Python多线程join()的用法

在 Python 的多线程编程中，在实例代码中经常有 thread1.join()这样的代码。那么今天咱们用实际代码来解释一下 join 函数的作用。

 

join的原理就是依次检验线程池中的线程是否结束，没有结束就阻塞直到线程结束，如果结束则跳转执行下一个线程的join函数。

 

先看看这个：

1. 阻塞主进程，专注于执行多线程中的程序。

# 测试多线程中join的功能
import threading, time
def doWaiting():
    print('thread %s is running345...' % threading.current_thread().name)
    print ('start waiting1: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
    time.sleep(10)
    print ('stop waiting1: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n")
def doWaiting1():
    print('thread %s is running567' % threading.current_thread().name)
    print( 'start waiting2: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
    time.sleep(8)
    print ('stop waiting2: ', time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
print('thread %s is running123...' % threading.current_thread().name)
tsk = []
thread1 = threading.Thread(target = doWaiting,name='thread1')
thread1.start()
thread1.join()
print('thread %s is running123...' % threading.current_thread().name)
tsk.append(thread1)
thread2 = threading.Thread(target = doWaiting1,name='thread2')
thread2.start()
# thread2.join()
tsk.append(thread2)
print ('start join: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"   )
# for tt in tsk:
#     tt.start()
#     tt.join()
print ('end join: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n")

结果

thread MainThread is running123...
thread thread1 is running345...
start waiting1: 23:49:23

stop waiting1: 23:49:33

thread MainThread is running123...
thread thread2 is running567
start waiting2: 23:49:33

start join: 23:49:33

end join: 23:49:33

stop waiting2:  23:49:41

2. 多线程多join的情况下，依次执行各线程的join方法，前头一个结束了才能执行后面一个。

3. 无参数，则等待到该线程结束，才开始执行下一个线程的join。

import threading, time
def doWaiting():
    print ('start waiting1: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
    time.sleep(10)
    print ('stop waiting1: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n")
def doWaiting1():
    print( 'start waiting2: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
    time.sleep(8)
    print ('stop waiting2: ', time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
tsk = []
thread1 = threading.Thread(target = doWaiting)
thread1.start()
thread1.join()
tsk.append(thread1)
thread2 = threading.Thread(target = doWaiting1)
thread2.start()
tsk.append(thread2)
print ('start join: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"   )
# for tt in tsk:
#     tt.join()
print ('end join: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n")

结果

start waiting1: 23:31:50

stop waiting1: 23:32:00

start waiting2: 23:32:00

start join: 23:32:00

4. 参数timeout为线程的阻塞时间，如 timeout=6 就是执行这个线程6s 以后，就不管他了，继续执行下面的代码。

import threading, time
def doWaiting():
    print ('start waiting1: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
    time.sleep(10)
    print ('stop waiting1: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n")
def doWaiting1():
    print( 'start waiting2: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
    time.sleep(8)
    print ('stop waiting2: ', time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
tsk = []
thread1 = threading.Thread(target = doWaiting)
thread1.start()
thread1.join(6)
tsk.append(thread1)
thread2 = threading.Thread(target = doWaiting1)
thread2.start()
tsk.append(thread2)
print ('start join: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"   )
# for tt in tsk:
#     tt.join()
print ('end join: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n")

结果

start waiting1: 23:30:56

start waiting2: 23:31:02

start join: 23:31:02

end join: 23:31:02

注意thread.start(),thread.join()要连着用才能体现出join()阻塞线程的作用

# 测试多线程中join的功能
import threading, time
def doWaiting():
    print ('start waiting1: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
    time.sleep(10)
    print ('stop waiting1: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n")
def doWaiting1():
    print( 'start waiting2: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
    time.sleep(8)
    print ('stop waiting2: ', time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
tsk = []
thread1 = threading.Thread(target = doWaiting)
thread1.start()
# thread1.join()
tsk.append(thread1)
thread2 = threading.Thread(target = doWaiting1)
thread2.start()
tsk.append(thread2)
print ('start join: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"   )
for tt in tsk:
    # tt.start()
    tt.join()
print ('end join: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n")

start waiting1: 23:39:12

start waiting2: 23:39:12
start join: 23:39:12


stop waiting2:  23:39:20

stop waiting1: 23:39:22

end join: 23:39:22

本来我们想的是thread1完全执行完了，再执行thread2,但事实是因为thread2 sleep了8秒更早结束了，然后thread1 sleep了10才结束

再看看连着的

# 测试多线程中join的功能
import threading, time
def doWaiting():
    print ('start waiting1: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
    time.sleep(10)
    print ('stop waiting1: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n")
def doWaiting1():
    print( 'start waiting2: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
    time.sleep(8)
    print ('stop waiting2: ', time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n" )
tsk = []
thread1 = threading.Thread(target = doWaiting)
# thread1.start()
# thread1.join()
tsk.append(thread1)
thread2 = threading.Thread(target = doWaiting1)
# thread2.start()
tsk.append(thread2)
print ('start join: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n"   )
for tt in tsk:
    tt.start()
    tt.join()
print ('end join: ' + time.strftime('%H:%M:%S') + "\n")

结果

start join: 23:42:34

start waiting1: 23:42:34

stop waiting1: 23:42:44

start waiting2: 23:42:44

stop waiting2:  23:42:52

end join: 23:42:52