go web框架-gin examples(一)

AsciiJSON

package main
func main() {
    r := gin.Default()

    r.GET("/someJSON", func(c *gin.Context) {
        data := map[string]interface{}{
            "lang": "GO语言",
            "tag":  "<br>",
        }

        // will output : {"lang":"GO\u8bed\u8a00","tag":"\u003cbr\u003e"}
        c.AsciiJSON(http.StatusOK, data)
    })

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run(":8080")
}

Bind form-data request with custom struct

package main

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

type StructA struct {
    FieldA string `form:"field_a"`
}

type StructB struct {
    NestedStruct StructA
    FieldB string `form:"field_b"`
}

type StructC struct {
    NestedStructPointer *StructA
    FieldC string `form:"field_c"`
}

type StructD struct {
    NestedAnonyStruct struct {
        FieldX string `form:"field_x"`
    }
    FieldD string `form:"field_d"`
}

func GetDataB(c *gin.Context) {
    var b StructB
    c.Bind(&b)
    c.JSON(200, gin.H{
        "a": b.NestedStruct,
        "b": b.FieldB,
    })
}

func GetDataC(c *gin.Context) {
    var b StructC
    c.Bind(&b)
    c.JSON(200, gin.H{
        "a": b.NestedStructPointer,
        "c": b.FieldC,
    })
}

func GetDataD(c *gin.Context) {
    var b StructD
    c.Bind(&b)
    c.JSON(200, gin.H{
        "x": b.NestedAnonyStruct,
        "d": b.FieldD,
    })
}

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()
    r.GET("/getb", GetDataB)
    r.GET("/getc", GetDataC)
    r.GET("/getd", GetDataD)

    r.Run()
}

Bind query string or post data

package main

import (
    "log"
    "time"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

type Person struct {
    Name     string    `form:"name"`
    Address  string    `form:"address"`
    Birthday time.Time `form:"birthday" time_format:"2006-01-02" time_utc:"1"`
}

func main() {
    route := gin.Default()
    route.GET("/testing", startPage)
    route.Run(":8085")
}

func startPage(c *gin.Context) {
    var person Person
    // If `GET`, only `Form` binding engine (`query`) used. 	// If `POST`, first checks the `content-type` for `JSON` or `XML`, then uses `Form` (`form-data`). 	// See more at https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/blob/master/binding/binding.go#L48 	if c.ShouldBind(&person) == nil {
        log.Println(person.Name)
        log.Println(person.Address)
        log.Println(person.Birthday)
    }

    c.String(200, "Success")
}

Bind Uri

package main

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

type Person struct {
    ID   string `uri:"id" binding:"required,uuid"`
    Name string `uri:"name" binding:"required"`
}

func main() {
    route := gin.Default()
    route.GET("/:name/:id", func(c *gin.Context) {
        var person Person
        if err := c.ShouldBindUri(&person); err != nil {
            c.JSON(400, gin.H{"msg": err})
            return
        }
        c.JSON(200, gin.H{"name": person.Name, "uuid": person.ID})
    })
    route.Run(":8088")
}

Build a single binary with templates

package main

import (
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
)

func main() {
    r := gin.New()

    t, err := loadTemplate()
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    r.SetHTMLTemplate(t)

    r.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "/html/index.tmpl", nil)
    })
    r.Run(":8080")
}

// loadTemplate loads templates embedded by go-assets-builder
func loadTemplate() (*template.Template, error) {
    t := template.New("")
    for name, file := range Assets.Files {
        if file.IsDir() || !strings.HasSuffix(name, ".tmpl") {
            continue
        }
        h, err := ioutil.ReadAll(file)
        if err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }
        t, err = t.New(name).Parse(string(h))
        if err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }
    }
    return t, nil
}

Controlling Log output coloring

Never colorize logs:

package main

import (
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
    // Disable log's color
    gin.DisableConsoleColor()
    
    // Creates a gin router with default middleware:
    // logger and recovery (crash-free) middleware
    router := gin.Default()
    
    router.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })
    
    router.Run(":8080")
}

Always colorize logs:

package main

import (
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
    // Force log's color
    gin.ForceConsoleColor()
    
    // Creates a gin router with default middleware:
    // logger and recovery (crash-free) middleware
    router := gin.Default()
    
    router.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })
    
    router.Run(":8080")
}

Custom HTTP configuration

package main

import (
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
    //router := gin.Default()

