一、JVM参数
有些算法适用于年轻代，有些适用于老年代**
新生代特点是重建对象少，所以用复制算法比较高
老年代的特点是对象时间存活比较长，如果用复制算法，复制来复制去耗时
所以老年代使用的是标记清除和标记整理
一般把java堆分为新生代和老年代
先来看一下默认的
1.分类
1）标准参数
不随JDK版本的变化而变化
例如：java -version
2）非标准化参数：-XX参数
主要用于JVM调优和Debug
分类：布尔类型、非布尔类型
- 布尔类型
格式： -XX:[+/-]name
例如：-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC、 -XX:+UseG1GC
例子：
在启动时指定
java -XX:+UseG1GC -jar gift-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
再用jmap -heap看+表示启动name属性
-表示禁用
- 非布尔类型
格式:-XX:name=value
例如：-XX:MaxHeapSize=2048M 设置最大堆大小
3）其它（-XX参数变形）
如：-Xmx2048M，和上面等价 最大堆内存
-Xms 最小·堆内存
-Xms 500M
-Xss 线程栈的大小
-Xss128k
2.打印所有参数
把jvm参数打印出来
1）cmd
java -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -version
把文件重定向到jvm.txt文件中：
java -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -version > jvm.txt
下载下来有700多个，熟悉了解的需要20多个
参数若是等号即是默认值，若是:=表示非默认值，被用户或者是jvm修改的值）根据服务器情况去自动调整，自适应）
还可以过滤：java -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -version |grep UseG1GC
对象的年龄，对象从新生代进入到老年代的参数,默认是15，到15后就从新生代进入老年代。
java -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -version |grep MaxTenuringThreshold
[Global flags]
intx ActiveProcessorCount = -1 {product}
uintx AdaptiveSizeDecrementScaleFactor = 4 {product}
uintx AdaptiveSizeMajorGCDecayTimeScale = 10 {product}
uintx AdaptiveSizePausePolicy = 0 {product}
uintx AdaptiveSizePolicyCollectionCostMargin = 50 {product}
uintx AdaptiveSizePolicyInitializingSteps = 20 {product}
uintx AdaptiveSizePolicyOutputInterval = 0 {product}
uintx AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight = 10 {product}
uintx AdaptiveSizeThroughPutPolicy = 0 {product}
uintx AdaptiveTimeWeight = 25 {product}
bool AdjustConcurrency = false {product}
bool AggressiveHeap = false {product}
bool AggressiveOpts = false {product}
intx AliasLevel = 3 {C2 product}
bool AlignVector = false {C2 product}
intx AllocateInstancePrefetchLines = 1 {product}
intx AllocatePrefetchDistance = 192 {product}
intx AllocatePrefetchInstr = 3 {product}
intx AllocatePrefetchLines = 4 {product}
intx AllocatePrefetchStepSize = 64 {product}
intx AllocatePrefetchStyle = 1 {product}
bool AllowJNIEnvProxy = false {product}
bool AllowNonVirtualCalls = false {product}
bool AllowParallelDefineClass = false {product}
bool AllowUserSignalHandlers = false {product}
bool AlwaysActAsServerClassMachine = false {product}
bool AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false {product}
bool AlwaysLockClassLoader = false {product}
bool AlwaysPreTouch = false {product}
bool AlwaysRestoreFPU = false {product}
bool AlwaysTenure = false {product}
bool AssertOnSuspendWaitFailure = false {product}
bool AssumeMP = false {product}
intx AutoBoxCacheMax = 128 {C2 product}
uintx AutoGCSelectPauseMillis = 5000 {product}
intx BCEATraceLevel = 0 {product}
intx BackEdgeThreshold = 100000 {pd product}
bool BackgroundCompilation = true {pd product}
uintx BaseFootPrintEstimate = 268435456 {product}
intx BiasedLockingBulkRebiasThreshold = 20 {product}
intx BiasedLockingBulkRevokeThreshold = 40 {product}
intx BiasedLockingDecayTime = 25000 {product}
intx BiasedLockingStartupDelay = 4000 {product}
bool BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs = false {product}
bool BlockLayoutByFrequency = true {C2 product}
intx BlockLayoutMinDiamondPercentage = 20 {C2 product}
bool BlockLayoutRotateLoops = true {C2 product}
bool BranchOnRegister = false {C2 product}
bool BytecodeVerificationLocal = false {product}
bool BytecodeVerificationRemote = true {product}
bool C1OptimizeVirtualCallProfiling = true {C1 product}
bool C1ProfileBranches = true {C1 product}
bool C1ProfileCalls = true {C1 product}
bool C1ProfileCheckcasts = true {C1 product}
bool C1ProfileInlinedCalls = true {C1 product}
bool C1ProfileVirtualCalls = true {C1 product}
bool C1UpdateMethodData = true {C1 product}
intx CICompilerCount := 2 {product}
bool CICompilerCountPerCPU = true {product}
bool CITime = false {product}
bool CMSAbortSemantics = false {product}
uintx CMSAbortablePrecleanMinWorkPerIteration = 100 {product}
intx CMSAbortablePrecleanWaitMillis = 100 {manageable}
uintx CMSBitMapYieldQuantum = 10485760 {product}
uintx CMSBootstrapOccupancy = 50 {product}
bool CMSClassUnloadingEnabled = true {product}
uintx CMSClassUnloadingMaxInterval = 0 {product}
bool CMSCleanOnEnter = true {product}
bool CMSCompactWhenClearAllSoftRefs = true {product}
uintx CMSConcMarkMultiple = 32 {product}
bool CMSConcurrentMTEnabled = true {product}
uintx CMSCoordinatorYieldSleepCount = 10 {product}
bool CMSDumpAtPromotionFailure = false {product}
bool CMSEdenChunksRecordAlways = true {product}
uintx CMSExpAvgFactor = 50 {product}
bool CMSExtrapolateSweep = false {product}
uintx CMSFullGCsBeforeCompaction = 0 {product}
uintx CMSIncrementalDutyCycle = 10 {product}
uintx CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin = 0 {product}
bool CMSIncrementalMode = false {product}
uintx CMSIncrementalOffset = 0 {product}
bool CMSIncrementalPacing = true {product}
uintx CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor = 10 {product}
uintx CMSIndexedFreeListReplenish = 4 {product}
intx CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction = -1 {product}
uintx CMSIsTooFullPercentage = 98 {product}
double CMSLargeCoalSurplusPercent = 0.950000 {product}
double CMSLargeSplitSurplusPercent = 1.000000 {product}
bool CMSLoopWarn = false {product}
uintx CMSMaxAbortablePrecleanLoops = 0 {product}
intx CMSMaxAbortablePrecleanTime = 5000 {product}
uintx CMSOldPLABMax = 1024 {product}
uintx CMSOldPLABMin = 16 {product}
uintx CMSOldPLABNumRefills = 4 {product}
uintx CMSOldPLABReactivityFactor = 2 {product}
bool CMSOldPLABResizeQuicker = false {product}
uintx CMSOldPLABToleranceFactor = 4 {product}
bool CMSPLABRecordAlways = true {product}
