协程概念
MPG模型
todo
疑问
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"time"
)
func main() {
fmt.Println("cup ",runtime.NumCPU())
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
go func() {
fmt.Println(i, &i)
}()
}
time.Sleep(time.Second)
}
输出
cup 4
4 0xc000014060
9 0xc000014060
10 0xc000014060
10 0xc000014060
10 0xc000014060
10 0xc000014060
10 0xc000014060
10 0xc000014060
10 0xc000014060
10 0xc000014060
Process finished with exit code 0
package main
import (
"fmt"
"runtime"
"time"
)
func main() {
fmt.Println("cup ",runtime.NumCPU())
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
go func(j int) {
fmt.Println(i, j)
}(i)
}
time.Sleep(time.Second)
}
输出
cup 4
7 1
8 0
8 2
10 3
10 6
10 7
10 8
10 9
10 4
10 5
Process finished with exit code 0
规则
go程序的运行会由main函数产生一个主goroutine函数,然后由go语句可以产生任意并行goroutine,由此实现了并发编程。但是,主goroutine结束,其他所有goroutine无论是什么状态都将随之结束。
衍生问题
如何控制产生goroutine的数量
todo
如何让主goroutine等待其他的goroutine都结束,它才结束
其他goroutine运行结束后通知主goroutine,主goroutine在结束即可,此思路由通道channel实现。
如何让手动启用的goroutine按照指定的顺序执行
两种方式
channel通道
自旋式
package main
import (
"fmt"
"sync/atomic"
"time"
)
func main() {
var count int32
trigger := func(i int32, fn func()) {
for {
if n := atomic.LoadInt32(&count); n == i {
fn()
atomic.AddInt32(&count, 1)
break
}
time.Sleep(time.Nanosecond)
}
}
for i := int32(0); i < int32(10); i++ {
go func(i int32) {
fn := func() {
fmt.Println(i)
}
trigger(i, fn)
}(i)
}
trigger(10, func() {})
//num := 10
//ch := make(chan struct{}, num)
//
//for i := 0; i < num; i++ {
// go func(i int) {
// fmt.Println("this is goroutine :", i)
// ch <- struct{}{}
// }(i)
//}
//
//for j := 0; j < num; j++ {
// <- ch
//}
}