平常写sql遇到的一个问题,记录一下
有三张表student(学生表)、teacher(教师表)、stu_teacher(学生—教师关系表)
表结构及数据如下
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('1', '张三');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('2', '李四');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('3', '王五');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('4', '赵六');
CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('1', '语文教师');
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('2', '数学教师');
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('3', '英语教师');
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('4', '体育教师');
INSERT INTO `teacher` VALUES ('5', '音乐教师');
CREATE TABLE `stu_teacher` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`stu_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`teacher_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`flag` int(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0-有效 1-无效',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=14 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('1', '1', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('2', '1', '2', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('3', '1', '3', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('4', '2', '2', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('5', '2', '3', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('6', '2', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('7', '2', '5', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('8', '3', '1', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('9', '3', '2', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('10', '3', '3', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('11', '3', '4', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('12', '3', '5', '0');
INSERT INTO `stu_teacher` VALUES ('13', '4', '1', '1');
现在需要根据学生分组查询出每个学生有哪些教师,每个学生一条数据,要求每个学生都能展示出来
一开始sql为
SELECT
s.`name` stuName,
GROUP_CONCAT(t.`name` SEPARATOR ',') as teacherName
FROM
student s
LEFT JOIN stu_teacher st ON s.id = st.stu_id
LEFT JOIN teacher t ON st.teacher_id = t.id
GROUP BY
s.id
结果如下
后来业务要求只取关系表有效的数据,同时每个学生必须展示
一开始修改sql为
SELECT
s.`name` stuName,
GROUP_CONCAT(t.`name` SEPARATOR ',') as teacherName
FROM
student s
LEFT JOIN stu_teacher st ON s.id = st.stu_id
LEFT JOIN teacher t ON st.teacher_id = t.id
where st.flag = 0
GROUP BY
s.id
查询结果为:
结果赵六不见了。。。。。
后来查到GROUP_CONCAT方法可以使用case when 函数,于是修改sql为
SELECT
s.`name` stuName,
GROUP_CONCAT(
(
CASE st.flag
WHEN 0 THEN
t.`name`
ELSE
NULL
END
) SEPARATOR ','
) AS teacherName
FROM
student s
LEFT JOIN stu_teacher st ON s.id = st.stu_id
LEFT JOIN teacher t ON st.teacher_id = t.id
GROUP BY
s.id
查询结果如下
满足需求