uintx CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim = 16 {product}
bool CMSParallelInitialMarkEnabled = true {product}
bool CMSParallelRemarkEnabled = true {product}
bool CMSParallelSurvivorRemarkEnabled = true {product}
uintx CMSPrecleanDenominator = 3 {product}
uintx CMSPrecleanIter = 3 {product}
uintx CMSPrecleanNumerator = 2 {product}
bool CMSPrecleanRefLists1 = true {product}
bool CMSPrecleanRefLists2 = false {product}
bool CMSPrecleanSurvivors1 = false {product}
bool CMSPrecleanSurvivors2 = true {product}
uintx CMSPrecleanThreshold = 1000 {product}
bool CMSPrecleaningEnabled = true {product}
bool CMSPrintChunksInDump = false {product}
bool CMSPrintEdenSurvivorChunks = false {product}
bool CMSPrintObjectsInDump = false {product}
uintx CMSRemarkVerifyVariant = 1 {product}
bool CMSReplenishIntermediate = true {product}
uintx CMSRescanMultiple = 32 {product}
uintx CMSSamplingGrain = 16384 {product}
bool CMSScavengeBeforeRemark = false {product}
uintx CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration = 50 {product}
uintx CMSScheduleRemarkEdenSizeThreshold = 2097152 {product}
uintx CMSScheduleRemarkSamplingRatio = 5 {product}
double CMSSmallCoalSurplusPercent = 1.050000 {product}
double CMSSmallSplitSurplusPercent = 1.100000 {product}
bool CMSSplitIndexedFreeListBlocks = true {product}
intx CMSTriggerInterval = -1 {manageable}
uintx CMSTriggerRatio = 80 {product}
intx CMSWaitDuration = 2000 {manageable}
uintx CMSWorkQueueDrainThreshold = 10 {product}
bool CMSYield = true {product}
uintx CMSYieldSleepCount = 0 {product}
uintx CMSYoungGenPerWorker = 67108864 {pd product}
uintx CMS_FLSPadding = 1 {product}
uintx CMS_FLSWeight = 75 {product}
uintx CMS_SweepPadding = 1 {product}
uintx CMS_SweepTimerThresholdMillis = 10 {product}
uintx CMS_SweepWeight = 75 {product}
bool CheckEndorsedAndExtDirs = false {product}
bool CheckJNICalls = false {product}
bool ClassUnloading = true {product}
bool ClassUnloadingWithConcurrentMark = true {product}
intx ClearFPUAtPark = 0 {product}
bool ClipInlining = true {product}
uintx CodeCacheExpansionSize = 65536 {pd product}
uintx CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace = 512000 {product}
bool CollectGen0First = false {product}
bool CompactFields = true {product}
intx CompilationPolicyChoice = 3 {product}
ccstrlist CompileCommand = {product}
ccstr CompileCommandFile = {product}
ccstrlist CompileOnly = {product}
intx CompileThreshold = 10000 {pd product}
bool CompilerThreadHintNoPreempt = true {product}
intx CompilerThreadPriority = -1 {product}
intx CompilerThreadStackSize = 0 {pd product}
uintx CompressedClassSpaceSize = 1073741824 {product}
uintx ConcGCThreads = 0 {product}
intx ConditionalMoveLimit = 3 {C2 pd product}
intx ContendedPaddingWidth = 128 {product}
bool ConvertSleepToYield = true {pd product}
bool ConvertYieldToSleep = false {product}
bool CrashOnOutOfMemoryError = false {product}
bool CreateMinidumpOnCrash = false {product}
bool CriticalJNINatives = true {product}
bool DTraceAllocProbes = false {product}
bool DTraceMethodProbes = false {product}
bool DTraceMonitorProbes = false {product}
bool Debugging = false {product}
uintx DefaultMaxRAMFraction = 4 {product}
intx DefaultThreadPriority = -1 {product}
intx DeferPollingPageLoopCount = -1 {product}
intx DeferThrSuspendLoopCount = 4000 {product}
bool DeoptimizeRandom = false {product}
bool DisableAttachMechanism = false {product}
bool DisableExplicitGC = false {product}
bool DisplayVMOutputToStderr = false {product}
bool DisplayVMOutputToStdout = false {product}
bool DoEscapeAnalysis = true {C2 product}
bool DontCompileHugeMethods = true {product}
bool DontYieldALot = false {pd product}
ccstr DumpLoadedClassList = {product}
bool DumpReplayDataOnError = true {product}
bool DumpSharedSpaces = false {product}
bool EagerXrunInit = false {product}
intx EliminateAllocationArraySizeLimit = 64 {C2 product}
bool EliminateAllocations = true {C2 product}
bool EliminateAutoBox = true {C2 product}
bool EliminateLocks = true {C2 product}
bool EliminateNestedLocks = true {C2 product}
intx EmitSync = 0 {product}
bool EnableContended = true {product}
bool EnableResourceManagementTLABCache = true {product}
bool EnableSharedLookupCache = true {product}
bool EnableTracing = false {product}
uintx ErgoHeapSizeLimit = 0 {product}
ccstr ErrorFile = {product}
ccstr ErrorReportServer = {product}
double EscapeAnalysisTimeout = 20.000000 {C2 product}
bool EstimateArgEscape = true {product}
bool ExitOnOutOfMemoryError = false {product}
bool ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent = false {product}
bool ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses = false {product}
bool ExtendedDTraceProbes = false {product}
ccstr ExtraSharedClassListFile = {product}
bool FLSAlwaysCoalesceLarge = false {product}
uintx FLSCoalescePolicy = 2 {product}
double FLSLargestBlockCoalesceProximity = 0.990000 {product}
bool FailOverToOldVerifier = true {product}
bool FastTLABRefill = true {product}
intx FenceInstruction = 0 {ARCH product}
intx FieldsAllocationStyle = 1 {product}
bool FilterSpuriousWakeups = true {product}
ccstr FlightRecorderOptions = {product}
bool ForceNUMA = false {product}
bool ForceTimeHighResolution = false {product}
intx FreqInlineSize = 325 {pd product}
double G1ConcMarkStepDurationMillis = 10.000000 {product}
uintx G1ConcRSHotCardLimit = 4 {product}
uintx G1ConcRSLogCacheSize = 10 {product}
intx G1ConcRefinementGreenZone = 0 {product}
intx G1ConcRefinementRedZone = 0 {product}
intx G1ConcRefinementServiceIntervalMillis = 300 {product}
uintx G1ConcRefinementThreads = 0 {product}
intx G1ConcRefinementThresholdStep = 0 {product}
intx G1ConcRefinementYellowZone = 0 {product}
uintx G1ConfidencePercent = 50 {product}
