yum 安装 MariaDB及配置

1、安装MariaDB

yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

启动MariaDB

systemctl start mariadb

设置开机启动

systemctl enable mariadb

2、MariaDB配置

mysql_secure_installation --直接回车

Set root password? [Y/n] <– 输入y并回车

New password: <– 设置root密码
Re-enter new password: <– 再输入密码
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否删除匿名用户，回车
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root远程登录,回车,
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否删除test数据库，回车
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加载权限表，回车
初始化MariaDB完成，测试登录
mysql -uroot -ppassword

2、配置MariaDB的字符集
vi /etc/my.cnf
在[mysqld]标签下添加

init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci' 
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 
character-set-server=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci skip-character-set-client-handshake

vi /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
在[client]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
在[mysql]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

配置完成，重启mariadb

systemctl restart mariadb

查看MariaDB字符集

mysql> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%";
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_unicode_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3、添加用户，设置权限

mysql>create user username@localhost identified by 'password'; ---创建用户命令
mysql>grant all on *.* to username@localhost identified by 'password';--直接创建用户并授权的命令
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'%' identified by 'password'; --授予外网登陆权限
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'hostname' identified by 'password' with grant option; --授予权限并且可以授权
mysql>flush privileges; --刷新权限
其中 all privileges或者all可改为select,insert,update,delete,create,drop,index,alter,grant,references,reload,shutdown,process,file。