleSize(options, minSideLength,maxNumOfPixels);
- int roundedSize;
- if (initialSize <= 8 ) {
- roundedSize = 1 ;
- while (roundedSize < initialSize) {
- roundedSize <<= 1 ;
- }
- } else {
- roundedSize = (initialSize + 7 ) / 8 * 8 ;
- }
- return roundedSize;
- }
- private static int computeInitialSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int minSideLength, int maxNumOfPixels) {
- double w = options.outWidth;
- double h = options.outHeight;
- int lowerBound = (maxNumOfPixels == - 1 ) ? 1 :
- (int ) Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(w * h / maxNumOfPixels));
- int upperBound = (minSideLength == - 1 ) ? 128 :
- (int ) Math.min(Math.floor(w / minSideLength),
- Math.floor(h / minSideLength));
- if (upperBound < lowerBound) {
- // return the larger one when there is no overlapping zone.
- return lowerBound;
- }
- if ((maxNumOfPixels == - 1 ) &&
- (minSideLength == -1 )) {
- return 1 ;
- } else if (minSideLength == - 1 ) {
- return lowerBound;
- } else {
- return upperBound;
- }
- }
使用该算法,就可动态计算出图片的inSampleSize。
- BitmapFactory.Options opts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
- opts.inJustDecodeBounds = true ;
- BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imageFile, opts);
- opts.inSampleSize = computeSampleSize(opts, -1 , 128 * 128 );
- opts.inJustDecodeBounds = false ;
- try {
- Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imageFile, opts);
- imageView.setImageBitmap(bmp);
- } catch (OutOfMemoryError err) {
- }
另外,可以通过Bitmap.recycle()方法来释放位图所占的空间,当然前提是位图没有被使用。