uintx G1HeapRegionSize = 0 {product}
uintx G1HeapWastePercent = 5 {product}
uintx G1MixedGCCountTarget = 8 {product}
intx G1RSetRegionEntries = 0 {product}
uintx G1RSetScanBlockSize = 64 {product}
intx G1RSetSparseRegionEntries = 0 {product}
intx G1RSetUpdatingPauseTimePercent = 10 {product}
intx G1RefProcDrainInterval = 10 {product}
uintx G1ReservePercent = 10 {product}
uintx G1SATBBufferEnqueueingThresholdPercent = 60 {product}
intx G1SATBBufferSize = 1024 {product}
intx G1UpdateBufferSize = 256 {product}
bool G1UseAdaptiveConcRefinement = true {product}
uintx GCDrainStackTargetSize = 64 {product}
uintx GCHeapFreeLimit = 2 {product}
uintx GCLockerEdenExpansionPercent = 5 {product}
bool GCLockerInvokesConcurrent = false {product}
uintx GCLogFileSize = 8192 {product}
uintx GCPauseIntervalMillis = 0 {product}
uintx GCTaskTimeStampEntries = 200 {product}
uintx GCTimeLimit = 98 {product}
uintx GCTimeRatio = 99 {product}
uintx HeapBaseMinAddress = 2147483648 {pd product}
bool HeapDumpAfterFullGC = false {manageable}
bool HeapDumpBeforeFullGC = false {manageable}
bool HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError = false {manageable}
ccstr HeapDumpPath = {manageable}
uintx HeapFirstMaximumCompactionCount = 3 {product}
uintx HeapMaximumCompactionInterval = 20 {product}
uintx HeapSizePerGCThread = 87241520 {product}
bool IgnoreEmptyClassPaths = false {product}
bool IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false {product}
uintx IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt = 50 {product}
bool IncrementalInline = true {C2 product}
uintx InitialBootClassLoaderMetaspaceSize = 4194304 {product}
uintx InitialCodeCacheSize = 2555904 {pd product}
uintx InitialHeapSize := 31457280 {product}
uintx InitialRAMFraction = 64 {product}
double InitialRAMPercentage = 1.562500 {product}
uintx InitialSurvivorRatio = 8 {product}
uintx InitialTenuringThreshold = 7 {product}
uintx InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent = 45 {product}
bool Inline = true {product}
ccstr InlineDataFile = {product}
intx InlineSmallCode = 2000 {pd product}
bool InlineSynchronizedMethods = true {C1 product}
bool InsertMemBarAfterArraycopy = true {C2 product}
intx InteriorEntryAlignment = 16 {C2 pd product}
intx InterpreterProfilePercentage = 33 {product}
bool JNIDetachReleasesMonitors = true {product}
bool JavaMonitorsInStackTrace = true {product}
intx JavaPriority10_To_OSPriority = -1 {product}
intx JavaPriority1_To_OSPriority = -1 {product}
intx JavaPriority2_To_OSPriority = -1 {product}
intx JavaPriority3_To_OSPriority = -1 {product}
intx JavaPriority4_To_OSPriority = -1 {product}
intx JavaPriority5_To_OSPriority = -1 {product}
intx JavaPriority6_To_OSPriority = -1 {product}
intx JavaPriority7_To_OSPriority = -1 {product}
intx JavaPriority8_To_OSPriority = -1 {product}
intx JavaPriority9_To_OSPriority = -1 {product}
bool LIRFillDelaySlots = false {C1 pd product}
uintx LargePageHeapSizeThreshold = 134217728 {product}
uintx LargePageSizeInBytes = 0 {product}
bool LazyBootClassLoader = true {product}
intx LiveNodeCountInliningCutoff = 40000 {C2 product}
bool LoadExecStackDllInVMThread = true {product}
bool LogCommercialFeatures = false {product}
intx LoopMaxUnroll = 16 {C2 product}
intx LoopOptsCount = 43 {C2 product}
intx LoopUnrollLimit = 60 {C2 pd product}
intx LoopUnrollMin = 4 {C2 product}
bool LoopUnswitching = true {C2 product}
bool ManagementServer = false {product}
uintx MarkStackSize = 4194304 {product}
uintx MarkStackSizeMax = 536870912 {product}
uintx MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 4 {product}
uintx MarkSweepDeadRatio = 5 {product}
intx MaxBCEAEstimateLevel = 5 {product}
intx MaxBCEAEstimateSize = 150 {product}
uintx MaxDirectMemorySize = 0 {product}
bool MaxFDLimit = true {product}
uintx MaxGCMinorPauseMillis = 18446744073709551615 {product}
uintx MaxGCPauseMillis = 18446744073709551615 {product}
uintx MaxHeapFreeRatio = 70 {manageable}
uintx MaxHeapSize := 482344960 {product}
intx MaxInlineLevel = 9 {product}
intx MaxInlineSize = 35 {product}
intx MaxJNILocalCapacity = 65536 {product}
intx MaxJavaStackTraceDepth = 1024 {product}
intx MaxJumpTableSize = 65000 {C2 product}
intx MaxJumpTableSparseness = 5 {C2 product}
intx MaxLabelRootDepth = 1100 {C2 product}
intx MaxLoopPad = 11 {C2 product}
uintx MaxMetaspaceExpansion = 5451776 {product}
uintx MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio = 70 {product}
uintx MaxMetaspaceSize = 18446744073709547520 {product}
uintx MaxNewSize := 160759808 {product}
intx MaxNodeLimit = 75000 {C2 product}
uint64_t MaxRAM = 137438953472 {pd product}
uintx MaxRAMFraction = 4 {product}
double MaxRAMPercentage = 25.000000 {product}
intx MaxRecursiveInlineLevel = 1 {product}
uintx MaxTenuringThreshold = 15 {product}
intx MaxTrivialSize = 6 {product}
intx MaxVectorSize = 32 {C2 product}
uintx MetaspaceSize = 21807104 {pd product}
bool MethodFlushing = true {product}
uintx MinHeapDeltaBytes := 196608 {product}
uintx MinHeapFreeRatio = 40 {manageable}
intx MinInliningThreshold = 250 {product}
intx MinJumpTableSize = 10 {C2 pd product}
uintx MinMetaspaceExpansion = 339968 {product}
uintx MinMetaspaceFreeRatio = 40 {product}
uintx MinRAMFraction = 2 {product}
double MinRAMPercentage = 50.000000 {product}
uintx MinSurvivorRatio = 3 {product}
uintx MinTLABSize = 2048 {product}
intx MonitorBound = 0 {product}
bool MonitorInUseLists = false {product}
intx MultiArrayExpandLimit = 6 {C2 product}
bool MustCallLoadClassInternal = false {product}
uintx NUMAChunkResizeWeight = 20 {product}
uintx NUMAInterleaveGranularity = 2097152 {product}
uintx NUMAPageScanRate = 256 {product}
uintx NUMASpaceResizeRate = 1073741824 {product}
bool NUMAStats = false {product}
