CountdownLatch和CyclicBarrier

已于 2022-05-30 11:56:05 修改
阅读量107 收藏
点赞数
分类专栏： JUC 文章标签： java
于 2022-05-30 11:23:10 首次发布
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_45364328/article/details/125043099
版权

CountdownLatch

用来进行线程同步协作，等待所有线程完成倒计时。
其中构造参数用来初始化等待计数值，await() 用来等待计数归零，countDown() 用来让计数减一

  public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(3);
        new Thread(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(1);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        }).start();
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(2);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        }).start();
        
        new Thread(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(1.5);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        }).start();
        
        log.debug("waiting...");
        latch.await();
        log.debug("wait end...");
    }

输出

18:44:00.778 c.TestCountDownLatch [main] - waiting... 
18:44:00.778 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-2] - begin... 
18:44:00.778 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-0] - begin... 
18:44:00.778 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-1] - begin... 
18:44:01.782 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-0] - end...2 
18:44:02.283 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-2] - end...1 
18:44:02.782 c.TestCountDownLatch [Thread-1] - end...0 
18:44:02.782 c.TestCountDownLatch [main] - wait end...

可以配合线程池使用，改进如下

 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(3);
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4);
        service.submit(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(1);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        });
        service.submit(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(1.5);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        });
        service.submit(() -> {
            log.debug("begin...");
            sleep(2);
            latch.countDown();
            log.debug("end...{}", latch.getCount());
        });
        service.submit(()->{
            try {
                log.debug("waiting...");
                latch.await();
                log.debug("wait end...");
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
    }

输出

18:52:25.831 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-3] - begin... 
18:52:25.831 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-1] - begin... 
18:52:25.831 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-2] - begin... 
18:52:25.831 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-4] - waiting... 
18:52:26.835 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-1] - end...2 
18:52:27.335 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-2] - end...1 
18:52:27.835 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-3] - end...0 
18:52:27.835 c.TestCountDownLatch [pool-1-thread-4] - wait end...

应用之同步等待多线程准备完毕

 AtomicInteger num = new AtomicInteger(0);
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10, (r) -> {
            return new Thread(r, "t" + num.getAndIncrement());
        });
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(10);
        String[] all = new String[10];
        Random r = new Random();
        for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
            int x = j;
            service.submit(() -> {
                for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(r.nextInt(100));
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    }
                    all[x] = Thread.currentThread().getName() + "(" + (i + "%") + ")";
                    System.out.print("\r" + Arrays.toString(all));
                }
                latch.countDown();
            });
        }
        latch.await();
        System.out.println("\n游戏开始...");
        service.shutdown();

中间输出

[t0(52%), t1(47%), t2(51%), t3(40%), t4(49%), t5(44%), t6(49%), t7(52%), t8(46%), t9(46%)]

最后输出

[t0(100%), t1(100%), t2(100%), t3(100%), t4(100%), t5(100%), t6(100%), t7(100%), t8(100%), 
t9(100%)] 
游戏开始...

应用之同步等待多个远程调用结束

@RestController
public class TestCountDownlatchController {
    @GetMapping("/order/{id}")
    public Map<String, Object> order(@PathVariable int id) {
        HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("id", id);
        map.put("total", "2300.00");
        sleep(2000);
        return map;
    }

    @GetMapping("/product/{id}")
    public Map<String, Object> product(@PathVariable int id) {
        HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        if (id == 1) {
            map.put("name", "小爱音箱");
            map.put("price", 300);
        } else if (id == 2) {
            map.put("name", "小米手机");
            map.put("price", 2000);
        }
        map.put("id", id);
        sleep(1000);
        return map;
    }

    @GetMapping("/logistics/{id}")
    public Map<String, Object> logistics(@PathVariable int id) {
        HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("id", id);
        map.put("name", "中通快递");
        sleep(2500);
        return map;
    }

    private void sleep(int millis) {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(millis);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

rest 远程调用

  public static void main(String[] args) {
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        log.debug("begin");
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(4);
         service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/order/{1}", Map.class, 1);
             latch.countDown();
        });
        service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/product/{1}", Map.class, 1);
            latch.countDown();
        });
        service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/product/{1}", Map.class, 2);
            latch.countDown();
        });
       service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/logistics/{1}", Map.class, 1);
            latch.countDown();
        });
       
        log.debug("执行完毕");
        service.shutdown();
    }

执行结果

19:51:39.711 c.TestCountDownLatch [main] - begin 
19:51:42.407 c.TestCountDownLatch [main] - 执行完毕

CountdownLatch适合于没有返回值的情况，如果有返回值，上述需要进行这么改进：

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        log.debug("begin");
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(4);
        Future<Map<String, Object>> f1 = service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/order/{1}", Map.class, 1);
            return r;
        });
        Future<Map<String, Object>> f2 = service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/product/{1}", Map.class, 1);
            return r;
        });
        Future<Map<String, Object>> f3 = service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/product/{1}", Map.class, 2);
            return r;
        });
        Future<Map<String, Object>> f4 = service.submit(() -> {
            Map<String, Object> r =
                    restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8080/logistics/{1}", Map.class, 1);
            return r;
        });
        System.out.println(f1.get());
        System.out.println(f2.get());
        System.out.println(f3.get());
        System.out.println(f4.get());
        log.debug("执行完毕");
        service.shutdown();
    }


19:51:39.711 c.TestCountDownLatch [main] - begin 
{total=2300.00, id=1} 
{price=300, name=小爱音箱, id=1} 
{price=2000, name=小米手机, id=2} 
{name=中通快递, id=1} 
19:51:42.407 c.TestCountDownLatch [main] - 执行完毕

CyclicBarrier

循环栅栏，用来进行线程协作，等待线程满足某个计数。构造时设置『计数个数』，每个线程执行到某个需要“同步”的时刻调用 await() 方法进行等待，当等待的线程数满足『计数个数』时，继续执行

  CyclicBarrier cb = new CyclicBarrier(2); // 个数为2时才会继续执行
        new Thread(()->{
            System.out.println("线程1开始.."+new Date());
            try {
                cb.await(); // 当个数不足时，等待
            } catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("线程1继续向下运行..."+new Date());
        }).start();
        new Thread(()->{
            System.out.println("线程2开始.."+new Date());
            try { Thread.sleep(2000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { }
            try {
                cb.await(); // 2 秒后，线程个数够2，继续运行
            } catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("线程2继续向下运行..."+new Date());
        }).start();

注意 CyclicBarrier 与 CountDownLatch 的主要区别在于 CyclicBarrier 是可以重用的 CyclicBarrier 可以被比喻为『人满发车』

香树
关注
专栏目录
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付：10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明：

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币，按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载，可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值