java多线程之Active Object模式--java.util.concurrent包

一、java.util.concurrent包与Acitve Object模式

将使用java.util.concurrent包来编写一个与示例程序（Active Object模式）几乎具有相同功能的示例程序。

二、示例程序

1.示例程序类和接口一览表

类和接口名	内容说明
Main.java	测试示例程序行为的类
MakerClientThread.java	委托ActiveObject来生成字符串的线程
DisplayClientThread.java	委托AcitveObject来显示字符串的线程
ActiveObject.java	定义主动对象的接口
ActiveObjectFactory.java	创建主动对象的类
AcitveObjectImpl.java	实现了ActiveObject接口的类（替代了示例程序1的Proxy、Servant）
MakeStringRequest.java	对应makeString方法（生成字符串）的类
DisplayStringRequest.java	对应displayString方法（显示字符串）的类

2.示例程序中的类

3.Main类

public class Main {
    /**
     * 使用ActiveObjectFactory类的createActiveObject方法创建ActiveObject对象，并启动MakerClientThread和DisplayClientThread的线程
     * 在启动线程大约5s后，ActiveObject的shutdown方法会被调用。
     *
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ActiveObject activeObject = ActiveObjectFactory.createActiveObject();
        try {
            new MakerClientThread("Alice", activeObject).start();
            new MakerClientThread("Bobby", activeObject).start();
            new DisplayClientThread("Chris", activeObject).start();
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            System.out.println("***** shutdown *****");
            activeObject.shutdown();
        }
    }
}

4.MakerClientThread类

public class MakerClientThread extends Thread {
    /**
     * 是调用ActiveObject对象的makeString方法的线程
     */
    private final ActiveObject activeObject;
    private final char fillchar;
 
    public MakerClientThread(String name, ActiveObject activeObject) {
        super(name);
        this.activeObject = activeObject;
        this.fillchar = name.charAt(0);
    }
 
    public void run() {
        try {
            for (int i = 0; true; i++) {
                //有返回值的调用
                Future<String> future = activeObject.makeString(i, fillchar);
                Thread.sleep(10);
                String value = future.get();
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": value = " + value);
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + e);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + e);
        }
    }
}

5.DisplayClientThread类

public class DisplayClientThread extends Thread {
    /**
     * 与MakerClientThread类一样，也是表示调用ActiveObject对象的线程的类。
     */
    private final ActiveObject activeObject;
 
    public DisplayClientThread(String name, ActiveObject activeObject) {
        super(name);
        this.activeObject = activeObject;
    }
 
    public void run() {
        try {
            for (int i = 0; true; i++) {
                //没有返回值的调用
                String string = Thread.currentThread().getName() + " " + i;
                activeObject.displayString(string);
                Thread.sleep(200);
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + e);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + e);
        }
    }
}

6.ActiveObject接口

public interface ActiveObject {
    public abstract Future<String> makeString(int count, char fillchar);
 
    public abstract void displayString(String string);
 
    public abstract void shutdown();
}

7.ActiveObjectFactory类

public class ActiveObjectFactory {
    public static ActiveObject createActiveObject() {
        return new AcitveObjectImpl();
    }
}

8.AcitveObjectImpl类

//ActiveObject接口的实现类
public class AcitveObjectImpl implements ActiveObject {
    /**
     * AcitveObjectImpl类实现了ActiveObject接口的类，它可以进行很多工作
     * ExecutorService对象的内部保存着一个线程安全的队列。
     * shutdown方法是用户关于关闭service字段中保存的ExecutorService对象的方法，这样以来，ExecutorService对象就不会再接收新的请求了。
     * makeString方法会创建MakeStringRequest类的实例，并submit给ExecutorService对象。
     * displayString方法会创建DisplayStringRequest类的实例，并在ExecutorService中execute。
     */
    private final ExecutorService service = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
 
    //终止服务
    public void shutdown() {
        service.shutdown();
    }
 
    //有返回值的调用
    public Future<String> makeString(final int count, final char fillchar) {
        //请求
        class MakeStringRequest implements Callable<String> {
            public String call() {
                char[] buffer = new char[count];
                for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                    buffer[i] = fillchar;
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                return new String(buffer);
            }
        }
        //发出请求
        return service.submit(new MakeStringRequest());
    }
 
    //没有返回值的调用
    public void displayString(final String string) {
        //请求
        class DisplayStringRequest implements Runnable {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    System.out.println("displayString: " + string);
                    Thread.sleep(10);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + e);
                }
            }
        }
        //发出请求
        service.execute(new DisplayStringRequest());
    }
}

9.示例程序的运行

displayString: Chris 0
Alice: value = 
Bobby: value = 
Alice: value = A
Bobby: value = B
displayString: Chris 1
displayString: Chris 2
displayString: Chris 3
displayString: Chris 4
displayString: Chris 5
Alice: value = AA
displayString: Chris 6
displayString: Chris 7
displayString: Chris 8
displayString: Chris 9
displayString: Chris 10
***** shutdown ***** //执行ActiveObject的shutdown
Chris:java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException: Task com.yanchangxian.smart12.basetwo.AcitveObjectImpl$1DisplayStringRequest@1ddb555b rejected from java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor@58d9d884[Shutting down, pool size = 1, active threads = 1, queued tasks = 15, completed tasks = 16] //Chris的下一个请求被拒绝
Bobby: value = BB
displayString: Chris 11
Bobby:java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException: Task java.util.concurrent.FutureTask@68d018ef rejected from java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor@58d9d884[Shutting down, pool size = 1, active threads = 1, queued tasks = 14, completed tasks = 17] //Bobby的下一个请求被拒绝
 
displayString: Chris 12
displayString: Chris 13
displayString: Chris 14
displayString: Chris 15
displayString: Chris 16
displayString: Chris 17
displayString: Chris 18
displayString: Chris 19
displayString: Chris 20
Alice: value = AAA
displayString: Chris 21
Alice:java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException: Task java.util.concurrent.FutureTask@46295e2d rejected from java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor@58d9d884[Shutting down, pool size = 1, active threads = 1, queued tasks = 3, completed tasks = 28] //Alice的下一个请求被拒绝
displayString: Chris 22
displayString: Chris 23
displayString: Chris 24

代码案例