Android Fragment动态注册实现底部菜单切换

在Android中，Fragment是一种可重用的组件，可以被多个Activity或其他Fragment使用。使用Fragment可以实现多个Fragment在同一页面中显示，可以动态地添加、删除或替换Fragment，实现复杂的页面交互效果。

以底部菜单切换为例，在MainActivity中动态注册三个Fragment，然后通过底部菜单的点击事件来切换Fragment。

1. 创建三个Fragment

   public class FirstFragment extends Fragment {
       public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
           return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_first, container, false);
       }
   }
   
   public class SecondFragment extends Fragment {
       public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
           return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_second, container, false);
       }
   }
   
   public class ThirdFragment extends Fragment {
       public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
           return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_third, container, false);
       }
   }
    
   

2. 在MainActivity中动态注册三个Fragment

   public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
       private BottomNavigationView bottomNavigationView;
       private Fragment firstFragment, secondFragment, thirdFragment;
       private FragmentManager fragmentManager;
   
       @Override
       protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
           super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
           setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
   
           bottomNavigationView = findViewById(R.id.bottom_navigation_view);
           bottomNavigationView.setOnNavigationItemSelectedListener(mOnNavigationItemSelectedListener);
   
           fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
           firstFragment = new FirstFragment();
           secondFragment = new SecondFragment();
           thirdFragment = new ThirdFragment();
           fragmentManager.beginTransaction().add(R.id.fragment_container, thirdFragment, "3").hide(thirdFragment).commit();
           fragmentManager.beginTransaction().add(R.id.fragment_container, secondFragment, "2").hide(secondFragment).commit();
           fragmentManager.beginTransaction().add(R.id.fragment_container, firstFragment, "1").commit();
       }
   
       private BottomNavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener mOnNavigationItemSelectedListener = new BottomNavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener() {
           @Override
           public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
               switch (item.getItemId()) {
                   case R.id.navigation_first:
                       fragmentManager.beginTransaction().hide(secondFragment).hide(thirdFragment).show(firstFragment).commit();
                       return true;
                   case R.id.navigation_second:
                       fragmentManager.beginTransaction().hide(firstFragment).hide(thirdFragment).show(secondFragment).commit();
                       return true;
                   case R.id.navigation_third:
                       fragmentManager.beginTransaction().hide(firstFragment).hide(secondFragment).show(thirdFragment).commit();
                       return true;
               }
               return false;
           }
       };
   }
    
   

3. 在布局文件中添加底部菜单

   <android.support.design.widget.BottomNavigationView
       android:id="@+id/bottom_navigation_view"
       android:layout_width="match_parent"
       android:layout_height="wrap_content"
       android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
       app:menu="@menu/bottom_navigation_menu" />
    
   

   ​​​​​​​
4. 创建底部菜单的菜单文件

   <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
       <item
           android:id="@+id/navigation_first"
           android:icon="@drawable/ic_first"
           android:title="@string/navigation_first" />
   
       <item
           android:id="@+id/navigation_second"
           android:icon="@drawable/ic_second"
           android:title="@string/navigation_second" />
   
       <item
           android:id="@+id/navigation_third"
           android:icon="@drawable/ic_third"
           android:title="@string/navigation_third" />
   </menu>
    
   

   通过以上步骤，就可以实现底部菜单的切换效果，当点击不同的菜单项时，对应的Fragment就会显示出来，其他的Fragment则会被隐藏。