第四章：图像处理之图像恢复与滤波Image Restoration and Filtering

Image Restoration and Filtering

• Image restoration and filtering
– Random noise distributions and parameter estimation
– Periodic noise
– Arithmetic and Geometric mean filters
– Harmonic and Contraharmonic mean filters
– Order-statistics filters
• Median, max&min, midpoint and alpha-trimmed
– Adaptive filters
• Local noise reduction filter • Median filter

– Frequency domain filtering
• Bandreject, bandpass, notch filters
– Restoration based on degradation function
• Inverse filter, Wiener filter and Geometric mean filter
– Geometric transformations for distortion correction

1.Noise 噪声

我们假设噪声（周期性噪声除外）与空间坐标无关，并且与图像本身无关。

•此外，在某些情况下，可以对噪声进行统计建模。

•噪声分量中灰度值的统计行为可以用一些概率密度函数（PDF）来描述。PDF对于所有像素都是相同的，并且噪声信号是随机的。

1.1 Gaussian Random Noise

Also called Normal noise.
u均值，$\sigma$ 标准差，${\sigma }^2$