PHP装饰模式

装饰模式定义：
 装饰模式是在不改变原类文件和使用继承的情况下，动态地扩展一个对象的功能。

 装饰模式角色：
 抽象构件(Component)角色：定义一个对象接口，可以给这些对象动态地添加职责。
 具体构件角色：定义一个将要接收附加职责的类。
 装饰角色：持有一个Component对象，并定义一个与Component接口一致的接口。
 具体装饰角色：负责给构件对象增加额外的职责。

在电商平台，常常会用到红包，优惠券，打折等促销活动，客户在实际支付时需要减去促销部分的金额，这里只考虑一次支付只能使用一种优惠，那么可以将订单金额看作是被装饰的对象，红包，优惠券等看作是装饰对象。

本代码使用Yii2.0实现

抽象构件：

<?php
namespace common\services;

use Yii;

/**
 * 定义金额接口
 * Interface AmountInterface
 *
 * @package common\services
 */
interface AmountInterface
{
    /**
     * 获取支付金额
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getPayAmount();
}

具体构件：

<?php
namespace common\services;

use common\services\AmountInterface;
use Yii;

/**
 * 金额具体类
 * Class PayAmountService
 *
 * @package common\services
 */
class PayAmountService implements AmountInterface
{
    /**
     * 获取支付金额
     * @return int
     */
    public function getPayAmount()
    {
        $orderAmount = 100;

        return $orderAmount;
    }
}

装饰角色：

<?php
namespace common\services;

use common\services\AmountInterface;
use Yii;

/**
 * 装饰类父类
 * Class DecoratorAmountService
 *
 * @package common\services
 */
abstract class DecoratorAmountService implements AmountInterface
{
    protected $component;

    public function __construct(AmountInterface $component) {
        $this->component = $component;
    }

    /**
     * 获取支付金额
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getPayAmount()
    {
        return $this->component->getPayAmount();
    }
}
具体装饰角色：

<?php
namespace common\services;

use common\services\DecoratorAmountService;
use Yii;

/**
 * 优惠券类
 * Class CouponAmountService
 *
 * @package common\services
 */
class CouponAmountService extends DecoratorAmountService
{
    public function __construct(AmountInterface $component)
    {
        parent::__construct($component);
    }

    /**
     * 获取支付金额
     *
     * @return int|mixed
     */
    public function getPayAmount()
    {
        $amount = parent::getPayAmount();
        $couponAmount = $this->getCouponAmount();

        return $amount - $couponAmount;
    }

    /**
     * 获取优惠券金额
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public function getCouponAmount()
    {
        $amount = 10;

        return $amount;
    }
}

<?php
namespace common\services;

use common\services\DecoratorAmountService;
use Yii;

/**
 * 红包类
 * Class RedbagAmountService
 *
 * @package common\services
 */
class RedbagAmountService extends DecoratorAmountService
{
    public function __construct(AmountInterface $component)
    {
        parent::__construct($component);
    }

    /**
     * 获取支付金额
     *
     * @return int|mixed
     */
    public function getPayAmount()
    {
        $amount = parent::getPayAmount();
        $redbagAmount = $this->getRedbagAmount();

        return $amount - $redbagAmount;
    }

    /**
     * 获取红包金额
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public function getRedbagAmount()
    {
        $amount = 5;

        return $amount;
    }
}

测试：

<?php
namespace backend\controllers;

use common\services\PayAmountService;
use common\services\CouponAmountService;
use common\services\RedbagAmountService;
use Yii;
use yii\web\Controller;

class DecoratorTestController extends Controller
{

    /**
     * 测试
     */
    public function actionIndex()
    {
        $compent = new PayAmountService();
        $couponObj = new CouponAmountService($compent);
        $redbagObj = new RedbagAmountService($compent);
        $payAmount = $couponObj->getPayAmount();
        echo 'use coupon,payamount:'.$payAmount;
        $payAmount = $redbagObj->getPayAmount();
        echo 'use redbag,payamount:'.$payAmount;
    }
}