CentOS7.6.1810增加swap空间操作说明

下文仅是操作说明未进行原理解释

一、查看已有swap空间

[root@elk001 home]# free -h
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:            31G        3.0G        2.0G        644M         26G         27G
Swap:            9G        3.7M          9G

二、新增swap分区空间

# df -h 查看系统空间使用情况，确定在/opt下创建创建swapfile
[root@elk001 home]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root  550G   44G  507G   8% /
devtmpfs                  16G     0   16G   0% /dev
tmpfs                     16G     0   16G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     16G  649M   15G   5% /run
tmpfs                     16G     0   16G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1               1014M  166M  849M  17% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home   39G   33M   39G   1% /home
tmpfs                    3.2G     0  3.2G   0% /run/user/0

# 1、使用dd创建swapfile，bs单位bytes，也可以手动指定单位为M或者G，count为计数，例子为增加1M*1024*22=22G空间
[root@elk001 /]# cd /opt/
[root@elk001 opt]# mkdir swap
[root@elk001 opt]# cd swap/
[root@elk001 swap]# dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1M count=22528
22528+0 records in
22528+0 records out
23622320128 bytes (24 GB) copied, 114.912 s, 206 MB/s
# 2、mkswap创建交换文件
[root@elk001 swap]# mkswap swapfile 
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 23068668 KiB
no label, UUID=0a6248e0-1cf3-4c55-8994-ea158e670a38
# 3、swapon激活
[root@elk001 swap]# swapon swapfile 
swapon: /opt/swap/swapfile: insecure permissions 0644, 0600 suggest
# 4、查看增加后swap空间
[root@elk001 swap]# free  -h
total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:            31G        3.0G        1.2G        644M         27G         27G
Swap:           31G        3.7M         31G
# 5、开机启动
[root@elk001 ~]# cat /etc/fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Mar  2 23:59:04 2021
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=e66e22fd-4545-48e7-9150-b97d0fc9d249 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-home /home                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/opt/swap/swapfile      swap                    swap    defaults        0 0 #开启开机自启

# 6、去掉增加swap
# 查看
[root@elk001 ~]# free -h
# 停用
[root@elk001 swap]# swapoff swapfile
# 删除
[root@elk001 swap]# rm -rf swapfile 
# 确定
[root@elk001 swap]# free -h
# 删除随即启动swap
[root@elk001 ~]# cat /etc/fstab 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Mar  2 23:59:04 2021
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=e66e22fd-4545-48e7-9150-b97d0fc9d249 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-home /home                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
# /opt/swap/swapfile      swap                    swap    defaults        0 0 #开启开机自启