学习笔记：java 之网络编程

TCP
以下代码创建了两个线程，实现服务端和客户端的互相通信。
服务端：

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        try {
            //创建ServerSocket对象，用来监听9001端口
            ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(9001);
            //监听9001端口客户端发送的请求，该方法在客户端请求到来之前处于阻塞状态，当客户端请求到来时，会创建（返回）一个socket对象与客户端进行通信
            Socket socket = server.accept();
            Read t = new Read(socket);
            Write w = new Write(socket);
            t.start();
            w.start();


            //socket.close();
            //server.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}
class Read extends Thread{
    private Socket socket;
    public Read(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            String s= null;
            while((s= br.readLine())!=null){
                System.out.println(s);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}
class Write extends Thread{
    private Socket socket;

    public Write(Socket socket) {
        super();
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            PrintWriter pw = new  PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(),true);
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
            while(scanner.hasNextLine()){
                pw.println(scanner.nextLine());
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

客户端：

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",9001);
            Read t = new Read(socket);
            Write w = new Write(socket);
            t.start();
            w.start();
            //socket.close();
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

UDP
服务端：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.SocketException;

public class UServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
            try {
                //创建套接字
                DatagramSocket  ds = new DatagramSocket(8003);
                byte[] data = new byte[100];
                //创建数据包
                DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
                //接收数据报
                ds.receive(dp);
                dp.getData();
                System.out.println(new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength() ));
            } catch (SocketException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }


    }

}

客户端：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class UClient {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket();
            byte[] data = "客户端发送数据".getBytes();
            InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
            DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(data,data.length,ip,8003);
            ds.send(dp);
        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

组播
组播的ip地址：224.0.0.0到239.255.255.255
发送端：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Random;

public class Sender {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket();
            while(true){
                byte [] data = getData();
                InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getByName("224.0.0.2");
                DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length, ip, 8000);
                ds.send(dp);
                System.out.println(new String(data));
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            }

        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
    public static byte[] getData(){
        StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
        Random r = new Random();
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
            s.append((char)(65+r.nextInt(26)));
        }
        return s.toString().getBytes();
    }
}

接受端：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.MulticastSocket;

public class Reciever {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            MulticastSocket ms = new MulticastSocket(8000);
            InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getByName("224.0.0.2");
            ms.joinGroup(ip);
            while(true){
                byte[] data = new byte[11];
                DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
                ms.receive(dp);
                //System.out.println(new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength()));
                System.out.println(new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength()));

            }

        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }

}

广播
广播UDP与单播UDP的区别就是IP地址不同，广播使用广播地址255.255.255.255，将消息发送到在同一广播网络上的每个主机。值得强调的是：本地广播信息是不会被路由器转发。
发送端：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.util.Random;

public class BroadcastSender {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket();
            while(true){
                byte [] data = getData();
                InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getByName("255.255.255.255");
                DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length, ip, 8000);
                ds.send(dp);
                System.out.println(new String(data));
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            }
        } catch (SocketException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public static byte[] getData(){
        StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder();
        Random r = new Random();
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
            s.append((char)(65+r.nextInt(26)));
        }
        return s.toString().getBytes();
    }

}

接受端：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.MulticastSocket;

public class BroadcastReceiver {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(8000);           
            while(true){
                byte[] data = new byte[11];
                DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length);
                ds.receive(dp);
                //System.out.println(new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength()));
                System.out.println(new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength()));

            }

        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }

}