ccstr NativeMemoryTracking = off {product}
bool NeedsDeoptSuspend = false {pd product}
bool NeverActAsServerClassMachine = false {pd product}
bool NeverTenure = false {product}
uintx NewRatio = 2 {product}
uintx NewSize := 10485760 {product}
uintx NewSizeThreadIncrease = 5320 {pd product}
intx NmethodSweepActivity = 10 {product}
intx NmethodSweepCheckInterval = 5 {product}
intx NmethodSweepFraction = 16 {product}
intx NodeLimitFudgeFactor = 2000 {C2 product}
uintx NumberOfGCLogFiles = 0 {product}
intx NumberOfLoopInstrToAlign = 4 {C2 product}
intx ObjectAlignmentInBytes = 8 {lp64_product}
uintx OldPLABSize = 1024 {product}
uintx OldPLABWeight = 50 {product}
uintx OldSize := 20971520 {product}
bool OmitStackTraceInFastThrow = true {product}
ccstrlist OnError = {product}
ccstrlist OnOutOfMemoryError = {product}
intx OnStackReplacePercentage = 140 {pd product}
bool OptimizeFill = true {C2 product}
bool OptimizePtrCompare = true {C2 product}
bool OptimizeStringConcat = true {C2 product}
bool OptoBundling = false {C2 pd product}
intx OptoLoopAlignment = 16 {pd product}
bool OptoScheduling = false {C2 pd product}
uintx PLABWeight = 75 {product}
bool PSChunkLargeArrays = true {product}
intx ParGCArrayScanChunk = 50 {product}
uintx ParGCDesiredObjsFromOverflowList = 20 {product}
bool ParGCTrimOverflow = true {product}
bool ParGCUseLocalOverflow = false {product}
uintx ParallelGCBufferWastePct = 10 {product}
uintx ParallelGCThreads = 0 {product}
bool ParallelGCVerbose = false {product}
uintx ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterMean = 50 {product}
uintx ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterStdDev = 80 {product}
bool ParallelRefProcBalancingEnabled = true {product}
bool ParallelRefProcEnabled = false {product}
bool PartialPeelAtUnsignedTests = true {C2 product}
bool PartialPeelLoop = true {C2 product}
intx PartialPeelNewPhiDelta = 0 {C2 product}
uintx PausePadding = 1 {product}
intx PerBytecodeRecompilationCutoff = 200 {product}
intx PerBytecodeTrapLimit = 4 {product}
intx PerMethodRecompilationCutoff = 400 {product}
intx PerMethodTrapLimit = 100 {product}
bool PerfAllowAtExitRegistration = false {product}
bool PerfBypassFileSystemCheck = false {product}
intx PerfDataMemorySize = 32768 {product}
intx PerfDataSamplingInterval = 50 {product}
ccstr PerfDataSaveFile = {product}
bool PerfDataSaveToFile = false {product}
bool PerfDisableSharedMem = false {product}
intx PerfMaxStringConstLength = 1024 {product}
intx PreInflateSpin = 10 {pd product}
bool PreferContainerQuotaForCPUCount = true {product}
bool PreferInterpreterNativeStubs = false {pd product}
intx PrefetchCopyIntervalInBytes = 576 {product}
intx PrefetchFieldsAhead = 1 {product}
intx PrefetchScanIntervalInBytes = 576 {product}
bool PreserveAllAnnotations = false {product}
bool PreserveFramePointer = false {pd product}
uintx PretenureSizeThreshold = 0 {product}
bool PrintAdaptiveSizePolicy = false {product}
bool PrintCMSInitiationStatistics = false {product}
intx PrintCMSStatistics = 0 {product}
bool PrintClassHistogram = false {manageable}
bool PrintClassHistogramAfterFullGC = false {manageable}
bool PrintClassHistogramBeforeFullGC = false {manageable}
bool PrintCodeCache = false {product}
bool PrintCodeCacheOnCompilation = false {product}
bool PrintCommandLineFlags = false {product}
bool PrintCompilation = false {product}
bool PrintConcurrentLocks = false {manageable}
intx PrintFLSCensus = 0 {product}
intx PrintFLSStatistics = 0 {product}
bool PrintFlagsFinal := true {product}
bool PrintFlagsInitial = false {product}
bool PrintGC = false {manageable}
bool PrintGCApplicationConcurrentTime = false {product}
bool PrintGCApplicationStoppedTime = false {product}
bool PrintGCCause = true {product}
bool PrintGCDateStamps = false {manageable}
bool PrintGCDetails = false {manageable}
bool PrintGCID = false {manageable}
bool PrintGCTaskTimeStamps = false {product}
bool PrintGCTimeStamps = false {manageable}
bool PrintHeapAtGC = false {product rw}
bool PrintHeapAtGCExtended = false {product rw}
bool PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK = true {product}
bool PrintJNIGCStalls = false {product}
bool PrintJNIResolving = false {product}
bool PrintOldPLAB = false {product}
bool PrintOopAddress = false {product}
bool PrintPLAB = false {product}
bool PrintParallelOldGCPhaseTimes = false {product}
bool PrintPromotionFailure = false {product}
bool PrintReferenceGC = false {product}
bool PrintSafepointStatistics = false {product}
intx PrintSafepointStatisticsCount = 300 {product}
intx PrintSafepointStatisticsTimeout = -1 {product}
bool PrintSharedArchiveAndExit = false {product}
bool PrintSharedDictionary = false {product}
bool PrintSharedSpaces = false {product}
bool PrintStringDeduplicationStatistics = false {product}
bool PrintStringTableStatistics = false {product}
bool PrintTLAB = false {product}
bool PrintTenuringDistribution = false {product}
bool PrintTieredEvents = false {product}
bool PrintVMOptions = false {product}
bool PrintVMQWaitTime = false {product}
bool PrintWarnings = true {product}
uintx ProcessDistributionStride = 4 {product}
bool ProfileInterpreter = true {pd product}
bool ProfileIntervals = false {product}
intx ProfileIntervalsTicks = 100 {product}
intx ProfileMaturityPercentage = 20 {product}
bool ProfileVM = false {product}
bool ProfilerPrintByteCodeStatistics = false {product}
bool ProfilerRecordPC = false {product}
uintx PromotedPadding = 3 {product}
uintx QueuedAllocationWarningCount = 0 {product}
uintx RTMRetryCount = 5 {ARCH product}
bool RangeCheckElimination = true {product}
intx ReadPrefetchInstr = 0 {ARCH product}
bool ReassociateInvariants = true {C2 product}
bool ReduceBulkZeroing = true {C2 product}
