ElasticSearch23：初识搜索引擎_multi-index&multi-type搜索模式解析以及搜索原理图解

1.multi-index&multi-type搜索模式

使用 GET /_search  可以将所有索引，所有type下的所有数据搜索出来；也可以指定在某个索引下，某个type下进行搜索数据 GET /test_index/_search

同时，我们可以进行多个索引下的搜索

1）：新建一个索引数据：

PUT /test_index1/test_type/100
{
  "name":"hello123"
}

这样，我们就有两个索引了test_index1和test_index

我们可以这样进行查询，这就是multi-index

GET /test_index,test_index1/_search  

 

查询结果：

{
  "took": 6,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 10,
    "successful": 10,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 15,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "10",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test_201712291052",
          "test_field2": "test002"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "QIBLoGABN5gu7um0xJGZ",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "ids": [
            1,
            2
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "8",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "xxx81",
          "test_field2": "xxx00000000"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index1",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "100",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "hello123"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "xxxxx000"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "Q4BLoGABN5gu7um0_ZEr",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "ids": [
            1,
            2,
            10
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "RIBLoGABN5gu7um0_pFy",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "ids": [
            1,
            2,
            10
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "xxx",
          "test_field2": "xxx2"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "7",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "xxx71"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "QoBLoGABN5gu7um0-ZGx",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "ids": [
            1,
            2,
            10
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

2）：我们可以搜索以test_index开头的所有索引的数据

新增一个test_index3的数据

PUT /test_index3/test_type/99
{
  "test":"test123"
}

执行下面的命令

GET /test_*/_search

执行结果：可以看到查询出了test_index,test_index1,test_index3的所有的数据了，（数据太多，删除了一些）

{
  "took": 8,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 15,
    "successful": 15,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 17,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index3",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "99",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test": "test123"
        }
      },
    
      {
        "_index": "test_index1",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "100",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "hello123"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "xxxxx000"
        }
      },
    
      }
    ]
  }
}

3）搜索一个index下指定的type的数据

GET /test_index3/test_type/_search

执行结果：

{
  "took": 5,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 2,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index3",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "99",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test": "test123"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index3",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test": "test123"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

4）.搜索一个index下多个type的数据

GET /index/type1,type2/_search

例子：

GET /test_index/test_type,my_testtype/_search

执行结果：

{
  "took": 5,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 2,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "zhejiang"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "my_testtype",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test1"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

5）.搜索一个index匹配的type的数据

GET /index/*1,*2/_search

6）.搜索多个index下多个type的数据

GET /index1,index2/type1,type2/_search

例子：

GET /test_index,test_index1/test_type,my_testtype/_search

执行结果：

{
  "took": 6,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 10,
    "successful": 10,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "zhejiang"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "my_testtype",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test1"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index1",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "hello123"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

7）.搜索所有的index下制定type的数据

GET /_all/type1,type2/_search

例子：

GET /_all/test_type,my_testtype/_search

执行结果

{
  "took": 12,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 16,
    "successful": 16,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 4,
    "max_score": 1,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "zhejiang"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index",
        "_type": "my_testtype",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test1"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test_index1",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "name": "hello123"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "text_index",
        "_type": "test_type",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1,
        "_source": {
          "test_field": "test2"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

8）.注意，在新版本6.1.1中，不能再同一个index中插入多个type

2.搜索请求的原理

client发送一个搜索请求，会把请求打到所有的primary shard上去执行，因为每个shard都包含部分数据，所以每个shard上都可能会包含搜索请求的结果

但是如果primary shard有replica shard，那么请求可能打到replica shard上去。

如果有可能命中的shard：R0，P1，P2，也可能是P0，R1，R2等等