机器学习实战：kNN示例2:手写识别系统

所给的数据是已经使用图形处理，处理成32像素*32像素的黑白图像：

数据来源于github

代码用python3写

 

1. kNN算法核心：

def classify0(inX,dataSet,labels,k):
    dataSetSize = dataSet.shape[0]
    diffMat=tile(inX,(dataSetSize,1))-dataSet
    sqDiffMat=diffMat**2
    sqDistances=sqDiffMat.sum(axis=1)
    distances=sqDistances**0.5
    sortedDistIndicies=distances.argsort()
    classCount={}
    
    for i in range(k):
        voteIlabel=labels[sortedDistIndicies[i]]
        classCount[voteIlabel]=classCount.get(voteIlabel,0)+1
        
    sortedClassCount=sorted(classCount.items(),key=operator.itemgetter(1),reverse=True)
    
    return sortedClassCount[0][0]

2. 读取文本，将图片数据转为向量：

def img2vector(filename):
    returnVect=zeros((1,1024))
    fr=open(filename)
    for i in range(32):
        lineStr=fr.readline()
        for j in range(32):
            returnVect[0,32*i+j]=int(lineStr[j])
    return returnVect

 

3. 手写数字识别系统的测试代码：

listdir 函数需要引入：

def handwritingClassTest():
    hwLabels=[]
    trainingFileList=listdir('/Users/xxx/Downloads/digits/trainingDigits')
    m=len(trainingFileList)
    trainingMat=zeros((m,1024))
    for i in range(m):
        fileNameStr=trainingFileList[i]
        fileStr=fileNameStr.split('.')[0]
        classNumStr=int(fileStr.split('_')[0])
        hwLabels.append(classNumStr)
        
        trainingMat[i,:]=img2vector('/Users/xxx/Downloads/digits/trainingDigits/%s' %fileNameStr)
    testFileList=listdir('/Users/xxx/Downloads/digits/testDigits')
    errorCount=0.0
    mTest=len(testFileList)
    for i in range(mTest):
        fileNameStr=testFileList[i]
        fileStr=fileNameStr.split('.')[0]
        classNumStr=int(fileStr.split('_')[0])
        vectorUnderTest=img2vector('/Users/xxx/Downloads/digits/testDigits/%s' %fileNameStr)
        classifierResult=classify0(vectorUnderTest,trainingMat,hwLabels,3)
        print("the classifier came back with:%d, the real answer is %d" %(classifierResult,classNumStr))
        if(classifierResult != classNumStr):
            errorCount += 1.0
            
    print("\n the total number of errors is: %d" %errorCount)
    print("\n the total error rate is: %f" %(errorCount/float(mTest)))

错误率为1.12%