验证码的生成与验证

package qrcode;


import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Random;


import javax.imageio.ImageIO;




public class CodeUtil {


   private static int width = 90;// 定义图片的width
       private static int height = 20;// 定义图片的height
       private static int codeCount = 4;// 定义图片上显示验证码的个数
       private static int xx = 15;
       private static int fontHeight = 18;
       private static  int codeY = 16;
       private static char[] codeSequence = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R',
               'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };
       
       /**
        * 生成一个map集合
        * code为生成的验证码
        * codePic为生成的验证码BufferedImage对象
        * @return
        */
       public static Map<String,Object> generateCodeAndPic() {
           // 定义图像buffer
           BufferedImage buffImg = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
           // Graphics2D gd = buffImg.createGraphics();
           // Graphics2D gd = (Graphics2D) buffImg.getGraphics();
           Graphics gd = buffImg.getGraphics();
           // 创建一个随机数生成器类
           Random random = new Random();
           // 将图像填充为白色
           gd.setColor(Color.WHITE);
           gd.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
   
           // 创建字体，字体的大小应该根据图片的高度来定。
           Font font = new Font("Fixedsys", Font.BOLD, fontHeight);
           // 设置字体。
           gd.setFont(font);
   
           // 画边框。
           gd.setColor(Color.BLACK);
           gd.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
   
           // 随机产生40条干扰线，使图象中的认证码不易被其它程序探测到。
           gd.setColor(Color.BLACK);
           for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
               int x = random.nextInt(width);
               int y = random.nextInt(height);
               int xl = random.nextInt(12);
               int yl = random.nextInt(12);
               gd.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
           }
   
           // randomCode用于保存随机产生的验证码，以便用户登录后进行验证。
           StringBuffer randomCode = new StringBuffer();
           int red = 0, green = 0, blue = 0;
   
           // 随机产生codeCount数字的验证码。
           for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++) {
               // 得到随机产生的验证码数字。
               String code = String.valueOf(codeSequence[random.nextInt(36)]);
               // 产生随机的颜色分量来构造颜色值，这样输出的每位数字的颜色值都将不同。
               red = random.nextInt(255);
               green = random.nextInt(255);
               blue = random.nextInt(255);
   
               // 用随机产生的颜色将验证码绘制到图像中。
               gd.setColor(new Color(red, green, blue));
               gd.drawString(code, (i + 1) * xx, codeY);
   
               // 将产生的四个随机数组合在一起。
               randomCode.append(code);
           }
           Map<String,Object> map  =new HashMap<String,Object>();
          //存放验证码
           map.put("code", randomCode);
           //存放生成的验证码BufferedImage对象
           map.put("codePic", buffImg);
           return map;
       }
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
          //创建文件输出流对象
          OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("F://qiqi.jpg");
          Map<String,Object> map = CodeUtil.generateCodeAndPic();
          ImageIO.write((RenderedImage) map.get("codePic"), "jpeg", out);
         System.out.println("验证码的值为："+map.get("code"));
       }

 }

package qrcode;


import java.awt.image.RenderedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;


import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;


/**
 * Servlet implementation class CodeServlet
 * 生成验证码
 */
@WebServlet("/CodeServlet")
public class CodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public CodeServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }


/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 调用工具类生成的验证码和验证码图片
        Map<String, Object> codeMap = CodeUtil.generateCodeAndPic();


        // 将四位数字的验证码保存到Session中。
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("code", codeMap.get("code").toString());


        // 禁止图像缓存。
        resp.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
        resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        resp.setDateHeader("Expires", -1);


        resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");


        // 将图像输出到Servlet输出流中。
        ServletOutputStream sos;
        try {
            sos = resp.getOutputStream();
            ImageIO.write((RenderedImage) codeMap.get("codePic"), "jpeg", sos);
            sos.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }


/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}


}

package qrcode;


import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


/**
 * 校验验证码
 * 
 * Servlet implementation class CheckCode
 */
@WebServlet("/CheckCode")
public class CheckCode extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public CheckCode() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }


/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
}


/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        String code = request.getParameter("code");
        // 验证验证码
        String sessionCode = request.getSession().getAttribute("code").toString();
        if (code != null && !"".equals(code) && sessionCode != null && !"".equals(sessionCode)) {
            if (code.equalsIgnoreCase(sessionCode)) {
                response.getWriter().println("验证通过！");
            } else {
                response.getWriter().println("验证失败！");
            }
        } else {
            response.getWriter().println("验证失败！");
        }
    }


}

jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript"
    src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery.min.js">
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/checkCode" method="post">
         请输入验证码：<input type="text" name="code" style="width: 80px;" /> <img id="imgObj" alt="验证码"
             src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/getCode"><a href="#" οnclick="changeImg()">换一张</a><br/> <input
             type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
     $(function() {
 
     });
 
     function changeImg() {        
         var imgSrc = $("#imgObj");    
         var src = imgSrc.attr("src");        
         imgSrc.attr("src", chgUrl(src));
     }
     
     // 时间戳
     // 为了使每次生成图片不一致，即不让浏览器读缓存，所以需要加上时间戳
     function chgUrl(url) {
         var timestamp = (new Date()).valueOf();
         url = url.substring(0, 20);
         if ((url.indexOf("&") >= 0)) {
             url = url + "×tamp=" + timestamp;
         } else {
             url = url + "?timestamp=" + timestamp;
         }
         return url;
     }
 </script>
</html>