bool ReduceFieldZeroing = true {C2 product}
bool ReduceInitialCardMarks = true {C2 product}
bool ReduceSignalUsage = false {product}
intx RefDiscoveryPolicy = 0 {product}
bool ReflectionWrapResolutionErrors = true {product}
bool RegisterFinalizersAtInit = true {product}
bool RelaxAccessControlCheck = false {product}
ccstr ReplayDataFile = {product}
bool RequireSharedSpaces = false {product}
uintx ReservedCodeCacheSize = 251658240 {pd product}
bool ResizeOldPLAB = true {product}
bool ResizePLAB = true {product}
bool ResizeTLAB = true {pd product}
bool RestoreMXCSROnJNICalls = false {product}
bool RestrictContended = true {product}
bool RewriteBytecodes = true {pd product}
bool RewriteFrequentPairs = true {pd product}
intx SafepointPollOffset = 256 {C1 pd product}
intx SafepointSpinBeforeYield = 2000 {product}
bool SafepointTimeout = false {product}
intx SafepointTimeoutDelay = 10000 {product}
bool ScavengeBeforeFullGC = true {product}
intx SelfDestructTimer = 0 {product}
uintx SharedBaseAddress = 34359738368 {product}
ccstr SharedClassListFile = {product}
uintx SharedMiscCodeSize = 122880 {product}
uintx SharedMiscDataSize = 4194304 {product}
uintx SharedReadOnlySize = 16777216 {product}
uintx SharedReadWriteSize = 16777216 {product}
bool ShowMessageBoxOnError = false {product}
intx SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB = 1000 {product}
bool SpecialEncodeISOArray = true {C2 product}
bool SplitIfBlocks = true {C2 product}
intx StackRedPages = 1 {pd product}
intx StackShadowPages = 20 {pd product}
bool StackTraceInThrowable = true {product}
intx StackYellowPages = 2 {pd product}
bool StartAttachListener = false {product}
intx StarvationMonitorInterval = 200 {product}
bool StressLdcRewrite = false {product}
uintx StringDeduplicationAgeThreshold = 3 {product}
uintx StringTableSize = 60013 {product}
bool SuppressFatalErrorMessage = false {product}
uintx SurvivorPadding = 3 {product}
uintx SurvivorRatio = 8 {product}
intx SuspendRetryCount = 50 {product}
intx SuspendRetryDelay = 5 {product}
intx SyncFlags = 0 {product}
ccstr SyncKnobs = {product}
intx SyncVerbose = 0 {product}
uintx TLABAllocationWeight = 35 {product}
uintx TLABRefillWasteFraction = 64 {product}
uintx TLABSize = 0 {product}
bool TLABStats = true {product}
uintx TLABWasteIncrement = 4 {product}
uintx TLABWasteTargetPercent = 1 {product}
uintx TargetPLABWastePct = 10 {product}
uintx TargetSurvivorRatio = 50 {product}
uintx TenuredGenerationSizeIncrement = 20 {product}
uintx TenuredGenerationSizeSupplement = 80 {product}
uintx TenuredGenerationSizeSupplementDecay = 2 {product}
intx ThreadPriorityPolicy = 0 {product}
bool ThreadPriorityVerbose = false {product}
uintx ThreadSafetyMargin = 52428800 {product}
intx ThreadStackSize = 1024 {pd product}
uintx ThresholdTolerance = 10 {product}
intx Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog = 10 {product}
intx Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 7 {product}
intx Tier0ProfilingStartPercentage = 200 {product}
intx Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog = 20 {product}
intx Tier2BackEdgeThreshold = 0 {product}
intx Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog = 14 {product}
intx Tier2CompileThreshold = 0 {product}
intx Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 11 {product}
intx Tier3BackEdgeThreshold = 60000 {product}
intx Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog = 13 {product}
intx Tier3CompileThreshold = 2000 {product}
intx Tier3DelayOff = 2 {product}
intx Tier3DelayOn = 5 {product}
intx Tier3InvocationThreshold = 200 {product}
intx Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 10 {product}
intx Tier3LoadFeedback = 5 {product}
intx Tier3MinInvocationThreshold = 100 {product}
intx Tier4BackEdgeThreshold = 40000 {product}
intx Tier4CompileThreshold = 15000 {product}
intx Tier4InvocationThreshold = 5000 {product}
intx Tier4LoadFeedback = 3 {product}
intx Tier4MinInvocationThreshold = 600 {product}
bool TieredCompilation = true {pd product}
intx TieredCompileTaskTimeout = 50 {product}
intx TieredRateUpdateMaxTime = 25 {product}
intx TieredRateUpdateMinTime = 1 {product}
intx TieredStopAtLevel = 4 {product}
bool TimeLinearScan = false {C1 product}
bool TraceBiasedLocking = false {product}
bool TraceClassLoading = false {product rw}
bool TraceClassLoadingPreorder = false {product}
bool TraceClassPaths = false {product}
bool TraceClassResolution = false {product}
bool TraceClassUnloading = false {product rw}
bool TraceDynamicGCThreads = false {product}
bool TraceGen0Time = false {product}
bool TraceGen1Time = false {product}
ccstr TraceJVMTI = {product}
bool TraceLoaderConstraints = false {product rw}
bool TraceMetadataHumongousAllocation = false {product}
bool TraceMonitorInflation = false {product}
bool TraceParallelOldGCTasks = false {product}
intx TraceRedefineClasses = 0 {product}
bool TraceSafepointCleanupTime = false {product}
bool TraceSharedLookupCache = false {product}
bool TraceSuspendWaitFailures = false {product}
intx TrackedInitializationLimit = 50 {C2 product}
bool TransmitErrorReport = false {product}
bool TrapBasedNullChecks = false {pd product}
bool TrapBasedRangeChecks = false {C2 pd product}
intx TypeProfileArgsLimit = 2 {product}
uintx TypeProfileLevel = 111 {pd product}
intx TypeProfileMajorReceiverPercent = 90 {C2 product}
intx TypeProfileParmsLimit = 2 {product}
intx TypeProfileWidth = 2 {product}
intx UnguardOnExecutionViolation = 0 {product}
bool UnlinkSymbolsALot = false {product}
bool Use486InstrsOnly = false {ARCH product}
bool UseAES = true {product}
bool UseAESIntrinsics = true {product}
intx UseAVX = 2 {ARCH product}
bool UseAdaptiveGCBoundary = false {product}
bool UseAdaptiveGenerationSizePolicyAtMajorCollection = true {product}
