AsyncTask 复用

说明

线程请求数据，ui线程显示数据的实现有很多种途径．这里介绍的是如何修改AsyncTask让其实例能够重复使用．
由于AsyncTask每次执行的时候只能通过new一个实例来调用execute.在项目中使用的时候个人感觉有点难受．
比如如果设计了如下的fragment基类，用于后台请求和ui线程处理的话，如果使用普通AsyncTask就不得不断的new AsyncTask．

public abstract class FragmentBase<AsyncTaskParams, AsyncTaskProgress, AsyncTaskResult> extends Fragment{
    protected Context mContext;
    private final MyAsync myAsync = new MyAsync();
    protected void showLoadingDialog() {
        LoadingDialog.showLoading(mContext, getResources().getString(R.string.loading_update_data_hint),true);
    }

    protected void stopLoadingDialog() {
        LoadingDialog.stopLoading();
    }

    @Override
    public void onAttach(@NonNull Context context) {
        super.onAttach(context);
        mContext = context;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    }

    @Override
    public void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    public void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
      
    }

    @Override
    public void onStop() {
        myAsync.cancelAll(true);
        super.onStop();
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    @SafeVarargs
    protected final void startAsyncTask(AsyncTaskParams... params) {
        myAsync.execute(params);
    }
    protected abstract void onPreExecuteImp();
    protected abstract AsyncTaskResult doInBackgroundImp(AsyncTaskParams... params);
    protected abstract void onPostExecuteImp(AsyncTaskResult result);
    @SuppressLint("StaticFieldLeak")
    private class MyAsync extends ReuseAsyncTask<AsyncTaskParams, AsyncTaskProgress, AsyncTaskResult> {
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            LogUtils.d("MyAsync--onPreExecute");
            showLoadingDialog();
            FragmentBase.this.onPreExecuteImp();
        }

        @SafeVarargs
        @Override
        protected final AsyncTaskResult doInBackground(AsyncTaskParams... params) {
            LogUtils.d("MyAsync--doInBackground thread.name="+Thread.currentThread().getName());
            AsyncTaskResult asyncTaskResult = FragmentBase.this.doInBackgroundImp(params);
            LogUtils.d("MyAsync--doInBackground after get result");
            return asyncTaskResult;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onCancelled() {
            stopLoadingDialog();
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(AsyncTaskResult result) {
            stopLoadingDialog();
            if (result == null) {
                return;
            }
            Lifecycle.State currentState = getLifecycle().getCurrentState();
            LogUtils.d("FragmentBase--onPostExecute currentState="+currentState);
            if (!currentState.isAtLeast(Lifecycle.State.CREATED)) {
                return;
            }

            FragmentBase.this.onPostExecuteImp(result);
        }
    }

    protected void hideKeyBoard(View v) {
        InputMethodManager inputMethodManager = (InputMethodManager) getActivity().getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
        if (inputMethodManager.isActive()) {
            inputMethodManager.hideSoftInputFromWindow(v.getApplicationWindowToken(), 0);
        }
    }
}

修改

研究了AsyncTask的源码后你会发现，AsyncTask本身是具有复用潜能的,它没有使用系统级别或hide级别的系统api,所以修改的时候只需要完整复制它的代码即可进行进一步修改．线程池，队列等内在逻辑天生具有复用的可能性．AsyncTask源码大家自己研究下，我这里仅仅贴出我修改后的代码．注意AsyncTask中的有些方法我不需要用到就没做处理.大家可以根据自己的需求进行修改．如对某一次的Future进行关闭操作我没用到就没处理．

import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.Process;
import android.util.Log;

import androidx.annotation.MainThread;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.annotation.WorkerThread;

import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

public abstract class ReuseAsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> {
    private static final String LOG_TAG = "RepeatUseAsyncTask";

    private static final int CPU_COUNT = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();
    // We want at least 2 threads and at most 4 threads in the core pool,
    // preferring to have 1 less than the CPU count to avoid saturating
    // the CPU with background work
    private static final int CORE_POOL_SIZE = Math.max(2, Math.min(CPU_COUNT - 1, 4));
    private static final int MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE = CPU_COUNT * 2 + 1;
    private static final int KEEP_ALIVE_SECONDS = 30;

    private static final ThreadFactory sThreadFactory = new ThreadFactory() {
        private final AtomicInteger mCount = new AtomicInteger(1);

        public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
            return new Thread(r, "RepeatUseAsyncTask #" + mCount.getAndIncrement());
        }
    };

    private static final BlockingQueue<Runnable> sPoolWorkQueue =
            new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>(128);