    //s := &http.Server{
    //	Addr:           ":8080",
    //	Handler:        router,
    //	ReadTimeout:    10 * time.Second,
    //	WriteTimeout:   10 * time.Second,
    //	MaxHeaderBytes: 1 << 20,
    //}
    //s.ListenAndServe()
    
    //or
    router := gin.Default()
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router)
    
}

Custom log file

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"time"
)

func main() {
    router := gin.New()
    // LoggerWithFormatter middleware will write the logs to gin.DefaultWriter
    // By default gin.DefaultWriter = os.Stdout
    router.Use(gin.LoggerWithFormatter(func(param gin.LogFormatterParams) string {
        // your custom format
        return fmt.Sprintf("%s - [%s] \"%s %s %s %d %s \"%s\" %s\"\n",
                param.ClientIP,
                param.TimeStamp.Format(time.RFC1123),
                param.Method,
                param.Path,
                param.Request.Proto,
                param.StatusCode,
                param.Latency,
                param.Request.UserAgent(),
                param.ErrorMessage,
        )
    }))
    router.Use(gin.Recovery())
    router.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.String(200, "pong")
    })
    router.Run(":8080")
}

Custom Middleware

package main

import (
	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
	"log"
	"time"
)

func Logger() gin.HandlerFunc {
    return func(c *gin.Context) {
        t := time.Now()

        // Set example variable
        c.Set("example", "12345")

        // before request

        c.Next()

        // after request
        latency := time.Since(t)
        log.Print(latency)

        // access the status we are sending
        status := c.Writer.Status()
        log.Println(status)
    }
}

func main() {
    r := gin.New()
    r.Use(Logger())

    r.GET("/test", func(c *gin.Context) {
        example := c.MustGet("example").(string)

        // it would print: "12345"
        log.Println(example)
    })

    // Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run(":8080")
}

Custom validators

package main

import (
    "net/http"
    "time"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
    "github.com/go-playground/validator/v10"
)

// Booking contains binded and validated data.
type Booking struct {
    CheckIn  time.Time `form:"check_in" binding:"required,bookabledate" time_format:"2006-01-02"`
    CheckOut time.Time `form:"check_out" binding:"required,gtfield=CheckIn,bookabledate" time_format:"2006-01-02"`
}

var bookableDate validator.Func = func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
    date, ok := fl.Field().Interface().(time.Time)
    if ok {
        today := time.Now()
        if today.After(date) {
            return false
        }
    }
    return true
}

func main() {
    route := gin.Default()

    if v, ok := binding.Validator.Engine().(*validator.Validate); ok {
        v.RegisterValidation("bookabledate", bookableDate)
    }

    route.GET("/bookable", getBookable)
    route.Run(":8085")
}

func getBookable(c *gin.Context) {
    var b Booking
    if err := c.ShouldBindWith(&b, binding.Query); err == nil {
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "Booking dates are valid!"})
    } else {
        c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
    }
}

Define format for the log of routes

package main

import (
    "log"
    "net/http"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()
    gin.DebugPrintRouteFunc = func(httpMethod, absolutePath, handlerName string, nuHandlers int) {
        log.Printf("endpoint %v %v %v %v\n", httpMethod, absolutePath, handlerName, nuHandlers)
    }

    r.POST("/foo", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, "foo")
    })

    r.GET("/bar", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, "bar")
    })

    r.GET("/status", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(http.StatusOK, "ok")
    })

    // Listen and Server in http://0.0.0.0:8080
    r.Run()
}

Graceful restart or stop

package main

import (
    "context"
    "log"
    "net/http"
    "os"
    "os/signal"
    "syscall"
    "time"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
        time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
        c.String(http.StatusOK, "Welcome Gin Server")
    })

    srv := &http.Server{
        Addr:    ":8080",
        Handler: router,
    }

    go func() {
        // service connections
        if err := srv.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
            log.Fatalf("listen: %s\n", err)
        }
    }()

    // Wait for interrupt signal to gracefully shutdown the server with
    // a timeout of 5 seconds.
    quit := make(chan os.Signal)
    // kill (no param) default send syscanll.SIGTERM
    // kill -2 is syscall.SIGINT
    // kill -9 is syscall. SIGKILL but can"t be catch, so don't need add it
    signal.Notify(quit, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
    <-quit
    log.Println("Shutdown Server ...")

    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
    defer cancel()
    if err := srv.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
        log.Fatal("Server Shutdown:", err)
    }
    // catching ctx.Done(). timeout of 5 seconds.
    select {
    case <-ctx.Done():
        log.Println("timeout of 5 seconds.")
    }
    log.Println("Server exiting")
}