bool UseAdaptiveGenerationSizePolicyAtMinorCollection = true {product}
bool UseAdaptiveNUMAChunkSizing = true {product}
bool UseAdaptiveSizeDecayMajorGCCost = true {product}
bool UseAdaptiveSizePolicy = true {product}
bool UseAdaptiveSizePolicyFootprintGoal = true {product}
bool UseAdaptiveSizePolicyWithSystemGC = false {product}
bool UseAddressNop = true {ARCH product}
bool UseAltSigs = false {product}
bool UseAutoGCSelectPolicy = false {product}
bool UseBMI1Instructions = true {ARCH product}
bool UseBMI2Instructions = true {ARCH product}
bool UseBiasedLocking = true {product}
bool UseBimorphicInlining = true {C2 product}
bool UseBoundThreads = true {product}
bool UseCLMUL = true {ARCH product}
bool UseCMSBestFit = true {product}
bool UseCMSCollectionPassing = true {product}
bool UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection = true {product}
bool UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly = false {product}
bool UseCRC32Intrinsics = true {product}
bool UseCodeCacheFlushing = true {product}
bool UseCompiler = true {product}
bool UseCompilerSafepoints = true {product}
bool UseCompressedClassPointers := true {lp64_product}
bool UseCompressedOops := true {lp64_product}
bool UseConcMarkSweepGC = false {product}
bool UseCondCardMark = false {C2 product}
bool UseContainerSupport = true {product}
bool UseCountLeadingZerosInstruction = true {ARCH product}
bool UseCountTrailingZerosInstruction = true {ARCH product}
bool UseCountedLoopSafepoints = false {C2 product}
bool UseCounterDecay = true {product}
bool UseDivMod = true {C2 product}
bool UseDynamicNumberOfGCThreads = false {product}
bool UseFPUForSpilling = true {C2 product}
bool UseFastAccessorMethods = false {product}
bool UseFastEmptyMethods = false {product}
bool UseFastJNIAccessors = true {product}
bool UseFastStosb = true {ARCH product}
bool UseG1GC = false {product}
bool UseGCLogFileRotation = false {product}
bool UseGCOverheadLimit = true {product}
bool UseGCTaskAffinity = false {product}
bool UseHeavyMonitors = false {product}
bool UseHugeTLBFS = false {product}
bool UseInlineCaches = true {product}
bool UseInterpreter = true {product}
bool UseJumpTables = true {C2 product}
bool UseLWPSynchronization = true {product}
bool UseLargePages = false {pd product}
bool UseLargePagesInMetaspace = false {product}
bool UseLargePagesIndividualAllocation = false {pd product}
bool UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks = true {product}
bool UseLockedTracing = false {product}
bool UseLoopCounter = true {product}
bool UseLoopInvariantCodeMotion = true {C1 product}
bool UseLoopPredicate = true {C2 product}
bool UseMathExactIntrinsics = true {C2 product}
bool UseMaximumCompactionOnSystemGC = true {product}
bool UseMembar = false {pd product}
bool UseMontgomeryMultiplyIntrinsic = true {C2 product}
bool UseMontgomerySquareIntrinsic = true {C2 product}
bool UseMulAddIntrinsic = true {C2 product}
bool UseMultiplyToLenIntrinsic = true {C2 product}
bool UseNUMA = false {product}
bool UseNUMAInterleaving = false {product}
bool UseNewLongLShift = false {ARCH product}
bool UseOSErrorReporting = false {pd product}
bool UseOldInlining = true {C2 product}
bool UseOnStackReplacement = true {pd product}
bool UseOnlyInlinedBimorphic = true {C2 product}
bool UseOprofile = false {product}
bool UseOptoBiasInlining = true {C2 product}
bool UsePSAdaptiveSurvivorSizePolicy = true {product}
bool UseParNewGC = false {product}
bool UseParallelGC = false {product}
bool UseParallelOldGC = false {product}
bool UsePerfData = true {product}
bool UsePopCountInstruction = true {product}
bool UseRDPCForConstantTableBase = false {C2 product}
bool UseRTMDeopt = false {ARCH product}
bool UseRTMLocking = false {ARCH product}
bool UseSHA = false {product}
bool UseSHA1Intrinsics = false {product}
bool UseSHA256Intrinsics = false {product}
bool UseSHA512Intrinsics = false {product}
bool UseSHM = false {product}
intx UseSSE = 4 {product}
bool UseSSE42Intrinsics = true {product}
bool UseSerialGC = false {product}
bool UseSharedSpaces = false {product}
bool UseSignalChaining = true {product}
bool UseSquareToLenIntrinsic = true {C2 product}
bool UseStoreImmI16 = false {ARCH product}
bool UseStringDeduplication = false {product}
bool UseSuperWord = true {C2 product}
bool UseTLAB = true {pd product}
bool UseThreadPriorities = true {pd product}
bool UseTransparentHugePages = false {product}
bool UseTypeProfile = true {product}
bool UseTypeSpeculation = true {C2 product}
bool UseUnalignedLoadStores = true {ARCH product}
bool UseVMInterruptibleIO = false {product}
bool UseXMMForArrayCopy = true {product}
bool UseXmmI2D = false {ARCH product}
bool UseXmmI2F = false {ARCH product}
bool UseXmmLoadAndClearUpper = true {ARCH product}
bool UseXmmRegToRegMoveAll = true {ARCH product}
bool VMThreadHintNoPreempt = false {product}
intx VMThreadPriority = -1 {product}
intx VMThreadStackSize = 1024 {pd product}
intx ValueMapInitialSize = 11 {C1 product}
intx ValueMapMaxLoopSize = 8 {C1 product}
intx ValueSearchLimit = 1000 {C2 product}
bool VerifyMergedCPBytecodes = true {product}
bool VerifySharedSpaces = false {product}
intx WorkAroundNPTLTimedWaitHang = 1 {product}
uintx YoungGenerationSizeIncrement = 20 {product}
uintx YoungGenerationSizeSupplement = 80 {product}
uintx YoungGenerationSizeSupplementDecay = 8 {product}
uintx YoungPLABSize = 4096 {product}
bool ZeroTLAB = false {product}
intx hashCode = 5 {product}
"=“表示默认值
等号前加了冒号，”:="表示被用户或JVM修改后的值
值的单位是字节
2）启动项目时
即就是针对某个进程，将参数加上就行
例如：
在启动时指定
java -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -jar gift-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
就是针对启动项目的这个进程的参数
这个项目默认是UseparallelGC这个参数是true 后面就变成：=true