    /**
     * An {@link Executor} that can be used to execute tasks in parallel.
     */
    public static final Executor THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR;
    private static final String TAG = "ReuseAsyncTask";

    static {
        ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
                CORE_POOL_SIZE, MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE_SECONDS, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                sPoolWorkQueue, sThreadFactory);
        threadPoolExecutor.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);
        THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR = threadPoolExecutor;
    }

    /**
     * An {@link Executor} that executes tasks one at a time in serial
     * order.  This serialization is global to a particular process.
     */
    public static final SerialExecutor SERIAL_EXECUTOR = new SerialExecutor();

    private static final int MESSAGE_POST_RESULT = 0x1;
    private static final int MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS = 0x2;

    private static final SerialExecutor sDefaultExecutor = SERIAL_EXECUTOR;
    private static InternalHandler sHandler;

    private final WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> mWorker;
    private /*final*/ FutureTask<Result> mFuture;

    private volatile ReuseAsyncTask.Status mStatus = ReuseAsyncTask.Status.PENDING;

    private final AtomicBoolean mCancelled = new AtomicBoolean();
    private final AtomicBoolean mTaskInvoked = new AtomicBoolean();

    private final Handler mHandler;

    private static class SerialExecutor implements Executor {
        final ArrayDeque<Runnable> mTasks = new ArrayDeque<Runnable>();
        Runnable mActive;

        public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {
   /*         mTasks.offer(new Runnable() {
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        r.run();
                    } finally {
                        scheduleNext();
                    }
                }
            });*/
            mTasks.offer(r);
            if (mActive == null) {
                scheduleNext();
            }
        }

        public synchronized void scheduleNext() {
            if ((mActive = mTasks.poll()) != null) {
                THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Indicates the current status of the task. Each status will be set only once
     * during the lifetime of a task.
     */
    public enum Status {
        /**
         * Indicates that the task has not been executed yet.
         */
        PENDING,
        /**
         * Indicates that the task is running.
         */
        RUNNING,
        /**
         * Indicates that {@linkRepeatUseAsyncTask#onPostExecute} has finished.
         */
        FINISHED,
    }

    private static Handler getMainHandler() {
        synchronized (ReuseAsyncTask.class) {
            if (sHandler == null) {
                sHandler = new InternalHandler(Looper.getMainLooper());
            }
            return sHandler;
        }
    }

    private Handler getHandler() {
        return mHandler;
    }

/*    *//** @hide *//*
    public static void setDefaultExecutor(Executor exec) {
        sDefaultExecutor = exec;
    }*/

    /**
     * Creates a new asynchronous task. This constructor must be invoked on the UI thread.
     */
    public ReuseAsyncTask() {
        this((Looper) null);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new asynchronous task. This constructor must be invoked on the UI thread.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public ReuseAsyncTask(@Nullable Handler handler) {
        this(handler != null ? handler.getLooper() : null);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new asynchronous task. This constructor must be invoked on the UI thread.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public ReuseAsyncTask(@Nullable Looper callbackLooper) {
        mHandler = callbackLooper == null || callbackLooper == Looper.getMainLooper()
                ? getMainHandler()
                : new Handler(callbackLooper);

        mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {
            public Result call() throws Exception {
                mTaskInvoked.set(true);
                Result result = null;
                try {
                    Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
                    //noinspection unchecked
                    result = doInBackground(mParams);
                    Binder.flushPendingCommands();
                } catch (Throwable tr) {
                    mCancelled.set(true);
                    throw tr;
                } finally {
                    postResult(result);
                }
                return result;
            }
        };

/*        mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) {
            private int mID;
            public void setID(int id) {
                mID = id;
            }
            @Override
            public void run() {
                super.run();
                ((SerialExecutor)sDefaultExecutor).scheduleNext();
            }

            @Override
            protected void done() {
                try {
                    postResultIfNotInvoked(get());
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);
                } catch (ExecutionException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException("An error occurred while executing doInBackground()",
                            e.getCause());
                } catch (CancellationException e) {
                    postResultIfNotInvoked(null);
                }
            }
        };*/
    }

    private void postResultIfNotInvoked(Result result) {
        final boolean wasTaskInvoked = mTaskInvoked.get();
        if (!wasTaskInvoked) {
            postResult(result);
        }
    }

    private Result postResult(Result result) {
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        Message message = getHandler().obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT,
                new AsyncTaskResult<Result>(this, result));
        message.sendToTarget();
        return result;
    }

    public final ReuseAsyncTask.Status getStatus() {
        return mStatus;
    }

    @WorkerThread
    protected abstract Result doInBackground(Params... params);

