kNN——手写识别系统
其实上一节的 “kNN——约会网站” 已经写得非常详细了,那这一节无非就是把图片转成向量来处理。
先描述下图片,图片为32*32的黑白图片
训练集:2000张,每个数字包括200张
测试集:900张
直接上代码:
# 手写识别系统
# 路径大家根据实际修改
def img2vector(filename):
returnVect = zeros((1, 1024))
fr = open(filename)
for i in range(32):
lineStr = fr.readline()
for j in range(32):
returnVect[0, 32*i+j] = int(lineStr[j])
return returnVect
def handwritingClassTest():
hwLabels = []
trainingFileList = listdir('digits/trainingDigits') #load the training set
print(trainingFileList)
m = len(trainingFileList)
trainingMat = zeros((m, 1024))
for i in range(m):
fileNameStr = trainingFileList[i]
fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0] # take off .txt
classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0])
hwLabels.append(classNumStr)
trainingMat[i, :] = img2vector('digits/trainingDigits/%s' % fileNameStr)
testFileList = listdir('digits/testDigits') # iterate through the test set
errorCount = 0.0
mTest = len(testFileList)
for i in range(mTest):
fileNameStr = testFileList[i]
fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0] #take off .txt
classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0])
vectorUnderTest = img2vector('digits/testDigits/%s' % fileNameStr)
classifierResult = classify0(vectorUnderTest, trainingMat, hwLabels, 3)
print("the classifier came back with: %d, the real answer is: %d" % (classifierResult, classNumStr))
if (classifierResult != classNumStr): errorCount += 1.0
print("\nthe total number of errors is: %d" % errorCount)
print("\nthe total error rate is: %f" % (errorCount/float(mTest)))
结果:
>>>the total number of errors is: 11
>>>the total error rate is: 0.011628
可以明显感觉算法执行效率并不高,原因是:
算法需要为每个测试向量做2000次距离计算
每个距离计算包括了1024个维度的浮点运算,总计执行900次
此外,还需为测试向量准备2MB的存储空间,非常耗时
另一缺陷是无法给出任何数据的基础结构信息
数据连接: