在这里记录下自己学习SQL的过程,SQL的全称是Structured Query Language,翻译过来就是结构化查询语言。SQL给我的感觉和Python中的pandas库很像,而pandas库又和Excel很像,就是感觉形式上不一样,但原理都是一样的。
首先是SQL的安装,我安装的是mysql,按照这个教程来的👉安装教程
按照上面的步骤安装好之后,就是登录SQL。每次登录SQL都需要打开一个命令窗口,可以是系统的默认黑色命令窗口,也可以是jupyter的命令窗口,在命令窗口中输入"mysql -u root -p"回车,这个时候会让你输入你在安装时设置的密码。
Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.19042.1052]
(c) Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。
C:\Users\liuju>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ****
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.25 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
登录SQL之后,通过"show databases"查看系统内有哪些数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| products |
| sys |
| test |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.03 sec)
选择一个数据库:
mysql> use test;
Database changed
查看数据库test中的表格:
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| course |
| pet |
| score |
| student |
| teacher |
+----------------+
5 rows in set (0.02 sec)
查看某一个表格的列名及属性
mysql> desc pet;
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| owner | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| species | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| birth | date | YES | | NULL | |
| death | date | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
如何创建一个数据库?
mysql> create table pet_1(
-> name varchar(20),
-> owner varchar(20),
-> species varchar(20),
-> sex char(1),
-> birth date,
-> death date);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> desc pet_1;
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| owner | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| species | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| birth | date | YES | | NULL | |
| death | date | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)