Spring MVC session处理---@SessionAttributes

转载自:BazingaLyncc的博客 http://blog.csdn.net/linuu/article/details/51037943

介绍
在web开发中，session的重要性不言而喻，与cookie相比，session更加安全，处于服务器端，开发者经常把一些重要的信息放在session，方便在多次请求中方便的获取信息，Spring MVC 对session的支持也依旧很强大很灵活

Spring MVC对session的支持分为两种
基于HttpSession的天然支持
基于注解@SessionAttributes的灵活多变的支持

首先我们先一起分析一下基于天生的HttpSession的支持吧
假如用户登录的时候，我们把用户信息记录到session中

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;  

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;  
import org.study.lyncc.web.entity.User;  

@Controller  
public class SessionAttributesController {  

    /** 
     * user对象存入session 
     * @param id 
     * @param name 
     * @param session 
     * @return 
     */  
    @RequestMapping("/session/test/{id}/{name}")  
    public ModelAndView localsessionAttributes(@PathVariable Integer id,@PathVariable String name,HttpSession session){  
        session.setAttribute("currentUser", new User(id,name));  
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("session");  
        return mav;  
    }  

    /** 
     * 获取session中的user对象 
     * @param session 
     * @return 
     */  
    @RequestMapping("/session/attributes")  
    public ModelAndView sessionAttributesage(HttpSession session){  
        User u = (User)session.getAttribute("currentUser");  
        System.out.println(u.getUsername());  
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("session");  
        return mav;  
    }  

}  

我们先请求 http://localhost:8080/spring-mvc/session/test/1/lyncc
然后我们再次请求 http://localhost:8080/spring-mvc/session/attributes
会发现我们可以冲session取出我们上次请求存入session的user对象，并成功打印user的名字

基于@SessionAttributes注解实现的对session的管理
SessionAttributes是只能注解于类或者接口，@SessionAttributes的value代表我们需要把什么样的对象放入session，在我们的方法后当我们把对象放入ModelMap这个对象的时候，如果给出的key也会自动放入session的，我们举例说明

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;  

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.SessionAttributes;  
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;  
import org.study.lyncc.web.entity.User;  

@Controller  
@SessionAttributes(value="currentUser")  
public class SessionAttributesController {  



    @RequestMapping("/session/attributes/{id}/{name}")  
    public ModelAndView sessionAttributes(@PathVariable Integer id,@PathVariable String name){  
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("session");  
        mav.addObject("currentUser", new User(id,name));  
        return mav;  
    }  

    /** 
     * 获取session中的user对象 
     * @param session 
     * @return 
     */  
    @RequestMapping("/session/attributes")  
    public ModelAndView sessionAttributesage(HttpSession session){  
        User u = (User)session.getAttribute("currentUser");  
        System.out.println(u.getUsername());  
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("session");  
        return mav;  
    }  

}  

上面代码中，我们注解了@SessionAttributes，并且在sessionAttributes方法中，mav.addObject(“currentUser”, new User(id,name));我们创建一个对象放入ModelAndView中，因为@SessionAttributes的value与addObject的key值相同，所以该User会自动存入session中（上面说是ModelMap对象，其实看源码就知道ModelAndView的model就是ModelMap）

好了，我们测试一下，先运行http://localhost:8080/spring-mvc/session/test/1/lyncc
再运行http://localhost:8080/spring-mvc/session/attributes，测试结果

能获取到值，说明user放入session成功了

我们除了显性的从HttpSession中获取对象，我们还可以利用@ModelAttribute与@SessionAttributes相互配合，隐性的获取到放在session中的值，代码如下

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;  

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.SessionAttributes;  
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;  
import org.study.lyncc.web.entity.User;  

@Controller  
@SessionAttributes(value="currentUser")  
public class SessionAttributesController {  



    @RequestMapping("/session/attributes/{id}/{name}")  
    public ModelAndView sessionAttributes(@PathVariable Integer id,@PathVariable String name){  
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("session");  
        mav.addObject("currentUser", new User(id,name));  
        return mav;  
    }  


    @RequestMapping("/session/attributes/test")  
    public ModelAndView sessionAttributesage(@ModelAttribute("currentUser") User u){  
        System.out.println(u.getUsername());  
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("session");  
        return mav;  
    }  


}  

这样依旧能获取到值，不过要注意

最后我们再看看@SessionAttributes这个注解

import java.lang.annotation.Documented;  
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;  
import java.lang.annotation.Inherited;  
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;  
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;  
import java.lang.annotation.Target;  

import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;  


@Target({ElementType.TYPE})  
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)  
@Inherited  
@Documented  
public @interface SessionAttributes {  


    @AliasFor("names")  
    String[] value() default {};  


    @AliasFor("value")  
    String[] names() default {};  


    Class<?>[] types() default {};  

}  

都是数组型的，也就说可以支持多个对象放入session中,举例说明

import java.util.Date;  

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.SessionAttributes;  
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;  
import org.study.lyncc.web.entity.User;  

@Controller  
@SessionAttributes(value={"currentUser","saveTime"},types={User.class,Date.class})  
public class SessionAttributesController {  

    @RequestMapping("/session/attributes/{id}/{name}")  
    public ModelAndView sessionAttributes(@PathVariable Integer id,@PathVariable String name){  
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("session");  
        mav.addObject("currentUser", new User(id,name));  
        mav.addObject("saveTime", new Date());  
        return mav;  
    }  


    @RequestMapping("/session/attributes/test")  
    public ModelAndView sessionAttributesage(@ModelAttribute("currentUser") User u,@ModelAttribute("saveTime") Date d){  
        System.out.println(u.getUsername());  
        System.out.println(d);  
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("session");  
        return mav;  
    }  
}  

测试结果：