设计模式之工厂方法模式

2. 工厂方法模式

• 结构
  抽象工厂Factory + 具体工厂ConcreteFactory + 抽象产品Product + 具体产品ConcreteProduct
• 适用环境
  客户端不知道它所需要的对象的类，抽象工厂类通过其子类来指定创建哪个对象。
• 实现

public interface Factory {
   public Product createProduct();
}

public class ProductAFactory implements Factory {
   @Override
   public Product createProduct() {
       System.out.println("产品A初始化");
       Product product = new ProductA();
       return product;
   }
}

public class ProductBFactory implements Factory {
   @Override
   public Product createProduct() {
       System.out.println("产品B初始化");
       Product product = new ProductB();
       return product;
   }
}

public interface Product {
   public void productDetaile();
}

public class ProductA implements Product{
   @Override
   public void productDetaile() {
       System.out.println("产品A详情");
   }
}

public class ProductB implements Product {
   @Override
   public void productDetaile() {
       System.out.println("产品B详情");
   }
}

public class Client {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       Factory factory;
       Product product;
       factory = (Factory)XMLUtils.getBean();
       product = factory.createProduct();
       product.productDetaile();
   }
}

控制台输出：
产品B初始化
产品B详情

//该方法用于从XML配置文件中提取类的类名，并返回实例对象
   public static Object getBean(){
       try {
           DocumentBuilderFactory dFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
           DocumentBuilder builder = dFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
           Document doc;
           doc = builder.parse(new File("resources//createPattern//factoryMethod//config.xml"));

           NodeList nodeList = doc.getElementsByTagName("className");
           Node firstChild = nodeList.item(0).getFirstChild();
           String className = firstChild.getNodeValue().trim();

           Class c = Class.forName(className);
           Object object = c.newInstance();
           return object;
       }catch (Exception e){
           e.printStackTrace();
           return null;
       }
   }

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<config>
   <className>createPattern.factoryMethod.ProductBFactory</className>
</config>