    @MainThread
    protected void onPreExecute() {
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({"UnusedDeclaration"})
    @MainThread
    protected void onPostExecute(Result result) {
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({"UnusedDeclaration"})
    @MainThread
    protected void onProgressUpdate(Progress... values) {
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({"UnusedParameters"})
    @MainThread
    protected void onCancelled(Result result) {
        onCancelled();
    }

    @MainThread
    protected void onCancelled() {
    }

    public final boolean isCancelled() {
        return mCancelled.get();
    }
    public final boolean cancelAll(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) {
        mCancelled.set(true);
        boolean result = true;
        for (Runnable runnable : sDefaultExecutor.mTasks) {
            MyFutureTask<Result> runnable1 = (MyFutureTask<Result>) runnable;
            boolean cancel = runnable1.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning);
            Log.d(TAG, "cancelAll: cancel="+cancel);
            result&=cancel;
        }
        Log.d(TAG, "cancelAll: result="+result);
        return result;
    }

  /*  public final boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) {
        mCancelled.set(true);
        return mFuture.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning);
    }*/

/*    public final Result get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
        return mFuture.get();
    }

    public final Result get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException,
            ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
        return mFuture.get(timeout, unit);
    }*/

    @MainThread
    public final ReuseAsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params) {
        return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);
    }

    @MainThread
    public final ReuseAsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec,
                                                                                                       Params... params) {
   /*     if (mStatus !=RepeatUseAsyncTask.Status.PENDING) {
            switch (mStatus) {
                case RUNNING:
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
                            + " the task is already running.");
                case FINISHED:
                    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
                            + " the task has already been executed "
                            + "(a task can be executed only once)");
            }
        }*/

        mStatus = ReuseAsyncTask.Status.RUNNING;

        onPreExecute();

        mWorker.mParams = params;
//        exec.execute(mFuture);
        MyFutureTask<Result> futureTask = new MyFutureTask<>(mWorker);
        exec.execute(futureTask);

        return this;
    }
    private class MyFutureTask<V extends Result> extends FutureTask<V> {
        private int mID;
        private boolean mStopNotify = false;
        public MyFutureTask(Callable<V> callable) {
            super(callable);
        }

        public MyFutureTask(Runnable runnable, V result) {
            super(runnable, result);
        }

        public void setID(int id) {
            mID = id;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            super.run();
            sDefaultExecutor.scheduleNext();
        }

        @Override
        protected void done() {
            try {
                postResultIfNotInvoked(get());
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);
            } catch (ExecutionException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("An error occurred while executing doInBackground()",
                        e.getCause());
            } catch (CancellationException e) {
                postResultIfNotInvoked(null);
            }
        }

        public boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning,boolean stopNotify) {
            mStopNotify = stopNotify;
            return super.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning);
        }


    }

    @MainThread
    public static void execute(Runnable runnable) {
        sDefaultExecutor.execute(runnable);
    }

    @WorkerThread
    protected final void publishProgress(Progress... values) {
        if (!isCancelled()) {
            getHandler().obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS,
                    new AsyncTaskResult<Progress>(this, values)).sendToTarget();
        }
    }

    private void finish(Result result) {
        if (isCancelled()) {
            onCancelled(result);
        } else {
            onPostExecute(result);
        }
        mStatus = ReuseAsyncTask.Status.FINISHED;
    }

    private static class InternalHandler extends Handler {
        public InternalHandler(Looper looper) {
            super(looper);
        }

        @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"})
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            AsyncTaskResult<?> result = (AsyncTaskResult<?>) msg.obj;
            switch (msg.what) {
                case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:
                    // There is only one result
                    result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);
                    break;
                case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:
                    result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    private static abstract class WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> implements Callable<Result> {
        Params[] mParams;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({"RawUseOfParameterizedType"})
    private static class AsyncTaskResult<Data> {
        final ReuseAsyncTask mTask;
        final Data[] mData;

        AsyncTaskResult(ReuseAsyncTask task, Data... data) {
            mTask = task;
            mData = data;
        }
    }
}