下文仅是操作说明未进行原理解释
一、查看已有swap空间
[root@elk001 home]# free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 31G 3.0G 2.0G 644M 26G 27G
Swap: 9G 3.7M 9G
二、新增swap分区空间
# df -h 查看系统空间使用情况,确定在/opt下创建创建swapfile
[root@elk001 home]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 550G 44G 507G 8% /
devtmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 16G 649M 15G 5% /run
tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 1014M 166M 849M 17% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 39G 33M 39G 1% /home
tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/0
# 1、使用dd创建swapfile,bs单位bytes,也可以手动指定单位为M或者G,count为计数,例子为增加1M*1024*22=22G空间
[root@elk001 /]# cd /opt/
[root@elk001 opt]# mkdir swap
[root@elk001 opt]# cd swap/
[root@elk001 swap]# dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1M count=22528
22528+0 records in
22528+0 records out
23622320128 bytes (24 GB) copied, 114.912 s, 206 MB/s
# 2、mkswap创建交换文件
[root@elk001 swap]# mkswap swapfile
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 23068668 KiB
no label, UUID=0a6248e0-1cf3-4c55-8994-ea158e670a38
# 3、swapon激活
[root@elk001 swap]# swapon swapfile
swapon: /opt/swap/swapfile: insecure permissions 0644, 0600 suggest
# 4、查看增加后swap空间
[root@elk001 swap]# free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 31G 3.0G 1.2G 644M 27G 27G
Swap: 31G 3.7M 31G
# 5、开机启动
[root@elk001 ~]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Mar 2 23:59:04 2021
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=e66e22fd-4545-48e7-9150-b97d0fc9d249 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-home /home xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/opt/swap/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0 #开启开机自启
# 6、去掉增加swap
# 查看
[root@elk001 ~]# free -h
# 停用
[root@elk001 swap]# swapoff swapfile
# 删除
[root@elk001 swap]# rm -rf swapfile
# 确定
[root@elk001 swap]# free -h
# 删除随即启动swap
[root@elk001 ~]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Mar 2 23:59:04 2021
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=e66e22fd-4545-48e7-9150-b97d0fc9d249 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-home /home xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
# /opt/swap/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0 #开启开机自启