面试题练习(三)

字符替换

使用辅助数组 是解题重点

初始版本：

char* replaceSpaces(char* S, int length){
    int i,j;
    char* new_s = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*(length*3)+1);
    i = j = 0;
    for(;i<length;i++){
        if(S[i]!=' ')
            new_s[j++] = S[i];
        else{
            new_s[j++] = '%';
            new_s[j++] = '2';
            new_s[j++] = '0';
        }
    }
    new_s[j] = '\0';
    
    return new_s;
}

改进： 减少数组数量

char* replaceSpaces(char* S, int length){
    int i,j,len;
    i = len = 0;
    while(i<length){
        if(S[i] == ' ')
            len++;
        i++;
    }
    char* new_s = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*(length+2*len+1));
    i = j = 0;
    for(;i<length;i++){
        if(S[i]!=' ')
            new_s[j++] = S[i];
        else{
            new_s[j++] = '%';
            new_s[j++] = '2';
            new_s[j++] = '0';
        }
    }
    new_s[j] = '\0';
    
    return new_s;
}

再改进：辅助数组再减少

不申请变换后字符的数量，在原字符串修改

char* replaceSpaces(char* S, int length){
    int i,j;
    char* new_s = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*(length+1));
    i = 0;
    for(;i<length;i++){
        new_s[i] = S[i];
    }
    new_s[i] = '\0';
    i = j = 0;
    for(;i<length;i++){
        if(new_s[i]!=' ')
            S[j++] = new_s[i];
        else{
            S[j++] = '%';
            S[j++] = '2';
            S[j++] = '0';
        }
    }
    S[j] = '\0';
    return S;
}