java -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -Xms30M -Xmx30M -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=./ -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=ip -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=1090 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
java -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -XX:MetaspaceSize=32M -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=32M -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=./ -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=ip -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=1090 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
3.修改JVM参数
1） 运行jar包时
通过命令行
java -jar -XX:+UseG1GC xxx.jar
2）配置文件
可以把jvm参数放到配置文件中
tomcat是放到catalina.sh
jmeter也可以把jvm参数放到对应的文件中
不管是通过命令，还是通过配置文件指定参数都是可以，若需要指定多个jvm参数中间用空格分割就行。
4.常用参数
可能会出现问题的区域：堆、虚拟机栈、方法区（metaspace）
1） 堆
属性后面的数值只是一个示意，需要根据实际情况配置.
4.1.1初始化堆大小（理解为最小）
-XX:InitialHeapSize=100M
-Xms100M
4. 1.2最大堆大小
-XX:MaxHeapSize=100M
-Xmx100M
4. 1.3年轻代最大大小
-XX:MaxNewSize=50M
4. 1.4设置老年代大小
-XX:OldSize=50M
4. 1.5新老生代的比值
-XX:NewRatio
默认2
两个S区和Eden区的比值
-XX:SurvivorRatio默认8
4. 1.6启动堆内存溢出自动dump（理解为把堆dump下来）
当发生oom错误时，一般会配置这个参数，把文件dump下来
-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError
4. 1.7指定堆内存溢出dump目录
还可以设置dump后的位置
-XX:HeapDumpPath=heap.hprof
-XX:HeapDumpPath=./
java_pid1234.hprof
4. 1.8打印出GC日志
对jvm进行分析调优时，打印日志，对日志分析
-XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:gc.log
4. 1.9提升年老代的最大临界值
-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=16
默认值为 15
java -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -version |grep MaxTenuringThreshold
改这种都是比较细腻的jvm调优
一般调优都是针对于影响比较大，比较常用的参数做调优。
2）栈
设置每个线程的堆栈大小
-Xss128k
3） Metaspace（相当于是非堆，用的是物理内存，不是用的jvm内存）
方法区大小需要着重关注，若 出现Metaspace溢出，基本就是方法区大小设置不合理
4.3.1设置方法区大小
-XX:MetaspaceSize=50M
4.3.2方法区最大大小
-XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=50M
4.3.3启用短指针（CCS）
启用短指针需加参数
-XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers
4.3.4CodeCache初始大小
-XX:InitialCodeCacheSize
5. 收集器相关
1）串行收集器
jdk1.8默认是ParallelGC收集器
开启:-XX:+UseSerialGC -XX:+UseSerialOldGC
-XX:+UseSerialGC，其实指定一个，也会适配去指定另一个收集器。
年轻代:-XX:+UseSerialGC
老年代 ：-XX:+UseSerialOldGC
2）并行收集器（吞吐量优先）
这个是并行收集器，是多线程垃圾手机线程
开启:-XX:+UseParallelGC -XX:+UseParallelOldGC
-XX:+UseParallelGC
年轻代:-XX:+UseParallelGC ,年轻代，吞吐量优先
老年代:-XX:+UseParallelOldGC,老年代，吞吐量优先
可以设置并行GC线程数
-XX:ParallelGCThreads=n
3）并发【响应时间优先：两种方式】
CMS（老年代收集器），可以只加前面一段就ok:XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC ，会适配一个UseParNewGC收集器，是serial的升级版本，即是多线程版本。
开启:XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseParNewGC
年轻代是-XX:+UseParNewGC
老年代是CMS : -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC老年代，停顿时间优先
其它
-XX:ConcGCThreads=n
并发垃圾收集器使用的线程数量，执行垃圾收集线程数多，效率会高，还可以设定一个值，可以达到fullgc
-XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction：触发FullGC
old区达到多少进行fgc，默认92%
G1
开启:-XX:+UseG1GC
同时作用于：新生代，老年代（停顿时间优先）
常用:
G1一般用户大堆，多核情况下，一般来说核数比较大，尽可能多一点，提示垃圾回收的效率。
-XX:G1HeapRegionSize=n,并发垃圾收集器使用的线程数量
-XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=200（可预测停顿时间的垃圾收集器）这里期望最大停顿时间，选择回收时满足这个停顿时间情况下，尽可能回收多一点垃圾。
region的大小：1-32M可以改大小（必须是2的n次方），最多2048个region
YoungGC，
触发全局并发标记周期比例InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent默认是45
若这个堆的使用比例已经达到45，会触发全局并发标记（global concurrent marking）
mixedGC
触发mixedGC的参数（G1HeapWastePercent，默认触发是mixedgc5）
即就是可回收的百分比高于5就会触发mixedGC，低于5就不会触发，可以浪费5%
官网：https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/vm/gctuning/g1_gc_tuning.html#g1_gc_tuning
如果老年代的regin存活的对象如果超过85%不会回收（即就是不会放在seiset里）
除了有rembenr集合，还有seiset的集合（即就是清理的集合）
设置垃圾收集参数后也是可以查看，通过jinfo -flag
查看是否用G1
jinfo -flag UseG1GC PID
若看到:后是-号，就没有用相关收集器,+则用了相关收集器
可以看一下jmeter的
jmeter是java应用
jscone是jdk自带的，可以监控本地的，也可以监控远程的（需要配置远程监控的相关信息）
点击概要
可以看到jvm相关参数
-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError 自动dump
-Xms1g -Xmx1g 最小堆内存最大内存设置的都是1g
-XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=256m 最大的方法区 256M
-XX:+UseG1GC 垃圾收集器用的是g1
-XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=100 停顿时间为100ms
-XX:G1ReservePercent=20 ，默认是10，Jmeter设置的是10，设置预留的百分比，可以减少竟升失败的（竟升：对象有一个从年轻代进入到老年代）
一般保持默认即可
点击概览
二、监控
1.命令
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/tools/
常用工具： jconsole， jvisualvm
1）jps
jps -l
查看当前java进程
第一列为进程号
第二列就是看到完整路径，如果是类，会显示完整类名，包名都会显示。
jps -m 显示传递给main方法的参数
jps -v 显示输出jvm的参数
也可输jps -lv
也可jps -mlv
2） jinfo
设置垃圾收集参数后也是可以查看，通过jinfo -flag
查看是否用G1
jinfo -flag UseG1GC PID
若看到:后是-号，就没有用相关收集器,+则用了相关收集器
查看正在运行的jvm的参数值
jinfo pid
jinfo -flags pid
jinfo -flag 属性 pid
看状态
jinfo -flag UseConcMarkSweepGC pid
看数值
jinfo -flag MaxHeapSize pid
3）jstat（查看虚拟机运行的状态、垃圾收集相关信息）
jstat -gc
打印出的信息比较多，不太简洁
jstat -gc pid 只会打印一次
jstat -gc pid 1000 1s打印一次
第一行为c就表示总量，单位是kb，若为u表示使用量
s0表示存活区，s0c表示s0的总的大小，s1c表示的是s1的总的大小。
s0,s1大小相等，同一时刻的话就只会使用一个区域，采用了复制算法，牺牲一个区域的内存来换取规则的内存区域。
s0u表示的是s0的使用的量，只有一个区域有数据，s0有数据，即s1没有；s1有，s0没有。
E表示eden园区，EC表示eden园区总的大小，EU表示eden使用的大小。
E表示old，OC表示old区总的大小，OU表示old使用的大小。
M 表示metaspace，MC表示metaspace的大小，MU表示metaspace使用的大小。
metaspace使用的是物理内存，独立于jvm内存，把方法去逻辑归属于堆。
CCSC 压缩类总空间的大小，32位短指针存在， CCSU 表示 压缩类使用的大小量。
特别是要关注:
ou(即老年代ou使用了多少，OU快接近于oc,就会触发fgc,
Eu满了会触发Ygc，即就是把绝大部分的对象回收掉，再把放到存活区里。
不是一看到fgc多，就oom，是需要看增量。
统计信息：gc的次数，gc的耗时，
YGC 年轻代，eu快接近ec,触发ygc，次数都是累计，不是越多就有问题，而是需要看增量。
YGCT ygc的耗时，也是累加值，131/9=14.5,每次ygc是14.5ms左右
FGC FGC 累计次数
FGCT FGC 累计时间，每次fgc的时间= FGCT / FGC
GCT = FGCT + YGCT
jstat -gcutil
jstat -gcutil pid 1000
展示的是各参数百分比
jstat -gcutil pid 1000 5 （频率是1000ms，打印5次）
若fgc一直增加，并且old快接近于100%,需要去确认要么就是代码问题，要么设置是不合理（设置是不合理，可能设置的这个JVM参数都不能满足高tps的业务，一般情况下（jvm参数架构会做评估，及开发经验比较多的评估，会设置一个合理的值，我们测试再来进行压测是否有问题）
4）jmap（查看堆内存信息）
会显示用的收集器、一些参数的配置、各个区的情况
更多的是去关注的对象的统计、dump堆
jmap -heap pid
对象统计
jmap -histo pid
会将和进程有关的对象都打印出来，更关心的是前20或前30，因为oom,某一个对象有很多
jmap -histo pid | head -10
