按键查询法驱动程序分析

程序分析

/*目的 按键驱动 查询方式
①写出框架
           第一步*/
           static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {
           .owner  =   THIS_MODULE,    /* 这是一个宏，推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */
           .open   =   second_drv_open,     
           .read    =   second_drv_read,       
                 };
           //第二步
            static int second_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file){

            }
            ssize_t second_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos){

            }
            //第三步 入口函数  修饰入口函数    出口函数  修饰出口函数
            static int second_drv_init(void){
            register_chrdev(0, "second_drv", &sencod_drv_fops);//注册驱动
            }

            static void second_drv_exit(void){
            unregister_chrdev(major, "second_drv");//卸载驱动   

            }
            module_init(second_drv_init); //修饰让内核识别

            module_exit(second_drv_exit);

            //第四步 给内核提供更多信息，udev机制可以自动创建设备节点  
                // a定义两个结构体
                 static struct class *seconddrv_class;
                 static struct class_device *seconddrv_class_dev;
                 /*b 在入口函数里创建一个类 然后在类里面再创建一个设备*/
                  seconddrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "second_drv");

                  seconddrv_class_dev = class_device_create(seconddrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */    
                  //c 在出口里卸载掉
                  class_device_unregister(seconddrv_class_dev);
                  class_destroy(seconddrv_class);
            //第五步 
                  MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
//②硬件操作
        /* 入口函数进行地址映射
         open()配置引脚
         read()函数返回引脚状态
                   ①定义寄存器*/
                   volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;
                   volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;

                   volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;
                   volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;
                   //②在入口函数里建立地址映射
                   gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);
                   gpfdat = gpfcon + 1;

                   gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16);
                   gpgdat = gpgcon + 1;
                   //③出口函数解除映射
                   iounmap(gpfcon);
                   iounmap(gpgcon);
                  // ④open函数中配置引脚
                   /* 配置GPF0,2为输入引脚 */
                  *gpfcon &= ~((0x3<<(0*2)) | (0x3<<(2*2)));

                 /* 配置GPG3,11为输入引脚 */
                  *gpgcon &= ~((0x3<<(3*2)) | (0x3<<(11*2)));
                   //⑤read函数中返回引脚状态

                  /* 返回4个引脚的电平 */
                  unsigned char key_vals[4];
                  int regval;

                  if (size != sizeof(key_vals))//判断是否返回成功
                  return -EINVAL;              //错误返回

              /* 读GPF0,2 */
                 regval = *gpfdat;      //如果bit0 =1，则key_vals[0]=1,否则key_vals[0]=0
                 key_vals[0] = (regval & (1<<0)) ? 1 : 0;
                 key_vals[1] = (regval & (1<<2)) ? 1 : 0;


               /* 读GPG3,11 */
               regval = *gpgdat;
               key_vals[2] = (regval & (1<<3)) ? 1 : 0;
               key_vals[3] = (regval & (1<<11)) ? 1 : 0;

               copy_to_user(buf, key_vals, sizeof(key_vals));//这些值返回给用户程序

               return sizeof(key_vals);  //成功返回

驱动程序

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>

static struct class *seconddrv_class;
static struct class_device  *seconddrv_class_dev;

volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;

volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;

static int second_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    /* 配置GPF0,2为输入引脚 */
    *gpfcon &= ~((0x3<<(0*2)) | (0x3<<(2*2)));

    /* 配置GPG3,11为输入引脚 */
    *gpgcon &= ~((0x3<<(3*2)) | (0x3<<(11*2)));

    return 0;
}

ssize_t second_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
    /* 返回4个引脚的电平 */
    unsigned char key_vals[4];
    int regval;

    if (size != sizeof(key_vals))//判断是否返回成功
        return -EINVAL;   //错误返回

    /* 读GPF0,2 */
    regval = *gpfdat;      //如果bit0 =1，则key_vals[0]=1,否则key_vals[0]=0
    key_vals[0] = (regval & (1<<0)) ? 1 : 0;
    key_vals[1] = (regval & (1<<2)) ? 1 : 0;


    /* 读GPG3,11 */
    regval = *gpgdat;
    key_vals[2] = (regval & (1<<3)) ? 1 : 0;
    key_vals[3] = (regval & (1<<11)) ? 1 : 0;

    copy_to_user(buf, key_vals, sizeof(key_vals));//这些值返回给用户程序

    return sizeof(key_vals);  //成功返回
}


static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {
    .owner  =   THIS_MODULE,    /* 这是一个宏，推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */
    .open   =   second_drv_open,     
    .read   =   second_drv_read,       
};


int major;
static int second_drv_init(void)
{
    major = register_chrdev(0, "second_drv", &sencod_drv_fops);

    seconddrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "second_drv");

    seconddrv_class_dev = class_device_create(seconddrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */

    gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);
    gpfdat = gpfcon + 1;

    gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16);
    gpgdat = gpgcon + 1;

    return 0;
}

static void second_drv_exit(void)
{
    unregister_chrdev(major, "second_drv");
    class_device_unregister(seconddrv_class_dev);
    class_destroy(seconddrv_class);
    iounmap(gpfcon);
    iounmap(gpgcon);
    return 0;
}


module_init(second_drv_init);

module_exit(second_drv_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

测试程序

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>

/* seconddrvtest 
  */
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int fd;
    unsigned char key_vals[4];//定义读出的键值保存的数组
    int cnt = 0;

    fd = open("/dev/buttons", O_RDWR);    //打开的设备
    if (fd < 0)
    {
        printf("can't open!\n");
    }

    while (1)
    {
        read(fd, key_vals, sizeof(key_vals));
        if (!key_vals[0] || !key_vals[1] || !key_vals[2] || !key_vals[3])//判断按键是否按下
        {
            printf("%04d key pressed: %d %d %d %d\n", cnt++, key_vals[0], key_vals[1], key_vals[2], key_vals[3]);
        }
    }

    return 0;
}