内存使用多时，可以哪个看哪个对象类型数量多，哪个字节数多
第一行是空行
第二行是表头
第三行是虚线
第四行是正式内容
要看公司包名相关栈信息，看对象有多少
第一列是排序，第二列是实例数，第三例是字节，第四列是包名+类名
[C表示字符数组 char[]
[B表示字节数组byte[]
[I表示整形数组int[]
dump出堆内存
Example: jmap -dump:live,format=b,file=heap.bin
jmap -dump:live,format=b,file=heap.bin 10874
b是二进制
live是存活对象
file指定是文件名
然后再用堆内存分析工具进行分析
一般配置都是当发生oom自动dump
还没触发oom,也可以拉取下来分析
2.可视化工具
1）jconsole
在jdk的bin目录下
概览展示了堆内存、线程、类、做gc的cpu占用率的使用情况
类的话是用完就会卸载
可以看堆中的eden、存活区，old区的使用情况
-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Xms1g -Xmx1g -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=256m -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=100 -XX:G1ReservePercent=20
远程连接配置
java -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=ip -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=1090 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
2） jvisualvm
jvisualvm其实就是jconsole的升级版
概览的时候可以看到jvm参数、和系统属性
抽样
本地可以做cpu的抽样
就是看哪些方法消耗的cpu多
这个mem就是和dump类似，看哪些对象消耗mem内存多
JVisualVM没有VisualGC的解决办法
点击工具–插件–可用插件–选择VisualGC–点击安装–下一步-安装–
重启
VisualGC插件安装失败的解决办法
VisualVM插件中心的地址是：https://visualvm.github.io/pluginscenters.html，用云服务器下载到插件。
连接阿里云服务器
curl https://visualvm.github.io/pluginscenters.html > plugin.html，获取到插件中心的地址
再打开 plugin.html
点击VisualVMhttps://visualvm.github.io/uc/release211/updates.xml.gz地址
再返回到插件除安装，即安装成功，再重启显示VisualGC
VisualGC会显示每个区域的情况（old、eden、存活区）、显示各个年龄的对象、显示编译时间、类的加载时间、GC的时间
3）grafana + prometheus
java -javaagent:/usr/local/jmx_exporter/jmx_prometheus_javaagent-0.12.0.jar=3010:/usr/local/jmx_exporter/jmx_exporter.yml -jar ~/test/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
三、堆：分析、调优
1.问题定位
3.1.1堆的问题
堆溢出（堆gc耗时）
方法区溢出
定位：通过运行日志、堆快照、gc日志
若发生oom,就会有oom错误日志，gc日志工具
可以指定jvm参数在堆溢出时自动dump堆，作进一步分析
堆gc耗时，分析gc日志，用的工具
示例演示
1）oom：
A.命令
堆内存–java.lang.OutOfMemoryError:Java heap space
jmap -dump:live,format=b,file=heap.bin pid
根据业务，可能是堆不足，也可能是代码oom问题
方法区：java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
用jstat看不到，因为不是在堆内存
根据方法，可能是方法区不足，也可能是代码oom问题
老师演示的
ParallelGC
1.没有指定收集器，只需在启动时指定堆的大小（为了现象更快展示）
设置最大、最小堆内存
java -Xms32M -Xmx32M -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=./ -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
http请求
查询相机信息
jmeter中的线程是5个线程，每10加载一个线程，ram-up50,持续时间110
放在压力机上跑jmeter -n -t test.jmx
开一个监控top
开始看日志
top按c看到java进程消耗的cpu多，若cpu高，就要看是哪个cpu高，看到us比较消耗的高，先看gc是否有问题，若gc没问题，需要看进程所对应的线程在做什么，即就是打栈。
先看gc是否有问题
jstat -gcutil pid ,看到老年代80%多，ygc每秒执行一次,ygc在增加93，
压力机执行的线程看到是180左右，
再看到老年代99了，增加了一次fgc,fgc增加频繁，ygc一直不增加保持在357
自动dump一个gc日志
jmap -dump:live,format=b,file=heap.bin pid
先把堆dump下来，一般用memoryAnalyzer分析
file-open heap -dump
Leak Suspects泄漏
就会猜测哪个泄漏
点overview
Lists number of instances per class 列出类的实例数
看公司业务代码包名
可进行搜索业务代码包名
第一轮显示类名，第二列显示创建对象的数量，第三例显示的是对象本身占用内存大小（不包含引用的），第四列包含引用大小总的大小。
根据第三例去看这个为什么会创建这么多象，是设置堆的大小有问题，还是代码有问题。
接着再看类的实例
点击右键–list objects–within coming references
显示具体的实例
也可按照工具提示的看
频繁的fgc,老年代快满了，但是对象还在引用，没法释放掉，可能就是两种情况：1是堆内存设置过小，2是代码有问题
发生oom,不一定是代码问题，结合业务量，业务量大，设置的堆内存就需要大一点。
GC日志：
除了oom问题，可能更多是要解决gc耗时，吞吐量不高问题，要分析gc日志。
java -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:gc.log -Xms30M -Xmx30M -jar 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar 没有指定收集器，默认使用ParallelGC
看gc日志的话用gcviewer-1.36-SNAPSHOT.jar工具看，分析gc日志的
主要看三种
1)ParallelGC
跑起来
2)CMS
-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseParNewGC
java -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:gc.log -Xms30M -Xmx30M -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=./ -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
3)G1
-XX:+UseG1GC
java -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:gc.log -Xms30M -Xmx30M -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=./ -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
日志分析
日志格式：ParallelGC，CMS，G1
分析工具
点击pause,可以看到最大最小停顿时间、以及停顿次数
点击memory
点击summary,显示吞吐量
若fullgc次数多，耗时多，若要对这个parallerGC这个优化器做优化，第一步先把内存调大。
用这个调大：java -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:gc.log -Xms200M -Xmx200M -jar 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
吞吐量优先就先要提高吞吐量，停顿时间增加了，gc次数减少，fullgc次数减少
若是吞吐量收集器就要保证吞吐量，吞吐量达到了目标，就要去降低时间。
把堆调大，每一次gc停顿时间增加。
若用cms,就优先考虑停顿时间，尽可能降低停顿时间，尽量提高吞吐量。
java -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:gc.log -Xms30M -Xmx30M -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=./ -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
cms主要看老年代，年轻代用的是ParNewGC
g1也是要降低停顿时间，尽量满足在设置的停顿时间，去选择性进行回收（时间较短，重点关注吞吐量，提高吞吐量）
java -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:+PrintFlagsFinal -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -Xloggc:gc.log -Xms30M -Xmx30M -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:HeapDumpPath=./ -jar demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
RS:remberset 记录谁引用了他
Cset就是要收集哪些:存放的是可以回收的regin集合，可以对这些regin回收效率做排序，优先回收能满足停顿时间的regin
gc日志其实就是放在gcviewer中分析，主要看停顿时间，吞吐量
并行收集器设置GC线程，可以设置更多的gc线程，执行更快，-XX:ParallelGCThreads=n
不能单调内存，gc线程小了,cpu核数多，时间也会耗费的多，考虑把线程调大。
并发就是cms,也有调线程，-XX:ConcGCThreads=n也涉及堆
g1可以调的地方多一点：
停顿时间较高，可以把目标停顿时间调低一点-XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=200，去看一下gc情况，线程数也可调-XX:ConcGCThreads=n
触发并发标记也可调（触发全局并发标记周期比例InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent 默认45%，若次数多，可能很快就到达这个值，可以设置高一点）
若是响应时间优先，响应时间低，尽可能提高吞吐量；
若是吞吐量优先，先考虑吞吐量，尽可能提高停顿时间，
并行收集器
收集器都要考虑停顿时间，吞吐量、gc次数
gc次数过多，，要是又是吞吐量优先，停顿时间控制不好，会造成就是频繁停顿
内存分配:
非g1,比例，young与old是1;2,young使用多，可以把young调大，避免对象进入过多进入old,做fullgc,时间会更多，耗时多，考虑点。
调优参考：
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/vm/gctuning/g1_gc_tuning.html#g1_gc_tuning
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/vm/gctuning/cms.html#concurrent_mark_sweep_cms_collector
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/vm/gctuning/parallel.html#gen_arrangement_parallel
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